The Impact of Different Biotopes and Management Practices on the Burden of Parasites in Artificial Nests of <em>Osmia</em> spp. (Megachilidae) Bees
The decline in pollinator insect abundance and diversity is increasing on a global scale. Major threats are the byproducts of numerous negative environmental pressures acting individually or in combination. They vary throughout different geographical areas, affecting the solitary bees differently. O...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2022-03-01
|
| Series: | Diversity |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-2818/14/3/226 |
| _version_ | 1797471911126499328 |
|---|---|
| author | Ivana Tlak Gajger Ivana Laklija Mirko Jurković Anja Košćević Showket Ahmad Dar Marija Ševar |
| author_facet | Ivana Tlak Gajger Ivana Laklija Mirko Jurković Anja Košćević Showket Ahmad Dar Marija Ševar |
| author_sort | Ivana Tlak Gajger |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The decline in pollinator insect abundance and diversity is increasing on a global scale. Major threats are the byproducts of numerous negative environmental pressures acting individually or in combination. They vary throughout different geographical areas, affecting the solitary bees differently. One of the most important negative pressures are the many parasites, predators and pests representing a threat to the successful reproduction of solitary bees in artificial nests. Especially vulnerable are the managed <i>Osmia</i> spp. bee populations reared for commercialization and trade. The primary goals of our monitoring study were: (i) to examine the presence and the prevalence of brood parasites in the various types of bees’ nesting material and in semi-field rearing conditions using the nest section analyses; (ii) to determine the presence of <i>Nosema</i> spp. in samples of feces and homogenized bee abdomens using a multiplex PCR method; (iii) the evaluation of the survival success level and emergence mass of healthy bees at each of the four studied bee rearing locations separately, depending on different environments and on the implementation of different managing practices. We determined the presence and prevalence of nest destructor parasites and accompanying fauna. Their presence was positively correlated with bee rearing failures. The results of this study may be used as a baseline for further solitary bee nest parasites monitoring schemes. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T19:55:44Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-1e640464b6374bb4a1bdbde5c62d6ee2 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1424-2818 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T19:55:44Z |
| publishDate | 2022-03-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Diversity |
| spelling | doaj.art-1e640464b6374bb4a1bdbde5c62d6ee22023-11-24T00:57:55ZengMDPI AGDiversity1424-28182022-03-0114322610.3390/d14030226The Impact of Different Biotopes and Management Practices on the Burden of Parasites in Artificial Nests of <em>Osmia</em> spp. (Megachilidae) BeesIvana Tlak Gajger0Ivana Laklija1Mirko Jurković2Anja Košćević3Showket Ahmad Dar4Marija Ševar5Department for Biology and Pathology of Fish and Bees, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, CroatiaDepartment for Biology and Pathology of Fish and Bees, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, CroatiaDepartment for Biology and Pathology of Fish and Bees, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, CroatiaDepartment for Biology and Pathology of Fish and Bees, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, CroatiaDivision of Agricultural Entomology, KVK-Kargil II, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, Srinagar 191111, IndiaMinistry of Agriculture, 10000 Zagreb, CroatiaThe decline in pollinator insect abundance and diversity is increasing on a global scale. Major threats are the byproducts of numerous negative environmental pressures acting individually or in combination. They vary throughout different geographical areas, affecting the solitary bees differently. One of the most important negative pressures are the many parasites, predators and pests representing a threat to the successful reproduction of solitary bees in artificial nests. Especially vulnerable are the managed <i>Osmia</i> spp. bee