Survey on Optical Wireless Communications-Based Services Applied to the Tourism Industry: Potentials and Challenges
In this paper, we explore the potential applications of Optical Wireless Communications in the tourism industry, considering both indoor and outdoor scenarios and different transmission speeds. They range from high-speed atmospheric outdoor links (Free-Space Optics (FSO)) to indoor systems based on...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-09-01
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| Series: | Sensors |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/21/18/6282 |
| _version_ | 1797517185925513216 |
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| author | Lidia Aguiar-Castillo Victor Guerra Julio Rufo Jose Rabadan Rafael Perez-Jimenez |
| author_facet | Lidia Aguiar-Castillo Victor Guerra Julio Rufo Jose Rabadan Rafael Perez-Jimenez |
| author_sort | Lidia Aguiar-Castillo |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In this paper, we explore the potential applications of Optical Wireless Communications in the tourism industry, considering both indoor and outdoor scenarios and different transmission speeds. They range from high-speed atmospheric outdoor links (Free-Space Optics (FSO)) to indoor systems based on high-speed lighting networks (known under the trade name LiFi©) or low-speed services support the Internet of Things networks, using visible light (VLC) or IR emitters, with receivers based on either on classical photodiodes or in image sensors, known as Optical Camera Communications. The avant-garde applications of this technology have been studied focusing on three possible use scenarios: the traveler himself, in what we have called TAN (Tourist Area Network); the tourist facility, which includes not only the hotel but also leisure areas (theme parks, museums, natural protected areas) or services (restaurants, shopping areas, etc.); and the entire destination, which can be both the city or the territory where the tourist is received, within the paradigm of the Smart Tourist Destination (STD). In addition to the classic services based on radio frequency and wired broadband networks, these technologies will make it possible to meet the tourist’s challenging needs, the establishment, and the destination. Besides, they cover the services imposed by the new marketing services related to location or context and feed the big data systems used to study tourist behavior. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T07:13:13Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-1ea1bc6a2961406493e9fdd0cd1bf49a |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1424-8220 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T07:13:13Z |
| publishDate | 2021-09-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Sensors |
| spelling | doaj.art-1ea1bc6a2961406493e9fdd0cd1bf49a2023-11-22T15:14:28ZengMDPI AGSensors1424-82202021-09-012118628210.3390/s21186282Survey on Optical Wireless Communications-Based Services Applied to the Tourism Industry: Potentials and ChallengesLidia Aguiar-Castillo0Victor Guerra1Julio Rufo2Jose Rabadan3Rafael Perez-Jimenez4Institute for Technological Development and Innovation in Communications, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, 35017 Las Palmas, SpainInstitute for Technological Development and Innovation in Communications, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, 35017 Las Palmas, SpainInstitute for Technological Development and Innovation in Communications, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, 35017 Las Palmas, SpainInstitute for Technological Development and Innovation in Communications, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, 35017 Las Palmas, SpainInstitute for Technological Development and Innovation in Communications, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, 35017 Las Palmas, SpainIn this paper, we explore the potential applications of Optical Wireless Communications in the tourism industry, considering both indoor and outdoor scenarios and different transmission speeds. They range from high-speed atmospheric outdoor links (Free-Space Optics (FSO)) to indoor systems based on high-speed lighting networks (known under the trade name LiFi©) or low-speed services support the Internet of Things networks, using visible light (VLC) or IR emitters, with receivers based on either on classical photodiodes or in image sensors, known as Optical Camera Communications. The avant-garde applications of this technology have been studied focusing on three possible use scenarios: the traveler himself, in what we have called TAN (Tourist Area Network); the tourist facility, which includes not only the hotel but also leisure areas (theme parks, museums, natural protected areas) or services (restaurants, shopping areas, etc.); and the entire destination, which can be both the city or the territory where the tourist is received, within the paradigm of the Smart Tourist Destination (STD). In addition to the classic services based on radio frequency and wired broadband networks, these technologies will make it possible to meet the tourist’s challenging needs, the establishment, and the destination. Besides, they cover the services imposed by the new marketing services related to location or context and feed the big data systems used to study tourist behavior.https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/21/18/6282optical wireless communicationsvisible light communicationsoptical camera communicationsinternet of behaviorsmart destinationtourism |
| spellingShingle | Lidia Aguiar-Castillo Victor Guerra Julio Rufo Jose Rabadan Rafael Perez-Jimenez Survey on Optical Wireless Communications-Based Services Applied to the Tourism Industry: Potentials and Challenges Sensors optical wireless communications visible light communications optical camera communications internet of behavior smart destination tourism |
| title | Survey on Optical Wireless Communications-Based Services Applied to the Tourism Industry: Potentials and Challenges |
| title_full | Survey on Optical Wireless Communications-Based Services Applied to the Tourism Industry: Potentials and Challenges |
| title_fullStr | Survey on Optical Wireless Communications-Based Services Applied to the Tourism Industry: Potentials and Challenges |
| title_full_unstemmed | Survey on Optical Wireless Communications-Based Services Applied to the Tourism Industry: Potentials and Challenges |
| title_short | Survey on Optical Wireless Communications-Based Services Applied to the Tourism Industry: Potentials and Challenges |
| title_sort | survey on optical wireless communications based services applied to the tourism industry potentials and challenges |
| topic | optical wireless communications visible light communications optical camera communications internet of behavior smart destination tourism |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/21/18/6282 |
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