Estimating long-term K-12 student homelessness after a catastrophic flood disaster
Despite efforts to end homelessness in the United States, student homelessness is gradually growing over the past decade. Homelessness creates physical and psychological disadvantages for students and often disrupts school access. Research suggests that students who experience prolonged dislocation...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2023-06-01
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| Series: | Resilient Cities and Structures |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772741623000406 |
| _version_ | 1797687677956390912 |
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| author | Ram Krishna Mazumder S. Amin Enderami Nathanael Rosenheim Elaina J. Sutley Michelle Stanley Michelle Meyer |
| author_facet | Ram Krishna Mazumder S. Amin Enderami Nathanael Rosenheim Elaina J. Sutley Michelle Stanley Michelle Meyer |
| author_sort | Ram Krishna Mazumder |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Despite efforts to end homelessness in the United States, student homelessness is gradually growing over the past decade. Homelessness creates physical and psychological disadvantages for students and often disrupts school access. Research suggests that students who experience prolonged dislocation and school disruption after a disaster are primarily from low-income households and under-resourced areas. This study develops a framework to predict post-disaster trajectories for kindergarten through high school (K-12) students faced with a major disaster; the framework includes an estimation on the households with children who recover and those who experience long-term homelessness. Using the National Center for Education Statistics school attendance boundaries, residential housing inventory, and U.S. Census data, the framework first identifies students within school boundaries and links schools to students to housing. The framework then estimates dislocation induced by the disaster scenario and tracks the stage of post-disaster housing for each dislocated student. The recovery of dislocated students is predicted using a multi-state Markov chain model, which captures the sequences that households transition through the four stages of post-disaster housing (i.e., emergency shelter, temporary shelter, temporary housing, and permanent housing) based on the social vulnerability of the household. Finally, the framework predicts the number of students experiencing long-term homelessness and maps the students back to their pre-disaster school. The proposed framework is exemplified for the case of Hurricane Matthew-induced flooding in Lumberton, North Carolina. Findings highlight the disparate outcomes households with children face after major disasters and can be used to aid decision-making to reduce future disaster impacts on students. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-12T01:21:10Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-1e9eccfe19c54401b0b0b44057d08a6c |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2772-7416 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-12T01:21:10Z |
| publishDate | 2023-06-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Resilient Cities and Structures |
| spelling | doaj.art-1e9eccfe19c54401b0b0b44057d08a6c2023-09-13T04:25:49ZengElsevierResilient Cities and Structures2772-74162023-06-01228292Estimating long-term K-12 student homelessness after a catastrophic flood disasterRam Krishna Mazumder0S. Amin Enderami1Nathanael Rosenheim2Elaina J. Sutley3Michelle Stanley4Michelle Meyer5Arcadis U.S. Inc, United States; Department of Civil, Environmental and Architectural Engineering, University of Kansas, United States; Corresponding author at: Asset Management Consultant, Arcadis U.S. Inc., 222 S. Main Street, Akron, OH 44308, United States.Department of Civil, Environmental and Architectural Engineering, University of Kansas, United StatesDepartment of Landscape Architecture and Urban Planning, Texas A&M University, United StatesDepartment of Civil, Environmental and Architectural Engineering, University of Kansas, United StatesDepartment of Landscape Architecture and Urban Planning, Texas A&M University, United StatesDepartment of Landscape Architecture and Urban Planning, Texas A&M University, United StatesDespite efforts to end homelessness in the United States, student homelessness is gradually growing over the past decade. Homelessness creates physical and psychological disadvantages for students and often disrupts school access. Research suggests that students who experience prolonged dislocation and school disruption after a disaster are primarily from low-income households and under-resourced areas. This study develops a framework to predict post-disaster trajectories for kindergarten through high school (K-12) students faced with a major disaster; the framework includes an estimation on the households with children who recover and those who experience long-term homelessness. Using the National Center for Education Statistics school attendance boundaries, residential housing inventory, and U.S. Census data, the framework first identifies students within school boundaries and links schools to students to housing. The framework then estimates dislocation induced by the disaster scenario and tracks the stage of post-disaster housing for each dislocated student. The recovery of dislocated students is predicted using a multi-state Markov chain model, which captures the sequences that households transition through the four stages of post-disaster housing (i.e., emergency shelter, temporary shelter, temporary housing, and permanent housing) based on the social vulnerability of the household. Finally, the framework predicts the number of students experiencing long-term homelessness and maps the students back to their pre-disaster school. The proposed framework is exemplified for the case of Hurricane Matthew-induced flooding in Lumberton, North Carolina. Findings highlight the disparate outcomes households with children face after major disasters and can be used to aid decision-making to reduce future disaster impacts on students.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772741623000406Housing recoveryVacancyRecovery sequenceRelocationSocial vulnerability |
| spellingShingle | Ram Krishna Mazumder S. Amin Enderami Nathanael Rosenheim Elaina J. Sutley Michelle Stanley Michelle Meyer Estimating long-term K-12 student homelessness after a catastrophic flood disaster Resilient Cities and Structures Housing recovery Vacancy Recovery sequence Relocation Social vulnerability |
| title | Estimating long-term K-12 student homelessness after a catastrophic flood disaster |
| title_full | Estimating long-term K-12 student homelessness after a catastrophic flood disaster |
| title_fullStr | Estimating long-term K-12 student homelessness after a catastrophic flood disaster |
| title_full_unstemmed | Estimating long-term K-12 student homelessness after a catastrophic flood disaster |
| title_short | Estimating long-term K-12 student homelessness after a catastrophic flood disaster |
| title_sort | estimating long term k 12 student homelessness after a catastrophic flood disaster |
| topic | Housing recovery Vacancy Recovery sequence Relocation Social vulnerability |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772741623000406 |
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