Identification of Gingival Microcirculation Using Laser Doppler Flowmetry in Patients with Orthodontic Treatment—A Longitudinal Pilot Study
<i>Background and Objectives</i>: Orthodontic tooth movement is associated with inflammatory responses. The aim of this study was to identify gingival microcirculation using laser Doppler flowmetry in patients with orthodontic treatment. <i>Materials and Methods</i>: A longit...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-10-01
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| Series: | Medicina |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1648-9144/57/10/1081 |
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| author | Martha Alicia Laredo-Naranjo Nuria Patiño-Marín Gabriel Alejandro Martínez-Castañón Carlo Eduardo Medina-Solís Carolina Velázquez-Hernández Nereyda Niño-Martínez Marco Felipe Salas Orozco |
| author_facet | Martha Alicia Laredo-Naranjo Nuria Patiño-Marín Gabriel Alejandro Martínez-Castañón Carlo Eduardo Medina-Solís Carolina Velázquez-Hernández Nereyda Niño-Martínez Marco Felipe Salas Orozco |
| author_sort | Martha Alicia Laredo-Naranjo |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <i>Background and Objectives</i>: Orthodontic tooth movement is associated with inflammatory responses. The aim of this study was to identify gingival microcirculation using laser Doppler flowmetry in patients with orthodontic treatment. <i>Materials and Methods</i>: A longitudinal pilot study was performed. The participants were selected using a non-probability consecutive sampling. Of the twenty-five subjects, a total of six (four women and two men) complied with the criteria. Before and during the treatment, the oral hygiene index, gingival index, probing depth, level of epithelial attachment, and gingival microcirculation were evaluated with laser Doppler flowmetry (integrated parameters: 1. integrated primary basal flow (IPBF), 2. integrated total secondary real flow (ITSRF), and 3. difference between integration (DBI)) in all of the participants). <i>Results</i>: (a) An increase in gingival blood flow was identified at all time intervals with different arches during orthodontic treatment. (b) The IPBF and ITSRF (with treatment) identified after 20 min (treatment initial stage) were compared with the different time intervals, and we observed an increase in gingival perfusion at the 24th, 48th, and 72nd hours in some arches. (c) In the DBI, we found statistically significant differences (<i>p</i> < 0.005) in the Nitinol group of 0.016 inches among all the time intervals (24 h, 48 h, and 72 h) within the 30-day interval, observing a flow increase three times greater than the basal flow after 30 days. <i>Conclusions</i>: Healthcare professionals must identify the inflammatory processes in treatment to observe and discontinue use of harmful methods in clinical practice. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T06:23:42Z |
| format | Article |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1010-660X 1648-9144 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T06:23:42Z |
| publishDate | 2021-10-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Medicina |
| spelling | doaj.art-1e5782bd16694dda980fb0ea5816dbe12023-11-22T19:04:37ZengMDPI AGMedicina1010-660X1648-91442021-10-015710108110.3390/medicina57101081Identification of Gingival Microcirculation Using Laser Doppler Flowmetry in Patients with Orthodontic Treatment—A Longitudinal Pilot StudyMartha Alicia Laredo-Naranjo0Nuria Patiño-Marín1Gabriel Alejandro Martínez-Castañón2Carlo Eduardo Medina-Solís3Carolina Velázquez-Hernández4Nereyda Niño-Martínez5Marco Felipe Salas Orozco6Clinical Research Laboratory, Program of Doctorate in Dental Sciences, Faculty of Stomatology, Autonomous University of San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí C.P. 78000, MexicoClinical Research Laboratory, Program of Doctorate in Dental Sciences, Faculty of Stomatology, Autonomous University of San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí C.P. 78000, MexicoClinical Research Laboratory, Program of Doctorate in Dental Sciences, Faculty of Stomatology, Autonomous University of San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí C.P. 78000, MexicoAcademic Area of Dentistry, Health Sciences Institute, Autonomous University of Hidalgo State, Pachuca C.P 42000, MexicoClinical Research Laboratory, Program of Doctorate in Dental Sciences, Faculty of Stomatology, Autonomous University of San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí C.P. 78000, MexicoMaterials Characterization Laboratory, Program of Doctorate in Dental Sciences, Faculty of Science, Autonomous University of San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí C.P. 78000, MexicoClinical Research Laboratory, Program of Doctorate in Dental Sciences, Faculty of Stomatology, Autonomous University of San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí C.P. 78000, Mexico<i>Background and Objectives</i>: Orthodontic tooth movement is associated with inflammatory responses. The aim of this study was to identify gingival microcirculation using laser Doppler flowmetry in patients with orthodontic treatment. <i>Materials and Methods</i>: A longitudinal pilot study was performed. The participants were selected using a non-probability consecutive sampling. Of the twenty-five subjects, a total of six (four women and two men) complied with the criteria. Before and during the treatment, the oral hygiene index, gingival index, probing depth, level of epithelial attachment, and gingival microcirculation were evaluated with laser Doppler flowmetry (integrated parameters: 1. integrated primary basal flow (IPBF), 2. integrated total secondary real flow (ITSRF), and 3. difference between integration (DBI)) in all of the participants). <i>Results</i>: (a) An increase in gingival blood flow was identified at all time intervals with different arches during orthodontic treatment. (b) The IPBF and ITSRF (with treatment) identified after 20 min (treatment initial stage) were compared with the different time intervals, and we observed an increase in gingival perfusion at the 24th, 48th, and 72nd hours in some arches. (c) In the DBI, we found statistically significant differences (<i>p</i> < 0.005) in the Nitinol group of 0.016 inches among all the time intervals (24 h, 48 h, and 72 h) within the 30-day interval, observing a flow increase three times greater than the basal flow after 30 days. <i>Conclusions</i>: Healthcare professionals must identify the inflammatory processes in treatment to observe and discontinue use of harmful methods in clinical practice.https://www.mdpi.com/1648-9144/57/10/1081gingival microcirculationlaser-doppler flowmetryorthodontic treatment |
| spellingShingle | Martha Alicia Laredo-Naranjo Nuria Patiño-Marín Gabriel Alejandro Martínez-Castañón Carlo Eduardo Medina-Solís Carolina Velázquez-Hernández Nereyda Niño-Martínez Marco Felipe Salas Orozco Identification of Gingival Microcirculation Using Laser Doppler Flowmetry in Patients with Orthodontic Treatment—A Longitudinal Pilot Study Medicina gingival microcirculation laser-doppler flowmetry orthodontic treatment |
| title | Identification of Gingival Microcirculation Using Laser Doppler Flowmetry in Patients with Orthodontic Treatment—A Longitudinal Pilot Study |
| title_full | Identification of Gingival Microcirculation Using Laser Doppler Flowmetry in Patients with Orthodontic Treatment—A Longitudinal Pilot Study |
| title_fullStr | Identification of Gingival Microcirculation Using Laser Doppler Flowmetry in Patients with Orthodontic Treatment—A Longitudinal Pilot Study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Identification of Gingival Microcirculation Using Laser Doppler Flowmetry in Patients with Orthodontic Treatment—A Longitudinal Pilot Study |
| title_short | Identification of Gingival Microcirculation Using Laser Doppler Flowmetry in Patients with Orthodontic Treatment—A Longitudinal Pilot Study |
| title_sort | identification of gingival microcirculation using laser doppler flowmetry in patients with orthodontic treatment a longitudinal pilot study |
| topic | gingival microcirculation laser-doppler flowmetry orthodontic treatment |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1648-9144/57/10/1081 |
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