Detection and Molecular Characterization of Enteric Viruses in Bivalve Mollusks Collected in Arraial do Cabo, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
Viral bivalve contamination is a recognized food safety hazard. Therefore, this study investigated the detection rates, seasonality, quantification, and genetic diversity of enteric viruses in bivalve samples (mussels and oysters). We collected 97 shellfish samples between March 2018 and February 20...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2022-10-01
|
| Series: | Viruses |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/14/11/2359 |
| _version_ | 1797466301218684928 |
|---|---|
| author | Lilian Gonçalves do Nascimento Sylvia Kahwage Sarmento Raphael Leonardo Meylin Bautista Gutierrez Fábio Correia Malta Jaqueline Mendes de Oliveira Caroline Rezende Guerra Ricardo Coutinho Marize Pereira Miagostovich Tulio Machado Fumian |
| author_facet | Lilian Gonçalves do Nascimento Sylvia Kahwage Sarmento Raphael Leonardo Meylin Bautista Gutierrez Fábio Correia Malta Jaqueline Mendes de Oliveira Caroline Rezende Guerra Ricardo Coutinho Marize Pereira Miagostovich Tulio Machado Fumian |
| author_sort | Lilian Gonçalves do Nascimento |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Viral bivalve contamination is a recognized food safety hazard. Therefore, this study investigated the detection rates, seasonality, quantification, and genetic diversity of enteric viruses in bivalve samples (mussels and oysters). We collected 97 shellfish samples between March 2018 and February 2020. The screening of samples by qPCR or RT-qPCR revealed the detection of norovirus (42.3%), rotavirus A (RVA; 16.5%), human adenovirus (HAdV; 24.7%), and human bocavirus (HBoV; 13.4%). There was no detection of hepatitis A virus. In total, 58.8% of shellfish samples tested positive for one or more viruses, with 42.1% of positive samples contaminated with two or more viruses. Norovirus showed the highest median viral load (3.3 × 10<sup>6</sup> GC/g), followed by HAdV (median of 3.5 × 10<sup>4</sup> GC/g), RVA (median of 1.5 × 10<sup>3</sup> GC/g), and HBoV (median of 1.3 × 10<sup>3</sup> GC/g). Phylogenetic analysis revealed that norovirus strains belonged to genotype GII.12[P16], RVA to genotype I2, HAdV to types -C2, -C5, and -F40, and HBoV to genotypes -1 and -2. Our results demonstrate the viral contamination of bivalves, emphasizing the need for virological monitoring programs to ensure the quality and safety of shellfish for human consumption and as a valuable surveillance tool to monitor emerging viruses and novel variants. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T18:33:54Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-1e903bc5ef1a4b8da3360cc167cc3769 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1999-4915 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T18:33:54Z |
| publishDate | 2022-10-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Viruses |
| spelling | doaj.art-1e903bc5ef1a4b8da3360cc167cc37692023-11-24T07:15:58ZengMDPI AGViruses1999-49152022-10-011411235910.3390/v14112359Detection and Molecular Characterization of Enteric Viruses in Bivalve Mollusks Collected in Arraial do Cabo, Rio de Janeiro, BrazilLilian Gonçalves do Nascimento0Sylvia Kahwage Sarmento1Raphael Leonardo2Meylin Bautista Gutierrez3Fábio Correia Malta4Jaqueline Mendes de Oliveira5Caroline Rezende Guerra6Ricardo Coutinho7Marize Pereira Miagostovich8Tulio Machado Fumian9Laboratory of Comparative and Environmental Virology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, RJ, BrazilLaboratory of Comparative and Environmental Virology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, RJ, BrazilLaboratory of Viral Morphology and Morphogenesis, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, RJ, BrazilLaboratory of Comparative and Environmental Virology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, RJ, BrazilLaboratory of Comparative and Environmental Virology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, RJ, BrazilLaboratory of Technological Development in Virology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, RJ, BrazilLaboratory of Marine Genetics, Department of Marine Biotechnology, Sea Studies Institute Admiral Paulo Moreira (IEAPM), Arraial do Cabo 28930-000, RJ, BrazilLaboratory of Marine Genetics, Department of Marine Biotechnology, Sea Studies Institute Admiral Paulo Moreira (IEAPM), Arraial do Cabo 28930-000, RJ, BrazilLaboratory of Comparative and Environmental Virology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, RJ, BrazilLaboratory of Comparative and Environmental Virology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, RJ, BrazilViral