Diverse immune responses in vaccinated individuals with and without symptoms after omicron exposure during the recent outbreak in Guangzhou, China
Objectives: During the recent wave of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infections in China, most individuals have been vaccinated and exposed to the omicron variant. In the present study, two cohorts were observed in the vaccinated population: vaccinated individuals with symptoms (VIWS) and those...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2024-01-01
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| Series: | Heliyon |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405844024000616 |
| _version_ | 1797328712338767872 |
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| author | Ming Gao Xiaomin Xing Wenbiao Hao Xulei Zhang Kexin Zhong Canhui Lu Xilong Deng Lei Yu |
| author_facet | Ming Gao Xiaomin Xing Wenbiao Hao Xulei Zhang Kexin Zhong Canhui Lu Xilong Deng Lei Yu |
| author_sort | Ming Gao |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Objectives: During the recent wave of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infections in China, most individuals have been vaccinated and exposed to the omicron variant. In the present study, two cohorts were observed in the vaccinated population: vaccinated individuals with symptoms (VIWS) and those without symptoms (VIWOS). Our study aimed to characterize the antibody response in two cohorts: VIWS and VIWOS. Methods: A questionnaire survey was conducted in the community. Blood and saliva samples were collected from 124 individuals in the VIWS and VIWOS cohorts. Capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was performed to detect severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) specific antibodies. Results: The questionnaire survey revealed that 30.0 % (302/1005) of individuals in the older adult group (≥65 years) experienced no symptoms, whereas the rate of individuals without symptoms in the younger group (<65 years) was 17.8 % (166/932). Nucleocapsid (N)-specific IgM (N-IgM) was detected in the blood samples at a rate of 69.2 % (54/78) in the VIWS cohort. The positivity rate for N-specific IgA (N-IgA) was 93.6 % (73/78). In addition, the positivity rates of spike (S)-specific IgA (S-IgA) and N-IgA detected in saliva samples were 42 % (21/50) and 54 % (27/50), respectively. Both N-IgA positivity and negativity were observed in the VIWOS cohort. The detection rate of N-IgM positivity was 57.1 % (12/21) in the N-IgA-positive group. In addition, 54.3 % (25/46) of the vaccinated individuals without symptoms were IgA-negative. Conclusions: Our study indicates that substantial N-specific antibodies were induced during omicron infection and that testing for N-IgA in both blood and saliva may aid in the diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 infection in vaccinated populations. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-08T06:55:38Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-1e719e41ead14f2498cf6cc13477682c |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2405-8440 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-08T06:55:38Z |
| publishDate | 2024-01-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Heliyon |
| spelling | doaj.art-1e719e41ead14f2498cf6cc13477682c2024-02-03T06:36:05ZengElsevierHeliyon2405-84402024-01-01102e24030Diverse immune responses in vaccinated individuals with and without symptoms after omicron exposure during the recent outbreak in Guangzhou, ChinaMing Gao0Xiaomin Xing1Wenbiao Hao2Xulei Zhang3Kexin Zhong4Canhui Lu5Xilong Deng6Lei Yu7Institute of Infectious Diseases, Guangzhou Eighth People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510060, ChinaInstitute of Infectious Diseases, Guangzhou Eighth People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510060, ChinaInstitute of Infectious Diseases, Guangzhou Eighth People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510060, ChinaInstitute of Infectious Diseases, Guangzhou Eighth People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510060, ChinaInstitute of Infectious Diseases, Guangzhou Eighth People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510060, ChinaJiahe Community Health Service Center of Baiyun District, Guangzhou 510440, ChinaInstitute of Infectious Diseases, Guangzhou Eighth People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510060, China; Corresponding author. Guangzhou Eighth People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, No.8 Huaying Road, Jiahe Street, Baiyun District, Guangzhou 510440, China.Institute of Infectious Diseases, Guangzhou Eighth People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510060, China; Corresponding author. Guangzhou Eighth People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, No.8 Huaying Road, Jiahe Street, Baiyun District, Guangzhou 510440, China.Objectives: During the recent wave of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infections in China, most individuals have been vaccinated and exposed to the omicron variant. In the present study, two cohorts were observed in the vaccinated population: vaccinated individuals with symptoms (VIWS) and those without symptoms (VIWOS). Our study aimed to characterize the antibody response in two cohorts: VIWS and VIWOS. Methods: A questionnaire survey was conducted in the community. Blood and saliva samples were collected from 124 individuals in the VIWS and VIWOS cohorts. Capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was performed to detect severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) specific antibodies. Results: The questionnaire survey revealed that 30.0 % (302/1005) of individuals in the older adult group (≥65 years) experienced no symptoms, whereas the rate of individuals without symptoms in the younger group (<65 years) was 17.8 % (166/932). Nucleocapsid (N)-specific IgM (N-IgM) was detected in the blood samples at a rate of 69.2 % (54/78) in the VIWS cohort. The positivity rate for N-specific IgA (N-IgA) was 93.6 % (73/78). In addition, the positivity rates of spike (S)-specific IgA (S-IgA) and N-IgA detected in saliva samples were 42 % (21/50) and 54 % (27/50), respectively. Both N-IgA positivity and negativity were observed in the VIWOS cohort. The detection rate of N-IgM positivity was 57.1 % (12/21) in the N-IgA-positive group. In addition, 54.3 % (25/46) of the vaccinated individuals without symptoms were IgA-negative. Conclusions: Our study indicates that substantial N-specific antibodies were induced during omicron infection and that testing for N-IgA in both blood and saliva may aid in the diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 infection in vaccinated populations.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405844024000616Breakthrough infectionsDiagnosisIgAIgMNucleocapsidSevere acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 |
| spellingShingle | Ming Gao Xiaomin Xing Wenbiao Hao Xulei Zhang Kexin Zhong Canhui Lu Xilong Deng Lei Yu Diverse immune responses in vaccinated individuals with and without symptoms after omicron exposure during the recent outbreak in Guangzhou, China Heliyon Breakthrough infections Diagnosis IgA IgM Nucleocapsid Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 |
| title | Diverse immune responses in vaccinated individuals with and without symptoms after omicron exposure during the recent outbreak in Guangzhou, China |
| title_full | Diverse immune responses in vaccinated individuals with and without symptoms after omicron exposure during the recent outbreak in Guangzhou, China |
| title_fullStr | Diverse immune responses in vaccinated individuals with and without symptoms after omicron exposure during the recent outbreak in Guangzhou, China |
| title_full_unstemmed | Diverse immune responses in vaccinated individuals with and without symptoms after omicron exposure during the recent outbreak in Guangzhou, China |
| title_short | Diverse immune responses in vaccinated individuals with and without symptoms after omicron exposure during the recent outbreak in Guangzhou, China |
| title_sort | diverse immune responses in vaccinated individuals with and without symptoms after omicron exposure during the recent outbreak in guangzhou china |
| topic | Breakthrough infections Diagnosis IgA IgM Nucleocapsid Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405844024000616 |
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