Variations of cannabis-related adverse mental health and addiction outcomes across adolescence and adulthood: A scoping review
IntroductionEvidence supporting associations between cannabis use and many health outcomes is growing, however it remains unclear how such associations vary across the lifespan. We therefore aim to answer the following questions: (1) Are the risks of cannabis’s adverse effects on mental health and a...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2022-10-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Psychiatry |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyt.2022.973988/full |
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| author | Navdeep Kaur Gabriel Bastien Gabriel Bastien Lea Gagnon Johann Graham Johann Graham Violaine Mongeau-Pérusse Hamzah Bakouni Florence Morissette Camille Theriault Benedikt Fischer Benedikt Fischer Benedikt Fischer Benedikt Fischer Didier Jutras-Aswad Didier Jutras-Aswad |
| author_facet | Navdeep Kaur Gabriel Bastien Gabriel Bastien Lea Gagnon Johann Graham Johann Graham Violaine Mongeau-Pérusse Hamzah Bakouni Florence Morissette Camille Theriault Benedikt Fischer Benedikt Fischer Benedikt Fischer Benedikt Fischer Didier Jutras-Aswad Didier Jutras-Aswad |
| author_sort | Navdeep Kaur |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | IntroductionEvidence supporting associations between cannabis use and many health outcomes is growing, however it remains unclear how such associations vary across the lifespan. We therefore aim to answer the following questions: (1) Are the risks of cannabis’s adverse effects on mental health and addiction-related outcomes different in adolescents than in adults? (2) What are the relationships between these cannabis’s adverse effects and (a) an individual’s age at first cannabis use, (b) age at assessment, and (c) duration of cannabis use?MethodsWe searched Medline, Embase, CINAHL, and PsychINFO from inception to 18 October 2021. Two reviewers independently screened studies and descriptively synthesized results.ResultsWe included 140 studies. Cannabis effects on mental health and addiction-related outcomes were worse in adolescents, early cannabis initiators and cannabis users who consumed for longest periods. Evidence of worse long-term adverse effects in adolescents was substantial for psychosis, cannabis, and nicotine use disorders; mixed for depression, suicidality, other substance use and disorders; and limited for anxiety. Additionally, acute cannabis exposure had the opposite trend with adults more often reporting adverse effects than adolescents.ConclusionThe available evidence suggests that cannabis use should be delayed as late as possible in adulthood and shortened in duration across the lifespan to decrease the risk of negative outcomes, while emphasizing the need for adapted harm reduction approaches. This scoping review provides evidence on the role of age and duration of exposure as determinants of cannabis-related adverse effects, which may inform prevention and harm reduction strategies.Systematic review registrationhttps://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/BYG72 |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-12T09:20:06Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-1ecb38377fee433b92f0aada5c812e9b |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-0640 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-12T09:20:06Z |
| publishDate | 2022-10-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Psychiatry |
| spelling | doaj.art-1ecb38377fee433b92f0aada5c812e9b2022-12-22T03:38:41ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Psychiatry1664-06402022-10-011310.3389/fpsyt.2022.973988973988Variations of cannabis-related adverse mental health and addiction outcomes across adolescence and adulthood: A scoping reviewNavdeep Kaur0Gabriel Bastien1Gabriel Bastien2Lea Gagnon3Johann Graham4Johann Graham5Violaine Mongeau-Pérusse6Hamzah Bakouni7Florence Morissette8Camille Theriault9Benedikt Fischer10Benedikt Fischer11Benedikt Fischer12Benedikt Fischer13Didier Jutras-Aswad14Didier Jutras-Aswad15Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, QC, CanadaCentre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, QC, CanadaDepartment of Psychiatry and Addiction, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, CanadaCentre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, QC, CanadaDepartment of Psychiatry and Addiction, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, CanadaFaculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec City, QC, CanadaDepartment of Psychiatry and Addiction, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, CanadaCentre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, QC, CanadaDepartment of Psychiatry and Addiction, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, CanadaDepartment of Psychiatry and Addiction, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, CanadaSchool of Population Health, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New ZealandDepartment of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, CanadaCentre for Applied Research in Mental Health and Addiction, Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Vancouver, BC, CanadaDepartment of Psychiatry, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, BrazilCentre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, QC, CanadaDepartment of Psychiatry and Addiction, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, CanadaIntroductionEvidence supporting associations between cannabis use and many health outcomes is growing, however it remains unclear how such associations vary across the lifespan. We therefore aim to answer the following questions: (1) Are the risks of cannabis’s adverse effects on mental health and addiction-related outcomes different in adolescents than in adults? (2) What are the relationships between these cannabis’s adverse effects and (a) an individual’s age at first cannabis use, (b) age at assessment, and (c) duration of cannabis use?MethodsWe searched Medline, Embase, CINAHL, and PsychINFO from inception to 18 October 2021. Two reviewers independently screened studies and descriptively synthesized results.ResultsWe included 140 studies. Cannabis effects on mental health and addiction-related outcomes were worse in adolescents, early cannabis initiators and cannabis users who consumed for longest periods. Evidence of worse long-term adverse effects in adolescents was substantial for psychosis, cannabis, and nicotine use disorders; mixed for depression, suicidality, other substance use and disorders; and limited for anxiety. Additionally, acute cannabis exposure had the opposite trend with adults more often reporting adverse effects than adolescents.ConclusionThe available evidence suggests that cannabis use should be delayed as late as possible in adulthood and shortened in duration across the lifespan to decrease the risk of negative outcomes, while emphasizing the need for adapted harm reduction approaches. This scoping review provides evidence on the role of age and duration of exposure as determinants of cannabis-related adverse effects, which may inform prevention and harm reduction strategies.Systematic review registrationhttps://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/BYG72https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyt.2022.973988/fulladdictive behavioradolescentadultcannabismental health |
| spellingShingle | Navdeep Kaur Gabriel Bastien Gabriel Bastien Lea Gagnon Johann Graham Johann Graham Violaine Mongeau-Pérusse Hamzah Bakouni Florence Morissette Camille Theriault Benedikt Fischer Benedikt Fischer Benedikt Fischer Benedikt Fischer Didier Jutras-Aswad Didier Jutras-Aswad Variations of cannabis-related adverse mental health and addiction outcomes across adolescence and adulthood: A scoping review Frontiers in Psychiatry addictive behavior adolescent adult cannabis mental health |
| title | Variations of cannabis-related adverse mental health and addiction outcomes across adolescence and adulthood: A scoping review |
| title_full | Variations of cannabis-related adverse mental health and addiction outcomes across adolescence and adulthood: A scoping review |
| title_fullStr | Variations of cannabis-related adverse mental health and addiction outcomes across adolescence and adulthood: A scoping review |
| title_full_unstemmed | Variations of cannabis-related adverse mental health and addiction outcomes across adolescence and adulthood: A scoping review |
| title_short | Variations of cannabis-related adverse mental health and addiction outcomes across adolescence and adulthood: A scoping review |
| title_sort | variations of cannabis related adverse mental health and addiction outcomes across adolescence and adulthood a scoping review |
| topic | addictive behavior adolescent adult cannabis mental health |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyt.2022.973988/full |
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