bivalve contamination is a recognized food safety hazard. Therefore, this study investigated the detection rates, seasonality, quantification, and genetic diversity of enteric viruses in bivalve samples (mussels and oysters). We collected 97 shellfish samples between March 2018 and February 2020. The screening of samples by qPCR or RT-qPCR revealed the detection of norovirus (42.3%), rotavirus A (RVA; 16.5%), human adenovirus (HAdV; 24.7%), and human bocavirus (HBoV; 13.4%). There was no detection of hepatitis A virus. In total, 58.8% of shellfish samples tested positive for one or more viruses, with 42.1% of positive samples contaminated with two or more viruses. Norovirus showed the highest median viral load (3.3 × 10<sup>6</sup> GC/g), followed by HAdV (median of 3.5 × 10<sup>4</sup> GC/g), RVA (median of 1.5 × 10<sup>3</sup> GC/g), and HBoV (median of 1.3 × 10<sup>3</sup> GC/g). Phylogenetic analysis revealed that norovirus strains belonged to genotype GII.12[P16], RVA to genotype I2, HAdV to types -C2, -C5, and -F40, and HBoV to genotypes -1 and -2. Our results demonstrate the viral contamination of bivalves, emphasizing the need for virological monitoring programs to ensure the quality and safety of shellfish for human consumption and as a valuable surveillance tool to monitor emerging viruses and novel variants.https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/14/11/2359enteric virusesbivalve mollusksmolecular methodsnorovirusrotavirus Ahepatitis A virus |
| spellingShingle | Lilian Gonçalves do Nascimento Sylvia Kahwage Sarmento Raphael Leonardo Meylin Bautista Gutierrez Fábio Correia Malta Jaqueline Mendes de Oliveira Caroline Rezende Guerra Ricardo Coutinho Marize Pereira Miagostovich Tulio Machado Fumian Detection and Molecular Characterization of Enteric Viruses in Bivalve Mollusks Collected in Arraial do Cabo, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil Viruses enteric viruses bivalve mollusks molecular methods norovirus rotavirus A hepatitis A virus |
| title | Detection and Molecular Characterization of Enteric Viruses in Bivalve Mollusks Collected in Arraial do Cabo, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil |
| title_full | Detection and Molecular Characterization of Enteric Viruses in Bivalve Mollusks Collected in Arraial do Cabo, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil |
| title_fullStr | Detection and Molecular Characterization of Enteric Viruses in Bivalve Mollusks Collected in Arraial do Cabo, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil |
| title_full_unstemmed | Detection and Molecular Characterization of Enteric Viruses in Bivalve Mollusks Collected in Arraial do Cabo, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil |
| title_short | Detection and Molecular Characterization of Enteric Viruses in Bivalve Mollusks Collected in Arraial do Cabo, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil |
| title_sort | detection and molecular characterization of enteric viruses in bivalve mollusks collected in arraial do cabo rio de janeiro brazil |
| topic | enteric viruses bivalve mollusks molecular methods norovirus rotavirus A hepatitis A virus |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/14/11/2359 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT liliangoncalvesdonascimento detectionandmolecularcharacterizationofentericvirusesinbivalvemolluskscollectedinarraialdocaboriodejaneirobrazil AT sylviakahwagesarmento detectionandmolecularcharacterizationofentericvirusesinbivalvemolluskscollectedinarraialdocaboriodejaneirobrazil AT raphaelleonardo detectionandmolecularcharacterizationofentericvirusesinbivalvemolluskscollectedinarraialdocaboriodejaneirobrazil AT meylinbautistagutierrez detectionandmolecularcharacterizationofentericvirusesinbivalvemolluskscollectedinarraialdocaboriodejaneirobrazil AT fabiocorreiamalta detectionandmolecularcharacterizationofentericvirusesinbivalvemolluskscollectedinarraialdocaboriodejaneirobrazil AT jaquelinemendesdeoliveira detectionandmolecularcharacterizationofentericvirusesinbivalvemolluskscollectedinarraialdocaboriodejaneirobrazil AT carolinerezendeguerra detectionandmolecularcharacterizationofentericvirusesinbivalvemolluskscollectedinarraialdocaboriodejaneirobrazil AT ricardocoutinho detectionandmolecularcharacterizationofentericvirusesinbivalvemolluskscollectedinarraialdocaboriodejaneirobrazil AT marizepereiramiagostovich detectionandmolecularcharacterizationofentericvirusesinbivalvemolluskscollectedinarraialdocaboriodejaneirobrazil AT tuliomachadofumian detectionandmolecularcharacterizationofentericvirusesinbivalvemolluskscollectedinarraialdocaboriodejaneirobrazil |