Isolated Human Pulmonary Artery Structure and Function Pre‐ and Post‐Cardiopulmonary Bypass Surgery
BackgroundPulmonary dysfunction is a known complication after cardiac surgery using cardiopulmonary bypass, ranging from subclinical functional changes to prolonged postoperative ventilation, acute lung injury, and acute respiratory distress syndrome. Whether human pulmonary arterial function is com...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2016-02-01
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| Series: | Journal of the American Heart Association: Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Disease |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.ahajournals.org/doi/10.1161/JAHA.115.002822 |
| _version_ | 1828309791980650496 |
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| author | Kim A. Dora Christopher P. Stanley Emad Al Jaaly Francesca Fiorentino Raimondo Ascione Barnaby C. Reeves Gianni D. Angelini |
| author_facet | Kim A. Dora Christopher P. Stanley Emad Al Jaaly Francesca Fiorentino Raimondo Ascione Barnaby C. Reeves Gianni D. Angelini |
| author_sort | Kim A. Dora |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | BackgroundPulmonary dysfunction is a known complication after cardiac surgery using cardiopulmonary bypass, ranging from subclinical functional changes to prolonged postoperative ventilation, acute lung injury, and acute respiratory distress syndrome. Whether human pulmonary arterial function is compromised is unknown. The aim of the present study was to compare the structure and function of isolated and cannulated human pulmonary arteries obtained from lung biopsies after the chest was opened (pre–cardiopulmonary bypass) to those obtained at the end of cardiopulmonary bypass (post–cardiopulmonary bypass) from patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft surgery. Methods and ResultsPre‐ and post–cardiopulmonary bypass lung biopsies were received from 12 patients undergoing elective surgery. Intralobular small arteries were dissected, cannulated, pressurized, and imaged using confocal microscopy. Functionally, the thromboxane mimetic U46619 produced concentration‐dependent vasoconstriction in 100% and 75% of pre‐ and post–cardiopulmonary bypass arteries, respectively. The endothelium‐dependent agonist bradykinin stimulated vasodilation in 45% and 33% of arteries pre‐ and post–cardiopulmonary bypass, respectively. Structurally, in most arteries smooth muscle cells aligned circumferentially; live cell viability revealed that although 100% of smooth muscle and 90% of endothelial cells from pre–cardiopulmonary bypass biopsies had intact membranes and were considered viable, only 60% and 58%, respectively, were viable from post–cardiopulmonary bypass biopsies. ConclusionsWe successfully investigated isolated pulmonary artery structure and function in fresh lung biopsies from patients undergoing heart surgery. Pulmonary artery contractile tone and endothelium‐dependent dilation were significantly reduced in post–cardiopulmonary bypass biopsies. The decreased functional responses were associated with reduced cell viability. Clinical Trial RegistrationURL: http://www.isrctn.com/ISRCTN34428459. Unique identifier: ISRCTN 34428459. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-13T15:35:14Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-1ea5b7d1ca134fc7b875ab3bf2ea8fb4 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2047-9980 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-13T15:35:14Z |
| publishDate | 2016-02-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of the American Heart Association: Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Disease |
| spelling | doaj.art-1ea5b7d1ca134fc7b875ab3bf2ea8fb42022-12-22T02:41:17ZengWileyJournal of the American Heart Association: Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Disease2047-99802016-02-015210.1161/JAHA.115.002822Isolated Human Pulmonary Artery Structure and Function Pre‐ and Post‐Cardiopulmonary Bypass SurgeryKim A. Dora0Christopher P. Stanley1Emad Al Jaaly2Francesca Fiorentino3Raimondo Ascione4Barnaby C. Reeves5Gianni D. Angelini6Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, United KingdomDepartment of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, United KingdomDepartment of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Hammersmith Hospital, Imperial College London, London, United KingdomDepartment of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Hammersmith Hospital, Imperial College London, London, United KingdomBristol Heart Institute, Bristol Royal Infirmary, University of Bristol, United KingdomBristol Heart Institute, Bristol Royal Infirmary, University of Bristol, United KingdomDepartment of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Hammersmith Hospital, Imperial College London, London, United KingdomBackgroundPulmonary dysfunction is a known complication after cardiac surgery using cardiopulmonary bypass, ranging from subclinical functional changes to prolonged postoperative ventilation, acute lung injury, and acute respiratory distress syndrome. Whether human pulmonary arterial function is compromised is unknown. The aim of the present study was to compare the structure and function of isolated and cannulated human pulmonary arteries obtained from lung biopsies after the chest was opened (pre–cardiopulmonary bypass) to those obtained at the end of cardiopulmonary bypass (post–cardiopulmonary bypass) from patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft surgery. Methods and ResultsPre‐ and post–cardiopulmonary bypass lung biopsies were received from 12 patients undergoing elective surgery. Intralobular small arteries were dissected, cannulated, pressurized, and imaged using confocal microscopy. Functionally, the thromboxane mimetic U46619 produced concentration‐dependent vasoconstriction in 100% and 75% of pre‐ and post–cardiopulmonary bypass arteries, respectively. The endothelium‐dependent agonist bradykinin stimulated vasodilation in 45% and 33% of arteries pre‐ and post–cardiopulmonary bypass, respectively. Structurally, in most arteries smooth muscle cells aligned circumferentially; live cell viability revealed that although 100% of smooth muscle and 90% of endothelial cells from pre–cardiopulmonary bypass biopsies had intact membranes and were considered viable, only 60% and 58%, respectively, were viable from post–cardiopulmonary bypass biopsies. ConclusionsWe successfully investigated isolated pulmonary artery structure and function in fresh lung biopsies from patients undergoing heart surgery. Pulmonary artery contractile tone and endothelium‐dependent dilation were significantly reduced in post–cardiopulmonary bypass biopsies. The decreased functional responses were associated with reduced cell viability. Clinical Trial RegistrationURL: http://www.isrctn.com/ISRCTN34428459. Unique identifier: ISRCTN 34428459.https://www.ahajournals.org/doi/10.1161/JAHA.115.002822bradykinincardiopulmonary bypasslungthromboxanevasoconstrictionvasodilation |
| spellingShingle | Kim A. Dora Christopher P. Stanley Emad Al Jaaly Francesca Fiorentino Raimondo Ascione Barnaby C. Reeves Gianni D. Angelini Isolated Human Pulmonary Artery Structure and Function Pre‐ and Post‐Cardiopulmonary Bypass Surgery Journal of the American Heart Association: Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Disease bradykinin cardiopulmonary bypass lung thromboxane vasoconstriction vasodilation |
| title | Isolated Human Pulmonary Artery Structure and Function Pre‐ and Post‐Cardiopulmonary Bypass Surgery |
| title_full | Isolated Human Pulmonary Artery Structure and Function Pre‐ and Post‐Cardiopulmonary Bypass Surgery |
| title_fullStr | Isolated Human Pulmonary Artery Structure and Function Pre‐ and Post‐Cardiopulmonary Bypass Surgery |
| title_full_unstemmed | Isolated Human Pulmonary Artery Structure and Function Pre‐ and Post‐Cardiopulmonary Bypass Surgery |
| title_short | Isolated Human Pulmonary Artery Structure and Function Pre‐ and Post‐Cardiopulmonary Bypass Surgery |
| title_sort | isolated human pulmonary artery structure and function pre and post cardiopulmonary bypass surgery |
| topic | bradykinin cardiopulmonary bypass lung thromboxane vasoconstriction vasodilation |
| url | https://www.ahajournals.org/doi/10.1161/JAHA.115.002822 |
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