Silicon Dioxide (SiO<sub>2</sub>)-Based Defense Induction in Maize against Fall Armyworm (<i>Spodoptera frugiperda</i>)
Agricultural development is one of the most powerful tools to end extreme poverty but agriculture-driven growth, poverty reduction, and food security are at risk. Plant diseases and insect pests are major limiting factors that reduce crop production worldwide. Fall armyworm (<i>Spodoptera frug...
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MDPI AG
2023-10-01
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9976/27/1/23 |
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| author | Muhammad Adeel Ghafar Muhammad Sufyan Liande Wang |
| author_facet | Muhammad Adeel Ghafar Muhammad Sufyan Liande Wang |
| author_sort | Muhammad Adeel Ghafar |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Agricultural development is one of the most powerful tools to end extreme poverty but agriculture-driven growth, poverty reduction, and food security are at risk. Plant diseases and insect pests are major limiting factors that reduce crop production worldwide. Fall armyworm (<i>Spodoptera frugiperda</i>) is a serious pest of agricultural crops and the use of silicon (Si) has shown promise in various crops due to its capability of changing plant defenses. Present investigations were carried out for the management of FAW on maize and its effects on the biology of fall armyworm under laboratory conditions. In field trials, silicon dioxide (SiO<sub>2</sub>) was evaluated at three concentrations, i.e., 400, 800, and 1200 ppm, against maize FAW. Foliar and drenching applications of silicon dioxide at the maximum concentration (1200 ppm) exhibited significant results, with the minimum FAW population following 800 and 400 ppm, respectively. In the 2nd complement of the research, the biological parameters of fall armyworm were assessed under in vitro conditions by feeding larvae with silicon-treated leaves. Results revealed that the larvae survival rate was minimum (36%) at maximum silicon application in comparison to the control (95%). The pupal duration was increased to 13.66 days, compared to the control with 7.66 days. Moreover, the adult longevity was also reduced to 7.67 days and fecundity was reduced to 254 eggs, in comparison to the control with 512 eggs. Silicon had a significant effect on the biology of fall armyworm and its application can be a potential management technique for fall armyworm. |
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| issn | 2673-9976 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-24T18:29:48Z |
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| spelling | doaj.art-1e50ee6ef1d64de681ff608d86dadd432024-03-27T13:28:23ZengMDPI AGBiology and Life Sciences Forum2673-99762023-10-012712310.3390/IECAG2023-14984Silicon Dioxide (SiO<sub>2</sub>)-Based Defense Induction in Maize against Fall Armyworm (<i>Spodoptera frugiperda</i>)Muhammad Adeel Ghafar0Muhammad Sufyan1Liande Wang2College of Plant Protection, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University Fuzhou, Fuzhou 350000, ChinaDepartment of Entomology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38000, PakistanCollege of Plant Protection, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University Fuzhou, Fuzhou 350000, ChinaAgricultural development is one of the most powerful tools to end extreme poverty but agriculture-driven growth, poverty reduction, and food security are at risk. Plant diseases and insect pests are major limiting factors that reduce crop production worldwide. Fall armyworm (<i>Spodoptera frugiperda</i>) is a serious pest of agricultural crops and the use of silicon (Si) has shown promise in various crops due to its capability of changing plant defenses. Present investigations were carried out for the management of FAW on maize and its effects on the biology of fall armyworm under laboratory conditions. In field trials, silicon dioxide (SiO<sub>2</sub>) was evaluated at three concentrations, i.e., 400, 800, and 1200 ppm, against maize FAW. Foliar and drenching applications of silicon dioxide at the maximum concentration (1200 ppm) exhibited significant results, with the minimum FAW population following 800 and 400 ppm, respectively. In the 2nd complement of the research, the biological parameters of fall armyworm were assessed under in vitro conditions by feeding larvae with silicon-treated leaves. Results revealed that the larvae survival rate was minimum (36%) at maximum silicon application in comparison to the control (95%). The pupal duration was increased to 13.66 days, compared to the control with 7.66 days. Moreover, the adult longevity was also reduced to 7.67 days and fecundity was reduced to 254 eggs, in comparison to the control with 512 eggs. Silicon had a significant effect on the biology of fall armyworm and its application can be a potential management technique for fall armyworm.https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9976/27/1/23agriculture<i>Spodoptera frugiperda</i>silicon dioxidebiology |
| spellingShingle | Muhammad Adeel Ghafar Muhammad Sufyan Liande Wang Silicon Dioxide (SiO<sub>2</sub>)-Based Defense Induction in Maize against Fall Armyworm (<i>Spodoptera frugiperda</i>) Biology and Life Sciences Forum agriculture <i>Spodoptera frugiperda</i> silicon dioxide biology |
| title | Silicon Dioxide (SiO<sub>2</sub>)-Based Defense Induction in Maize against Fall Armyworm (<i>Spodoptera frugiperda</i>) |
| title_full | Silicon Dioxide (SiO<sub>2</sub>)-Based Defense Induction in Maize against Fall Armyworm (<i>Spodoptera frugiperda</i>) |
| title_fullStr | Silicon Dioxide (SiO<sub>2</sub>)-Based Defense Induction in Maize against Fall Armyworm (<i>Spodoptera frugiperda</i>) |
| title_full_unstemmed | Silicon Dioxide (SiO<sub>2</sub>)-Based Defense Induction in Maize against Fall Armyworm (<i>Spodoptera frugiperda</i>) |
| title_short | Silicon Dioxide (SiO<sub>2</sub>)-Based Defense Induction in Maize against Fall Armyworm (<i>Spodoptera frugiperda</i>) |
| title_sort | silicon dioxide sio sub 2 sub based defense induction in maize against fall armyworm i spodoptera frugiperda i |
| topic | agriculture <i>Spodoptera frugiperda</i> silicon dioxide biology |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9976/27/1/23 |
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