Rare delayed cardiac tamponade in a pig after cardiac surgery
Abstract Objective Delayed cardiac tamponade, a life‐threatening complication of pericardial effusion in humans, has rarely been described in large animal models. We report here a pig with cardiac tamponade that developed 29 days after cardiac surgery. Study Design Case report. Animals One 45‐kg dom...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2022-09-01
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| Series: | Veterinary Medicine and Science |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1002/vms3.892 |
| _version_ | 1828172556161515520 |
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| author | Ke Li Ana Maria Segura Junping Sun Qi Chen Jie Cheng Emerson C. Perin Abdelmotagaly Elgalad |
| author_facet | Ke Li Ana Maria Segura Junping Sun Qi Chen Jie Cheng Emerson C. Perin Abdelmotagaly Elgalad |
| author_sort | Ke Li |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Objective Delayed cardiac tamponade, a life‐threatening complication of pericardial effusion in humans, has rarely been described in large animal models. We report here a pig with cardiac tamponade that developed 29 days after cardiac surgery. Study Design Case report. Animals One 45‐kg domestic pig. Methods Open‐chest surgery was performed on a pig to induce chronic heart failure. At 15 days after surgery, the pig's breathing appeared laboured; induced heart failure was considered the cause. Routine heart failure medications were administered. Results On day 28, the pig's status deteriorated. On day 29, echocardiography performed just before the pig's death showed a large pericardial effusion, mainly in the lateral and anterior walls of the right heart, with several fibre exudation bands. The right heart was severely compressed with an extremely small right ventricle. An emergency sternotomy was unsuccessful. Pathologic examination showed a severely thickened, fibrous pericardium. The pericardial sac was distended (up to 4.5 cm) and was full of dark brown, soft, friable material. Epicardial haemorrhage with a fresh, organised thrombus was noted in the pericardium. Conclusion Delayed tamponade occurring at least 15 days after open‐chest surgery is easy to misdiagnose or overlook in large animal models where attention is often focused on primary pathological model changes. To decrease mortality in animal models, researchers should be aware of potential complications and use the same level of follow‐up monitoring of large animals as in clinical care. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-12T03:42:53Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-1e7e2aeeea4d46169b08fbbd9227cdc5 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2053-1095 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-12T03:42:53Z |
| publishDate | 2022-09-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Veterinary Medicine and Science |
| spelling | doaj.art-1e7e2aeeea4d46169b08fbbd9227cdc52022-12-22T03:49:13ZengWileyVeterinary Medicine and Science2053-10952022-09-01851965196810.1002/vms3.892Rare delayed cardiac tamponade in a pig after cardiac surgeryKe Li0Ana Maria Segura1Junping Sun2Qi Chen3Jie Cheng4Emerson C. Perin5Abdelmotagaly Elgalad6Center for Preclinical Surgical and Interventional Research Texas Heart Institute Houston Texas USADepartment of Cardiovascular Pathology Texas Heart Institute Houston Texas USAElectrophysiology Basic Research Texas Heart Institute Houston Texas USAElectrophysiology Basic Research Texas Heart Institute Houston Texas USAElectrophysiology Basic Research Texas Heart Institute Houston Texas USACenter for Clinical Research Texas Heart Institute Houston Texas USACenter for Preclinical Surgical and Interventional Research Texas Heart Institute Houston Texas USAAbstract Objective Delayed cardiac tamponade, a life‐threatening complication of pericardial effusion in humans, has rarely been described in large animal models. We report here a pig with cardiac tamponade that developed 29 days after cardiac surgery. Study Design Case report. Animals One 45‐kg domestic pig. Methods Open‐chest surgery was performed on a pig to induce chronic heart failure. At 15 days after surgery, the pig's breathing appeared laboured; induced heart failure was considered the cause. Routine heart failure medications were administered. Results On day 28, the pig's status deteriorated. On day 29, echocardiography performed just before the pig's death showed a large pericardial effusion, mainly in the lateral and anterior walls of the right heart, with several fibre exudation bands. The right heart was severely compressed with an extremely small right ventricle. An emergency sternotomy was unsuccessful. Pathologic examination showed a severely thickened, fibrous pericardium. The pericardial sac was distended (up to 4.5 cm) and was full of dark brown, soft, friable material. Epicardial haemorrhage with a fresh, organised thrombus was noted in the pericardium. Conclusion Delayed tamponade occurring at least 15 days after open‐chest surgery is easy to misdiagnose or overlook in large animal models where attention is often focused on primary pathological model changes. To decrease mortality in animal models, researchers should be aware of potential complications and use the same level of follow‐up monitoring of large animals as in clinical care.https://doi.org/10.1002/vms3.892animal modelscardiac tamponadepericardial effusionpostoperative complication |
| spellingShingle | Ke Li Ana Maria Segura Junping Sun Qi Chen Jie Cheng Emerson C. Perin Abdelmotagaly Elgalad Rare delayed cardiac tamponade in a pig after cardiac surgery Veterinary Medicine and Science animal models cardiac tamponade pericardial effusion postoperative complication |
| title | Rare delayed cardiac tamponade in a pig after cardiac surgery |
| title_full | Rare delayed cardiac tamponade in a pig after cardiac surgery |
| title_fullStr | Rare delayed cardiac tamponade in a pig after cardiac surgery |
| title_full_unstemmed | Rare delayed cardiac tamponade in a pig after cardiac surgery |
| title_short | Rare delayed cardiac tamponade in a pig after cardiac surgery |
| title_sort | rare delayed cardiac tamponade in a pig after cardiac surgery |
| topic | animal models cardiac tamponade pericardial effusion postoperative complication |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1002/vms3.892 |
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