DNA Barcoding of Potential Mosquito Disease Vectors (Diptera, Culicidae) in Jazan Region, Saudi Arabia
The conventional morphological characterization of mosquito species remains heavily used for species identification in Jazan, Saudi Arabia. It requires substantial expertise and time, as well as having difficulty in confirming identity of morphologically similar species. Therefore, to establish a re...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2022-04-01
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| Series: | Pathogens |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/11/5/486 |
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| author | Elsiddig Noureldin Denise Tan Ommer Daffalla Hatim Almutairi Jaber Ghzwani Majhalia Torno Omar Mashi Yahya Hobani Huicong Ding Abdullah Alamri Khalid Shrwani Ahmed Albarrag Zaki Eisa |
| author_facet | Elsiddig Noureldin Denise Tan Ommer Daffalla Hatim Almutairi Jaber Ghzwani Majhalia Torno Omar Mashi Yahya Hobani Huicong Ding Abdullah Alamri Khalid Shrwani Ahmed Albarrag Zaki Eisa |
| author_sort | Elsiddig Noureldin |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The conventional morphological characterization of mosquito species remains heavily used for species identification in Jazan, Saudi Arabia. It requires substantial expertise and time, as well as having difficulty in confirming identity of morphologically similar species. Therefore, to establish a reliable and accurate identification system that can be applied to understanding spatial distribution of local mosquito species from the Jazan region, DNA barcoding was explored as an integrated tool for mosquito species identification. In this study, 44 adult mosquito specimens were analyzed, which contain 16 species belong to three genera of potential mosquito disease vectors (<i>Aedes</i>, <i>Anopheles</i>, and <i>Culex</i>). The specimens were collected from the Jazan region located in southwest Saudi Arabia. These included old and preserved mosquito voucher specimens. In addition, we assessed the genetic distance based on the generated mitochondrial partial <i>COI</i> DNA barcodes to detect cryptic diversity across these taxa. Nine mosquito species belonging to three genera were successfully barcoded and submitted to GenBank, namely: <i>Aedes aegypti</i>, <i>Aedes caspius</i>, <i>Aedes vexans</i>, <i>Aedes vittatus</i>, <i>Anopheles arabiensis</i>, <i>Culex pipiens</i>, <i>Culex quinquefasciatus</i>, <i>Culex sitiens</i>, and <i>Culex tritaeniorhynchus</i>. Of these nine species, <i>Aedes vexans</i>, <i>Aedes vittatus</i>, <i>Culex sitiens</i>, and <i>Culex tritaeniorhynchus</i> were registered in GenBank for the first time from Saudi Arabia. The DNA barcodes generated a 100% match to known barcodes of these mosquito species, that also matched with the morphological identification. <i>Ae. vexans</i> was found to be either a case of cryptic species (subspecies) or a new species from the region. However, more research has to be conducted to prove the latter. This study directly contributes to the development of a molecular reference library of mosquito species from the Jazan region and Saudi Arabia. The library is essential for confirmation of species in support of existing mosquito surveillance and control programmes. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T03:12:08Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-1ec1cae1f5734df69787b1dbb36f3243 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-0817 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T03:12:08Z |
| publishDate | 2022-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
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| series | Pathogens |
| spelling | doaj.art-1ec1cae1f5734df69787b1dbb36f32432023-11-23T12:31:22ZengMDPI AGPathogens2076-08172022-04-0111548610.3390/pathogens11050486DNA Barcoding of Potential Mosquito Disease Vectors (Diptera, Culicidae) in Jazan Region, Saudi ArabiaElsiddig Noureldin0Denise Tan1Ommer Daffalla2Hatim Almutairi3Jaber Ghzwani4Majhalia Torno5Omar Mashi6Yahya Hobani7Huicong Ding8Abdullah Alamri9Khalid Shrwani10Ahmed Albarrag11Zaki Eisa12Saudi Public Health Authority, Vector-Borne Diseases Laboratory, Jazan 45142, Saudi ArabiaEnvironmental Health Institute, National Environment Agency, 11 Biopolis Way, #06-05-08, Helios Block, Singapore 128667, SingaporeSaudi Public Health Authority, Vector-Borne Diseases Laboratory, Jazan 45142, Saudi ArabiaSaudi Public Health Authority, Vector-Borne