Air Pollutants’ Concentrations Are Associated with Increased Number of RSV Hospitalizations in Polish Children
Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) contributes significantly to pediatric hospitalizations. An association between air pollution and an increased number of RSV cases has been suggested. We sought to evaluate the short-term impact of air pollutants on RSV hospitalizations in Polish children in the per...
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MDPI AG
2021-07-01
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| Series: | Journal of Clinical Medicine |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/10/15/3224 |
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| author | August Wrotek Artur Badyda Piotr O. Czechowski Tomasz Owczarek Piotr Dąbrowiecki Teresa Jackowska |
| author_facet | August Wrotek Artur Badyda Piotr O. Czechowski Tomasz Owczarek Piotr Dąbrowiecki Teresa Jackowska |
| author_sort | August Wrotek |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) contributes significantly to pediatric hospitalizations. An association between air pollution and an increased number of RSV cases has been suggested. We sought to evaluate the short-term impact of air pollutants on RSV hospitalizations in Polish children in the period 2010–2019. Daily concentrations of PM<sub>10</sub> and PM<sub>2.5</sub> (particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter less than or equal to 10 μm and 2.5 μm, respectively) and nitrogen dioxide (NO<sub>2</sub>) were analyzed in general regression models (GRM) to establish their influence and full interaction scheme. Significant seasonal and annual periodicity among 53,221 hospitalizations was observed; finally, data from the 2012–2019 RSV high-risk seasons created models for seven agglomerations. The addition of PM<sub>2.5</sub>, PM<sub>10</sub>, and NO<sub>2</sub> to the basic model for RSV seasonality explained 23% (4.9–31%, univariate model) to 31.4% (8.4–31%, multivariate model) of the variance in RSV hospitalizations. A 10 μg/m<sup>3</sup> increase in PM<sub>2.5</sub>, PM<sub>10</sub>, and NO<sub>2</sub> concentrations was associated with 0.134 (0.087–0.16), 0.097 (0.031–0.087), and 0.212 (0.04–0.29) average increases in hospitalizations, respectively. In the multivariate models, PM<sub>2.5</sub>, PM<sub>10</sub>, and NO<sub>2</sub> alone, as well as PM<sub>2.5</sub>–NO<sub>2</sub>, PM<sub>2.5</sub>–PM<sub>10</sub>, and PM<sub>10</sub>–NO<sub>2</sub> interactions, were associated with hospitalizations in some of the locations, while the metaregression showed statistically significant interactions between each of the pollutants, and between the pollutants and the year of the study. The inclusion of PM<sub>2.5</sub>, PM<sub>10</sub>, and NO<sub>2</sub> in GRM explains a significant number of RSV hospitalizations. The pollutants act alone and interact together in a varied manner. Reducing air contamination might decrease the costs of hospital healthcare. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T09:13:41Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-1e3ffcd71a804b698f390eb958453118 |
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| issn | 2077-0383 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T09:13:41Z |
| publishDate | 2021-07-01 |
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| spelling | doaj.art-1e3ffcd71a804b698f390eb9584531182023-11-22T05:47:40ZengMDPI AGJournal of Clinical Medicine2077-03832021-07-011015322410.3390/jcm10153224Air Pollutants’ Concentrations Are Associated with Increased Number of RSV Hospitalizations in Polish ChildrenAugust Wrotek0Artur Badyda1Piotr O. Czechowski2Tomasz Owczarek3Piotr Dąbrowiecki4Teresa Jackowska5Department of Pediatrics, The Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, 01-813 Warsaw, PolandFaculty of Building Services Hydro- and Environmental Engineering, Warsaw University of Technology, 00-653 Warsaw, PolandDepartment of Quantitative Methods and Environmental Management, Faculty of Management and Quality Science, Gdynia Maritime University, 81-225 Gdynia, PolandDepartment of Quantitative Methods and Environmental Management, Faculty of Management and Quality Science, Gdynia Maritime University, 81-225 Gdynia, PolandPolish Federation of Asthma Allergy and COPD Patients’ Associations, 01-604 Warsaw, PolandDepartment of Pediatrics, The Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, 01-813 Warsaw, PolandRespiratory syncytial virus (RSV) contributes significantly to pediatric hospitalizations. An association between air pollution and an increased number of RSV cases has been suggested. We sought to evaluate the short-term impact of air pollutants on RSV hospitalizations in Polish children in the period 2010–2019. Daily concentrations of PM<sub>10</sub> and PM<sub>2.5</sub> (particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter less than or equal to 10 μm and 2.5 μm, respectively) and nitrogen dioxide (NO<sub>2</sub>) were analyzed in general regression models (GRM) to establish their influence and full interaction scheme. Significant seasonal and annual periodicity among 53,221 hospitalizations was observed; finally, data from the 2012–2019 RSV high-risk seasons created models for seven agglomerations. The addition of PM<sub>2.5</sub>, PM<sub>10</sub>, and NO<sub>2</sub> to the basic model for RSV seasonality explained 23% (4.9–31%, univariate model) to 31.4% (8.4–31%, multivariate model) of the variance in RSV hospitalizations. A 10 μg/m<sup>3</sup> increase in PM<sub>2.5</sub>, PM<sub>10</sub>, and NO<sub>2</sub> concentrations was associated with 0.134 (0.087–0.16), 0.097 (0.031–0.087), and 0.212 (0.04–0.29) average increases in hospitalizations, respectively. In the multivariate models, PM<sub>2.5</sub>, PM<sub>10</sub>, and NO<sub>2</sub> alone, as well as PM<sub>2.5</sub>–NO<sub>2</sub>, PM<sub>2.5</sub>–PM<sub>10</sub>, and PM<sub>10</sub>–NO<sub>2</sub> interactions, were associated with hospitalizations in some of the locations, while the metaregression showed statistically significant interactions between each of the pollutants, and between the pollutants and the year of the study. The inclusion of PM<sub>2.5</sub>, PM<sub>10</sub>, and NO<sub>2</sub> in GRM explains a significant number of RSV hospitalizations. The pollutants act alone and interact together in a varied manner. Reducing air contamination might decrease the costs of hospital healthcare.https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/10/15/3224respiratory syncytial virusair pollutionparticulate matternitrogen dioxidebronchiolitispneumonia |
| spellingShingle | August Wrotek Artur Badyda Piotr O. Czechowski Tomasz Owczarek Piotr Dąbrowiecki Teresa Jackowska Air Pollutants’ Concentrations Are Associated with Increased Number of RSV Hospitalizations in Polish Children Journal of Clinical Medicine respiratory syncytial virus air pollution particulate matter nitrogen dioxide bronchiolitis pneumonia |
| title | Air Pollutants’ Concentrations Are Associated with Increased Number of RSV Hospitalizations in Polish Children |
| title_full | Air Pollutants’ Concentrations Are Associated with Increased Number of RSV Hospitalizations in Polish Children |
| title_fullStr | Air Pollutants’ Concentrations Are Associated with Increased Number of RSV Hospitalizations in Polish Children |
| title_full_unstemmed | Air Pollutants’ Concentrations Are Associated with Increased Number of RSV Hospitalizations in Polish Children |
| title_short | Air Pollutants’ Concentrations Are Associated with Increased Number of RSV Hospitalizations in Polish Children |
| title_sort | air pollutants concentrations are associated with increased number of rsv hospitalizations in polish children |
| topic | respiratory syncytial virus air pollution particulate matter nitrogen dioxide bronchiolitis pneumonia |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/10/15/3224 |
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