The Possible Anti-nociceptive Effect of Troxerutin and Neural Interactions Using Formalin and Writhing Tests in Mice
Background: Previous reports suggest flavonoids as potent analgesic compounds. Objectives: Based on these observations, the present study investigated the anti-nociceptive action of troxerutin and neural interactions with opioidergic, serotoninergic, and nitrergic systems in mice. Methods: A total...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Hamadan University of Medical Sciences
2023-06-01
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| Series: | Avicenna Journal of Medical Biochemistry |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://ajmb.umsha.ac.ir/PDF/ajmb-11-66.pdf |
| _version_ | 1828718301367238656 |
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| author | Farima Jafari-Tirabadi Shahin Hassanpour Ahmad Asghari |
| author_facet | Farima Jafari-Tirabadi Shahin Hassanpour Ahmad Asghari |
| author_sort | Farima Jafari-Tirabadi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background: Previous reports suggest flavonoids as potent analgesic compounds.
Objectives: Based on these observations, the present study investigated the anti-nociceptive action of troxerutin and neural interactions with opioidergic, serotoninergic, and nitrergic systems in mice.
Methods: A total of 340 male mice were randomly divided into 2 categories. Each category included four experiments with four groups. In the first experiment of formalin examination, the animals intraperitoneally received saline and troxerutin (50, 150, and 300 mg/kg). In the second experiment, the animals received saline, naloxone (2 mg/kg), troxerutin (300 mg/kg), and troxerutin+naloxone. In the third and fourth experiments, L-NAME (L-NG-Nitroarginine methyl ester) and cyproheptadine were injected. In this test, formalin was injected and paw licking time (pain sense) was recorded. In the writhing test, experimental groups were treated similarly and the mice were injected with acetic acid. Then, the inhibition of the writhing movements was recorded.
Results: According to the findings, troxerutin decreased pain in the formalin test and writhing movements in the writhing test (P=0.001). Naloxone and troxerutin decreased licking time and writhing movements (P=0.001). L-NAME+troxerutin significantly diminished the anti-nociceptive effect of troxerutin on paw licking and inhibited pain response (P=0.001).
Conclusion: These results suggested that troxerutin decreases inflammatory pain in mice, and this effect is mediated by opioidergic and nitrergic systems. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-12T14:41:45Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-1e31c72f30794618a88d76bf7676a412 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2345-4113 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-12T14:41:45Z |
| publishDate | 2023-06-01 |
| publisher | Hamadan University of Medical Sciences |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Avicenna Journal of Medical Biochemistry |
| spelling | doaj.art-1e31c72f30794618a88d76bf7676a4122023-08-16T06:27:10ZengHamadan University of Medical SciencesAvicenna Journal of Medical Biochemistry2345-41132023-06-01111667110.34172/ajmb.2023.2394The Possible Anti-nociceptive Effect of Troxerutin and Neural Interactions Using Formalin and Writhing Tests in MiceFarima Jafari-Tirabadi0https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4968-4805Shahin Hassanpour1https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4417-1819Ahmad Asghari2Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, IranDepartment of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, IranDepartment of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran Background: Previous reports suggest flavonoids as potent analgesic compounds. Objectives: Based on these observations, the present study investigated the anti-nociceptive action of troxerutin and neural interactions with opioidergic, serotoninergic, and nitrergic systems in mice. Methods: A total of 340 male mice were randomly divided into 2 categories. Each category included four experiments with four groups. In the first experiment of formalin examination, the animals intraperitoneally received saline and troxerutin (50, 150, and 300 mg/kg). In the second experiment, the animals received saline, naloxone (2 mg/kg), troxerutin (300 mg/kg), and troxerutin+naloxone. In the third and fourth experiments, L-NAME (L-NG-Nitroarginine methyl ester) and cyproheptadine were injected. In this test, formalin was injected and paw licking time (pain sense) was recorded. In the writhing test, experimental groups were treated similarly and the mice were injected with acetic acid. Then, the inhibition of the writhing movements was recorded. Results: According to the findings, troxerutin decreased pain in the formalin test and writhing movements in the writhing test (P=0.001). Naloxone and troxerutin decreased licking time and writhing movements (P=0.001). L-NAME+troxerutin significantly diminished the anti-nociceptive effect of troxerutin on paw licking and inhibited pain response (P=0.001). Conclusion: These results suggested that troxerutin decreases inflammatory pain in mice, and this effect is mediated by opioidergic and nitrergic systems.https://ajmb.umsha.ac.ir/PDF/ajmb-11-66.pdfanti-nociceptivetroxerutinmice |
| spellingShingle | Farima Jafari-Tirabadi Shahin Hassanpour Ahmad Asghari The Possible Anti-nociceptive Effect of Troxerutin and Neural Interactions Using Formalin and Writhing Tests in Mice Avicenna Journal of Medical Biochemistry anti-nociceptive troxerutin mice |
| title | The Possible Anti-nociceptive Effect of Troxerutin and Neural Interactions Using Formalin and Writhing Tests in Mice |
| title_full | The Possible Anti-nociceptive Effect of Troxerutin and Neural Interactions Using Formalin and Writhing Tests in Mice |
| title_fullStr | The Possible Anti-nociceptive Effect of Troxerutin and Neural Interactions Using Formalin and Writhing Tests in Mice |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Possible Anti-nociceptive Effect of Troxerutin and Neural Interactions Using Formalin and Writhing Tests in Mice |
| title_short | The Possible Anti-nociceptive Effect of Troxerutin and Neural Interactions Using Formalin and Writhing Tests in Mice |
| title_sort | possible anti nociceptive effect of troxerutin and neural interactions using formalin and writhing tests in mice |
| topic | anti-nociceptive troxerutin mice |
| url | https://ajmb.umsha.ac.ir/PDF/ajmb-11-66.pdf |
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