Baseline Mapping of Schistosomiasis and Soil Transmitted Helminthiasis in the Northern and Eastern Health Regions of Gabon, Central Africa: Recommendations for Preventive Chemotherapy
In order to follow the Preventive Chemotherapy (PC) for the transmission control as recommended by WHO, Gabon initiated in 2014 the mapping of Schistosomiasis and Soil Transmitted Helminthiasis (STH). Here, we report the results of the Northern and Eastern health regions, representing a third of the...
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MDPI AG
2018-11-01
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| Series: | Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2414-6366/3/4/119 |
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| author | Rodrigue Mintsa Nguema Jacques F. Mavoungou Krystina Mengue Me Ngou-Milama Modeste Mabicka Mamfoumbi Aubin A. Koumba Mariama Sani Lamine Abdoulaye Diarra Ghislaine Nkone Asseko Jean R. Mourou Marielle K. Bouyou Akotet Hélène Moné Gabriel Mouahid Julienne Atsame |
| author_facet | Rodrigue Mintsa Nguema Jacques F. Mavoungou Krystina Mengue Me Ngou-Milama Modeste Mabicka Mamfoumbi Aubin A. Koumba Mariama Sani Lamine Abdoulaye Diarra Ghislaine Nkone Asseko Jean R. Mourou Marielle K. Bouyou Akotet Hélène Moné Gabriel Mouahid Julienne Atsame |
| author_sort | Rodrigue Mintsa Nguema |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In order to follow the Preventive Chemotherapy (PC) for the transmission control as recommended by WHO, Gabon initiated in 2014 the mapping of Schistosomiasis and Soil Transmitted Helminthiasis (STH). Here, we report the results of the Northern and Eastern health regions, representing a third of the land area and 12% of its total population. All nine departments of the two regions were surveyed and from each, five schools were examined with 50 schoolchildren per school. The parasitological examinations were realized using the filtration method for urine and the Kato-Katz technique for stool samples. Overall 2245 schoolchildren (1116 girls and 1129 boys), mean aged 11.28 ± 0.04 years, were examined. Combined schistosomiasis and STH affected 1270 (56.6%) with variation between regions, departments, and schools. For schistosomiasis, prevalence were 1.7% across the two regions, with no significant difference (<i>p</i> > 0.05) between the Northern (1.5%) and the Eastern (1.9%). Schistosomiasis is mainly caused by <i>Schistosoma haematobium</i> with the exception of one respective case of <i>S. mansoni</i> and <i>S. guineensis</i>. STH are more common than schistosomiasis, with an overall prevalence of 56.1% significantly different between the Northern (58.1%) and Eastern (53.6%) regions (<i>p</i> = 0.034). <i>Trichuris trichiura</i> is the most abundant infection with a prevalence of 43.7% followed by <i>Ascaris lumbricoides</i> 35.6% and hookworms 1.4%. According to these results, an appropriate PC strategy is given. In particular, because of the low efficacy of a single recommended drug on <i>T. trichiura</i> and hookworms, it is important to include two drugs for the treatment of STH in Gabon, due to the high prevalence and intensities of <i>Trichuris</i> infections. |
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| spelling | doaj.art-1e884c5effbe47b4a3c67746537ee2e32022-12-22T03:09:57ZengMDPI AGTropical Medicine and Infectious Disease2414-63662018-11-013411910.3390/tropicalmed3040119tropicalmed3040119Baseline Mapping of Schistosomiasis and Soil Transmitted Helminthiasis in the Northern and Eastern Health Regions of Gabon, Central Africa: Recommendations for Preventive ChemotherapyRodrigue Mintsa Nguema0Jacques F. Mavoungou1Krystina Mengue Me Ngou-Milama2Modeste Mabicka Mamfoumbi3Aubin A. Koumba4Mariama Sani Lamine5Abdoulaye Diarra6Ghislaine Nkone Asseko7Jean R. Mourou8Marielle K. Bouyou Akotet9Hélène Moné10Gabriel Mouahid11Julienne Atsame12Research Institute in Tropical Ecology, National Center for Scientific and Technological Research, Libreville BP 13354, GabonResearch Institute in Tropical Ecology, National Center for Scientific and Technological Research, Libreville BP 13354, GabonControl Program of Parasitic Diseases, Libreville BP 2434, GabonDepartment of Parasitology-Mycology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Health Sciences of Libreville, Libreville BP 4009, GabonResearch Institute in Tropical Ecology, National Center for Scientific and Technological Research, Libreville BP 13354, GabonWord Health Organization Country Office Gabon, Libreville BP 820, GabonWord Health Organization Country Office Gabon, Libreville BP 820, GabonWord Health Organization Country Office Gabon, Libreville BP 