Diseases Laboratory, Jazan 45142, Saudi ArabiaSaudi Public Health Authority, Vector-Borne Diseases Laboratory, Jazan 45142, Saudi ArabiaEnvironmental Health Institute, National Environment Agency, 11 Biopolis Way, #06-05-08, Helios Block, Singapore 128667, SingaporeSaudi Public Health Authority, Vector-Borne Diseases Laboratory, Jazan 45142, Saudi ArabiaSaudi Public Health Authority, Vector-Borne Diseases Laboratory, Jazan 45142, Saudi ArabiaEnvironmental Health Institute, National Environment Agency, 11 Biopolis Way, #06-05-08, Helios Block, Singapore 128667, SingaporeSaudi Public Health Authority, Vector-Borne Diseases Laboratory, Jazan 45142, Saudi ArabiaSaudi Public Health Authority, Vector-Borne Diseases Laboratory, Jazan 45142, Saudi ArabiaSaudi Public Health Authority, Vector-Borne Diseases Laboratory, Jazan 45142, Saudi ArabiaSaudi Public Health Authority, Vector-Borne Diseases Laboratory, Jazan 45142, Saudi ArabiaThe conventional morphological characterization of mosquito species remains heavily used for species identification in Jazan, Saudi Arabia. It requires substantial expertise and time, as well as having difficulty in confirming identity of morphologically similar species. Therefore, to establish a reliable and accurate identification system that can be applied to understanding spatial distribution of local mosquito species from the Jazan region, DNA barcoding was explored as an integrated tool for mosquito species identification. In this study, 44 adult mosquito specimens were analyzed, which contain 16 species belong to three genera of potential mosquito disease vectors (<i>Aedes</i>, <i>Anopheles</i>, and <i>Culex</i>). The specimens were collected from the Jazan region located in southwest Saudi Arabia. These included old and preserved mosquito voucher specimens. In addition, we assessed the genetic distance based on the generated mitochondrial partial <i>COI</i> DNA barcodes to detect cryptic diversity across these taxa. Nine mosquito species belonging to three genera were successfully barcoded and submitted to GenBank, namely: <i>Aedes aegypti</i>, <i>Aedes caspius</i>, <i>Aedes vexans</i>, <i>Aedes vittatus</i>, <i>Anopheles arabiensis</i>, <i>Culex pipiens</i>, <i>Culex quinquefasciatus</i>, <i>Culex sitiens</i>, and <i>Culex tritaeniorhynchus</i>. Of these nine species, <i>Aedes vexans</i>, <i>Aedes vittatus</i>, <i>Culex sitiens</i>, and <i>Culex tritaeniorhynchus</i> were registered in GenBank for the first time from Saudi Arabia. The DNA barcodes generated a 100% match to known barcodes of these mosquito species, that also matched with the morphological identification. <i>Ae. vexans</i> was found to be either a case of cryptic species (subspecies) or a new species from the region. However, more research has to be conducted to prove the latter. This study directly contributes to the development of a molecular reference library of mosquito species from the Jazan region and Saudi Arabia. The library is essential for confirmation of species in support of existing mosquito surveillance and control programmes.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/11/5/486DNA barcodemosquito taxonomyphylogenyJazanSaudi Arabia |
| spellingShingle | Elsiddig Noureldin Denise Tan Ommer Daffalla Hatim Almutairi Jaber Ghzwani Majhalia Torno Omar Mashi Yahya Hobani Huicong Ding Abdullah Alamri Khalid Shrwani Ahmed Albarrag Zaki Eisa DNA Barcoding of Potential Mosquito Disease Vectors (Diptera, Culicidae) in Jazan Region, Saudi Arabia Pathogens DNA barcode mosquito taxonomy phylogeny Jazan Saudi Arabia |
| title | DNA Barcoding of Potential Mosquito Disease Vectors (Diptera, Culicidae) in Jazan Region, Saudi Arabia |
| title_full | DNA Barcoding of Potential Mosquito Disease Vectors (Diptera, Culicidae) in Jazan Region, Saudi Arabia |
| title_fullStr | DNA Barcoding of Potential Mosquito Disease Vectors (Diptera, Culicidae) in Jazan Region, Saudi Arabia |
| title_full_unstemmed | DNA Barcoding of Potential Mosquito Disease Vectors (Diptera, Culicidae) in Jazan Region, Saudi Arabia |
| title_short | DNA Barcoding of Potential Mosquito Disease Vectors (Diptera, Culicidae) in Jazan Region, Saudi Arabia |
| title_sort | dna barcoding of potential mosquito disease vectors diptera culicidae in jazan region saudi arabia |
| topic | DNA barcode mosquito taxonomy phylogeny Jazan Saudi Arabia |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/11/5/486 |
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