populations reared for commercialization and trade. The primary goals of our monitoring study were: (i) to examine the presence and the prevalence of brood parasites in the various types of bees’ nesting material and in semi-field rearing conditions using the nest section analyses; (ii) to determine the presence of <i>Nosema</i> spp. in samples of feces and homogenized bee abdomens using a multiplex PCR method; (iii) the evaluation of the survival success level and emergence mass of healthy bees at each of the four studied bee rearing locations separately, depending on different environments and on the implementation of different managing practices. We determined the presence and prevalence of nest destructor parasites and accompanying fauna. Their presence was positively correlated with bee rearing failures. The results of this study may be used as a baseline for further solitary bee nest parasites monitoring schemes.https://www.mdpi.com/1424-2818/14/3/226<i>Osmia cornuta</i><i>Osmia rufa</i>biotopesemi-field conditionsartificial nestssection analysis parasites |
| spellingShingle | Ivana Tlak Gajger Ivana Laklija Mirko Jurković Anja Košćević Showket Ahmad Dar Marija Ševar The Impact of Different Biotopes and Management Practices on the Burden of Parasites in Artificial Nests of <em>Osmia</em> spp. (Megachilidae) Bees Diversity <i>Osmia cornuta</i> <i>Osmia rufa</i> biotope semi-field conditions artificial nests section analysis parasites |
| title | The Impact of Different Biotopes and Management Practices on the Burden of Parasites in Artificial Nests of <em>Osmia</em> spp. (Megachilidae) Bees |
| title_full | The Impact of Different Biotopes and Management Practices on the Burden of Parasites in Artificial Nests of <em>Osmia</em> spp. (Megachilidae) Bees |
| title_fullStr | The Impact of Different Biotopes and Management Practices on the Burden of Parasites in Artificial Nests of <em>Osmia</em> spp. (Megachilidae) Bees |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Impact of Different Biotopes and Management Practices on the Burden of Parasites in Artificial Nests of <em>Osmia</em> spp. (Megachilidae) Bees |
| title_short | The Impact of Different Biotopes and Management Practices on the Burden of Parasites in Artificial Nests of <em>Osmia</em> spp. (Megachilidae) Bees |
| title_sort | impact of different biotopes and management practices on the burden of parasites in artificial nests of em osmia em spp megachilidae bees |
| topic | <i>Osmia cornuta</i> <i>Osmia rufa</i> biotope semi-field conditions artificial nests section analysis parasites |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-2818/14/3/226 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT ivanatlakgajger theimpactofdifferentbiotopesandmanagementpracticesontheburdenofparasitesinartificialnestsofemosmiaemsppmegachilidaebees AT ivanalaklija theimpactofdifferentbiotopesandmanagementpracticesontheburdenofparasitesinartificialnestsofemosmiaemsppmegachilidaebees AT mirkojurkovic theimpactofdifferentbiotopesandmanagementpracticesontheburdenofparasitesinartificialnestsofemosmiaemsppmegachilidaebees AT anjakoscevic theimpactofdifferentbiotopesandmanagementpracticesontheburdenofparasitesinartificialnestsofemosmiaemsppmegachilidaebees AT showketahmaddar theimpactofdifferentbiotopesandmanagementpracticesontheburdenofparasitesinartificialnestsofemosmiaemsppmegachilidaebees AT marijasevar theimpactofdifferentbiotopesandmanagementpracticesontheburdenofparasitesinartificialnestsofemosmiaemsppmegachilidaebees AT ivanatlakgajger impactofdifferentbiotopesandmanagementpracticesontheburdenofparasitesinartificialnestsofemosmiaemsppmegachilidaebees AT ivanalaklija impactofdifferentbiotopesandmanagementpracticesontheburdenofparasitesinartificialnestsofemosmiaemsppmegachilidaebees AT mirkojurkovic impactofdifferentbiotopesandmanagementpracticesontheburdenofparasitesinartificialnestsofemosmiaemsppmegachilidaebees AT anjakoscevic impactofdifferentbiotopesandmanagementpracticesontheburdenofparasitesinartificialnestsofemosmiaemsppmegachilidaebees AT showketahmaddar impactofdifferentbiotopesandmanagementpracticesontheburdenofparasitesinartificialnestsofemosmiaemsppmegachilidaebees AT marijasevar impactofdifferentbiotopesandmanagementpracticesontheburdenofparasitesinartificialnestsofemosmiaemsppmegachilidaebees |