Nutrient patterns and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in Iranian Adul: A case-control study
BackgroundsThe current literature boasts the importance of diet in preventing or managing liver complications. However, there is limited evidence on the association of nutrient patterns (NP) with these complications. In this case-control study, we aimed to examine the possible relationship between n...
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| Format: | Article |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2022-09-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Nutrition |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnut.2022.977403/full |
| _version_ | 1811211009283588096 |
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| author | Ammar Salehi-sahlabadi Farshad Teymoori Farshad Teymoori Hamid Ahmadirad Ebrahim Mokhtari Mina Azadi Shaikh Sanjid Seraj Azita Hekmatdoost |
| author_facet | Ammar Salehi-sahlabadi Farshad Teymoori Farshad Teymoori Hamid Ahmadirad Ebrahim Mokhtari Mina Azadi Shaikh Sanjid Seraj Azita Hekmatdoost |
| author_sort | Ammar Salehi-sahlabadi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | BackgroundsThe current literature boasts the importance of diet in preventing or managing liver complications. However, there is limited evidence on the association of nutrient patterns (NP) with these complications. In this case-control study, we aimed to examine the possible relationship between nutrient patterns and the risk of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) amongst the adult Iranian population.MethodsThis case-control study is being conducted at the Metabolic Liver Disease Research Center at Isfahan University of Medical Sciences in 2019. The study included 225 newly diagnosed cases of NAFLD and 450 controls. A validated semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) assessed dietary intake. Principal component analysis using Varimax rotation obtained nutrient patterns. Logistic regression was performed to estimate NAFLD risk.ResultsWe identified four major nutrient patterns. The first nutrient pattern was high in consumption of lactose, animal protein, vitamin D, riboflavin, pantothenic acid, vitamin B12, calcium, phosphorus, zinc, and potassium. The second nutrient pattern included fiber, plant protein, vitamin A, thiamine, niacin, copper, and selenium, while the third featured plant protein, zinc, copper, magnesium, manganese, chromium, and selenium. The fourth was characterized by fructose, vitamin A, pyridoxine, vitamin C, and potassium. After adjusting for confounders, individuals in the highest tertile of NP4 had lower odds of NAFLD (OR: 0.56, 95% CI: 0.32–0.98, P_trend = 0.042); compared to those who were in the lowest tertile.ConclusionHigh compliance to a nutrient pattern characterized by fructose, vitamin C, vitamin A, pyridoxine, and potassium mainly supplied from fruits, vegetables, and nuts is inversely proportional to the odds of NAFLD. Also our findings indicate a very high fiber intake, a relatively optimal dietary fat profile, and a pretty low sugar intake for cases and controls, unseen in western countries. However, these initial findings need to be approved with further studies to confirm the relationship between nutrient patterns and NAFLD. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-12T05:05:45Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-1e8666a0d9a34bf8a35e08d73a41cfb8 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2296-861X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-12T05:05:45Z |
| publishDate | 2022-09-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Nutrition |
| spelling | doaj.art-1e8666a0d9a34bf8a35e08d73a41cfb82022-12-22T03:46:53ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Nutrition2296-861X2022-09-01910.3389/fnut.2022.977403977403Nutrient patterns and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in Iranian Adul: A case-control studyAmmar Salehi-sahlabadi0Farshad Teymoori1Farshad Teymoori2Hamid Ahmadirad3Ebrahim Mokhtari4Mina Azadi5Shaikh Sanjid Seraj6Azita Hekmatdoost7Student Research Committee, Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IranNutrition and Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Science, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IranDepartment of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IranNutrition and Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Science, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IranNutrition and Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Science, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IranDepartment of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IranWalsall Healthcare NHS Trust, Walsall Manor Hospital, West Midlands, Walsall, United KingdomDepartment of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology, Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IranBackgroundsThe current literature boasts the importance of diet in preventing or managing liver complications. However, there is limited evidence on the association of nutrient patterns (NP) with these complications. In this case-control study, we aimed to examine the possible relationship between nutrient patterns and the risk of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) amongst the adult Iranian population.MethodsThis case-control study is being conducted at the Metabolic Liver Disease Research Center at Isfahan University of Medical Sciences in 2019. The study included 225 newly diagnosed cases of NAFLD and 450 controls. A validated semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) assessed dietary intake. Principal component analysis using Varimax rotation obtained nutrient patterns. Logistic regression was performed to estimate NAFLD risk.ResultsWe identified four major nutrient patterns. The first nutrient pattern was high in consumption of lactose, animal protein, vitamin D, riboflavin, pantothenic acid, vitamin B12, calcium, phosphorus, zinc, and potassium. The second nutrient pattern included fiber, plant protein, vitamin A, thiamine, niacin, copper, and selenium, while the third featured plant protein, zinc, copper, magnesium, manganese, chromium, and selenium. The fourth was characterized by fructose, vitamin A, pyridoxine, vitamin C, and potassium. After adjusting for confounders, individuals in the highest tertile of NP4 had lower odds of NAFLD (OR: 0.56, 95% CI: 0.32–0.98, P_trend = 0.042); compared to those who were in the lowest tertile.ConclusionHigh compliance to a nutrient pattern characterized by fructose, vitamin C, vitamin A, pyridoxine, and potassium mainly supplied from fruits, vegetables, and nuts is inversely proportional to the odds of NAFLD. Also our findings indicate a very high fiber intake, a relatively optimal dietary fat profile, and a pretty low sugar intake for cases and controls, unseen in western countries. However, these initial findings need to be approved with further studies to confirm the relationship between nutrient patterns and NAFLD.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnut.2022.977403/fullnutrient patternsnon-alcoholic fatty liver diseaseNAFLDpatterndiet |
| spellingShingle | Ammar Salehi-sahlabadi Farshad Teymoori Farshad Teymoori Hamid Ahmadirad Ebrahim Mokhtari Mina Azadi Shaikh Sanjid Seraj Azita Hekmatdoost Nutrient patterns and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in Iranian Adul: A case-control study Frontiers in Nutrition nutrient patterns non-alcoholic fatty liver disease NAFLD pattern diet |
| title | Nutrient patterns and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in Iranian Adul: A case-control study |
| title_full | Nutrient patterns and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in Iranian Adul: A case-control study |
| title_fullStr | Nutrient patterns and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in Iranian Adul: A case-control study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Nutrient patterns and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in Iranian Adul: A case-control study |
| title_short | Nutrient patterns and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in Iranian Adul: A case-control study |
| title_sort | nutrient patterns and non alcoholic fatty liver disease in iranian adul a case control study |
| topic | nutrient patterns non-alcoholic fatty liver disease NAFLD pattern diet |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnut.2022.977403/full |
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