820, GabonDepartment of Parasitology-Mycology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Health Sciences of Libreville, Libreville BP 4009, GabonDepartment of Parasitology-Mycology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Health Sciences of Libreville, Libreville BP 4009, GabonIHPE, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, UM, IFREMER, Univ Perpignan Via Domitia, Perpignan F-66860, FranceIHPE, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, UM, IFREMER, Univ Perpignan Via Domitia, Perpignan F-66860, FranceControl Program of Parasitic Diseases, Libreville BP 2434, GabonIn order to follow the Preventive Chemotherapy (PC) for the transmission control as recommended by WHO, Gabon initiated in 2014 the mapping of Schistosomiasis and Soil Transmitted Helminthiasis (STH). Here, we report the results of the Northern and Eastern health regions, representing a third of the land area and 12% of its total population. All nine departments of the two regions were surveyed and from each, five schools were examined with 50 schoolchildren per school. The parasitological examinations were realized using the filtration method for urine and the Kato-Katz technique for stool samples. Overall 2245 schoolchildren (1116 girls and 1129 boys), mean aged 11.28 ± 0.04 years, were examined. Combined schistosomiasis and STH affected 1270 (56.6%) with variation between regions, departments, and schools. For schistosomiasis, prevalence were 1.7% across the two regions, with no significant difference (<i>p</i> > 0.05) between the Northern (1.5%) and the Eastern (1.9%). Schistosomiasis is mainly caused by <i>Schistosoma haematobium</i> with the exception of one respective case of <i>S. mansoni</i> and <i>S. guineensis</i>. STH are more common than schistosomiasis, with an overall prevalence of 56.1% significantly different between the Northern (58.1%) and Eastern (53.6%) regions (<i>p</i> = 0.034). <i>Trichuris trichiura</i> is the most abundant infection with a prevalence of 43.7% followed by <i>Ascaris lumbricoides</i> 35.6% and hookworms 1.4%. According to these results, an appropriate PC strategy is given. In particular, because of the low efficacy of a single recommended drug on <i>T. trichiura</i> and hookworms, it is important to include two drugs for the treatment of STH in Gabon, due to the high prevalence and intensities of <i>Trichuris</i> infections.https://www.mdpi.com/2414-6366/3/4/119schistosomiasissoil-transmitted-helminthiasismappingpreventive chemotherapytransmission controlGabonCentral Africa |
| spellingShingle | Rodrigue Mintsa Nguema Jacques F. Mavoungou Krystina Mengue Me Ngou-Milama Modeste Mabicka Mamfoumbi Aubin A. Koumba Mariama Sani Lamine Abdoulaye Diarra Ghislaine Nkone Asseko Jean R. Mourou Marielle K. Bouyou Akotet Hélène Moné Gabriel Mouahid Julienne Atsame Baseline Mapping of Schistosomiasis and Soil Transmitted Helminthiasis in the Northern and Eastern Health Regions of Gabon, Central Africa: Recommendations for Preventive Chemotherapy Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease schistosomiasis soil-transmitted-helminthiasis mapping preventive chemotherapy transmission control Gabon Central Africa |
| title | Baseline Mapping of Schistosomiasis and Soil Transmitted Helminthiasis in the Northern and Eastern Health Regions of Gabon, Central Africa: Recommendations for Preventive Chemotherapy |
| title_full | Baseline Mapping of Schistosomiasis and Soil Transmitted Helminthiasis in the Northern and Eastern Health Regions of Gabon, Central Africa: Recommendations for Preventive Chemotherapy |
| title_fullStr | Baseline Mapping of Schistosomiasis and Soil Transmitted Helminthiasis in the Northern and Eastern Health Regions of Gabon, Central Africa: Recommendations for Preventive Chemotherapy |
| title_full_unstemmed | Baseline Mapping of Schistosomiasis and Soil Transmitted Helminthiasis in the Northern and Eastern Health Regions of Gabon, Central Africa: Recommendations for Preventive Chemotherapy |
| title_short | Baseline Mapping of Schistosomiasis and Soil Transmitted Helminthiasis in the Northern and Eastern Health Regions of Gabon, Central Africa: Recommendations for Preventive Chemotherapy |
| title_sort | baseline mapping of schistosomiasis and soil transmitted helminthiasis in the northern and eastern health regions of gabon central africa recommendations for preventive chemotherapy |
| topic | schistosomiasis soil-transmitted-helminthiasis mapping preventive chemotherapy transmission control Gabon Central Africa |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2414-6366/3/4/119 |
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