Substance use and pre-hospital crash injury severity among U.S. older adults: A five-year national cross-sectional study.
<h4>Background</h4>Alcohol and drug use (substance use) is a risk factor for crash involvement.<h4>Objectives</h4>To assess the association between substance use and crash injury severity among older adults and how the relationship differs by rurality/urbanicity.<h4>Met...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Public Library of Science (PLoS)
2023-01-01
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| Series: | PLoS ONE |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0293138 |
| _version_ | 1797647734100983808 |
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| author | Oluwaseun Adeyemi Marko Bukur Cherisse Berry Charles DiMaggio Corita R Grudzen Sanjit Konda Abidemi Adenikinju Allison Cuthel Jean-Baptiste Bouillon-Minois Omotola Akinsola Alison Moore Ryan McCormack Joshua Chodosh |
| author_facet | Oluwaseun Adeyemi Marko Bukur Cherisse Berry Charles DiMaggio Corita R Grudzen Sanjit Konda Abidemi Adenikinju Allison Cuthel Jean-Baptiste Bouillon-Minois Omotola Akinsola Alison Moore Ryan McCormack Joshua Chodosh |
| author_sort | Oluwaseun Adeyemi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <h4>Background</h4>Alcohol and drug use (substance use) is a risk factor for crash involvement.<h4>Objectives</h4>To assess the association between substance use and crash injury severity among older adults and how the relationship differs by rurality/urbanicity.<h4>Methods</h4>We pooled 2017-2021 cross-sectional data from the United States National Emergency Medical Service (EMS) Information System. We measured injury severity (low acuity, emergent, critical, and fatal) predicted by substance use, defined as self-reported or officer-reported alcohol and/or drug use. We controlled for age, sex, race/ethnicity, road user type, anatomical injured region, roadway crash, rurality/urbanicity, time of the day, and EMS response time. We performed a partial proportional ordinal logistic regression and reported the odds of worse injury outcomes (emergent, critical, and fatal injuries) compared to low acuity injuries, and the predicted probabilities by rurality/urbanicity.<h4>Results</h4>Our sample consisted of 252,790 older adults (65 years and older) road users. Approximately 67%, 25%, 6%, and 1% sustained low acuity, emergent, critical, and fatal injuries, respectively. Substance use was reported in approximately 3% of the population, and this proportion did not significantly differ by rurality/urbanicity. After controlling for patient, crash, and injury characteristics, substance use was associated with 36% increased odds of worse injury severity. Compared to urban areas, the predicted probabilities of emergent, critical, and fatal injuries were higher in rural and suburban areas.<h4>Conclusion</h4>Substance use is associated with worse older adult crash injury severity and the injury severity is higher in rural and suburban areas compared to urban areas. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T15:21:45Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-1e82a23ff4bf44879d22fb5301a8d881 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1932-6203 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T15:21:45Z |
| publishDate | 2023-01-01 |
| publisher | Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
| record_format | Article |
| series | PLoS ONE |
| spelling | doaj.art-1e82a23ff4bf44879d22fb5301a8d8812023-10-28T05:31:33ZengPublic Library of Science (PLoS)PLoS ONE1932-62032023-01-011810e029313810.1371/journal.pone.0293138Substance use and pre-hospital crash injury severity among U.S. older adults: A five-year national cross-sectional study.Oluwaseun AdeyemiMarko BukurCherisse BerryCharles DiMaggioCorita R GrudzenSanjit KondaAbidemi AdenikinjuAllison CuthelJean-Baptiste Bouillon-MinoisOmotola AkinsolaAlison MooreRyan McCormackJoshua Chodosh<h4>Background</h4>Alcohol and drug use (substance use) is a risk factor for crash involvement.<h4>Objectives</h4>To assess the association between substance use and crash injury severity among older adults and how the relationship differs by rurality/urbanicity.<h4>Methods</h4>We pooled 2017-2021 cross-sectional data from the United States National Emergency Medical Service (EMS) Information System. We measured injury severity (low acuity, emergent, critical, and fatal) predicted by substance use, defined as self-reported or officer-reported alcohol and/or drug use. We controlled for age, sex, race/ethnicity, road user type, anatomical injured region, roadway crash, rurality/urbanicity, time of the day, and EMS response time. We performed a partial proportional ordinal logistic regression and reported the odds of worse injury outcomes (emergent, critical, and fatal injuries) compared to low acuity injuries, and the predicted probabilities by rurality/urbanicity.<h4>Results</h4>Our sample consisted of 252,790 older adults (65 years and older) road users. Approximately 67%, 25%, 6%, and 1% sustained low acuity, emergent, critical, and fatal injuries, respectively. Substance use was reported in approximately 3% of the population, and this proportion did not significantly differ by rurality/urbanicity. After controlling for patient, crash, and injury characteristics, substance use was associated with 36% increased odds of worse injury severity. Compared to urban areas, the predicted probabilities of emergent, critical, and fatal injuries were higher in rural and suburban areas.<h4>Conclusion</h4>Substance use is associated with worse older adult crash injury severity and the injury severity is higher in rural and suburban areas compared to urban areas.https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0293138 |
| spellingShingle | Oluwaseun Adeyemi Marko Bukur Cherisse Berry Charles DiMaggio Corita R Grudzen Sanjit Konda Abidemi Adenikinju Allison Cuthel Jean-Baptiste Bouillon-Minois Omotola Akinsola Alison Moore Ryan McCormack Joshua Chodosh Substance use and pre-hospital crash injury severity among U.S. older adults: A five-year national cross-sectional study. PLoS ONE |
| title | Substance use and pre-hospital crash injury severity among U.S. older adults: A five-year national cross-sectional study. |
| title_full | Substance use and pre-hospital crash injury severity among U.S. older adults: A five-year national cross-sectional study. |
| title_fullStr | Substance use and pre-hospital crash injury severity among U.S. older adults: A five-year national cross-sectional study. |
| title_full_unstemmed | Substance use and pre-hospital crash injury severity among U.S. older adults: A five-year national cross-sectional study. |
| title_short | Substance use and pre-hospital crash injury severity among U.S. older adults: A five-year national cross-sectional study. |
| title_sort | substance use and pre hospital crash injury severity among u s older adults a five year national cross sectional study |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0293138 |
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