Moisture sorption–desorption characteristics and the corresponding thermodynamic properties of carvedilol phosphate
Aims: Carvedilol phosphate (CDP) is a nonselective beta-blocker used for the treatment of heart failures and hypertension. In this work, moisture sorption–desorption characteristics and thermodynamic properties of CDP have been investigated. Materials and Methods: The isotherms were determined using...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications
2017-01-01
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| Series: | Journal of Pharmacy and Bioallied Sciences |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.jpbsonline.org/article.asp?issn=0975-7406;year=2017;volume=9;issue=1;spage=16;epage=21;aulast=Allada |
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| author | Ravikiran Allada Arthanareeswari Maruthapillai Kamaraj Palanisamy Praveen Chappa |
| author_facet | Ravikiran Allada Arthanareeswari Maruthapillai Kamaraj Palanisamy Praveen Chappa |
| author_sort | Ravikiran Allada |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Aims: Carvedilol phosphate (CDP) is a nonselective beta-blocker used for the treatment of heart failures and hypertension. In this work, moisture sorption–desorption characteristics and thermodynamic properties of CDP have been investigated. Materials and Methods: The isotherms were determined using dynamic vapor sorption analyzer at different humidity conditions (0%–90% relative humidity) and three pharmaceutically relevant temperatures (20°C, 30°C, and 40°C). The experimental sorption data determined were fitted to various models, namely, Brunauer–Emmett–Teller; Guggenheim-Anderson-De Boer (GAB); Peleg; and modified GAB. Isosteric heats of sorption were evaluated through the direct use of sorption isotherms by means of the Clausius-Clapeyron equation. Statistical Analysis Used: The sorption model parameters were determined from the experimental sorption data using nonlinear regression analysis, and mean relative percentage deviation (P), correlation (Correl), root mean square error, and model efficiency were considered as the criteria to select the best fit model. Results: The sorption–desorption isotherms have sigmoidal shape – confirming to Type II isotherms. Based on the statistical data analysis, modified GAB model was found to be more adequate to explain sorption characteristics of CDP. It is noted that the rate of adsorption and desorption is specific to the temperature at which it was being studied. It is observed that isosteric heat of sorption decreased with increasing equilibrium moisture content. Conclusions: The calculation of the thermodynamic properties was further used to draw an understanding of the properties of water and energy requirements associated with the sorption behavior. The sorption–desorption data and the set of equations are useful in the simulation of processing, handling, and storage of CDP and further behavior during manufacture and storage of CDP formulations. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-20T14:14:02Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-1ed55b0b2ba346b1abf176dc90ef5d32 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 0975-7406 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-20T14:14:02Z |
| publishDate | 2017-01-01 |
| publisher | Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Pharmacy and Bioallied Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-1ed55b0b2ba346b1abf176dc90ef5d322022-12-21T19:38:05ZengWolters Kluwer Medknow PublicationsJournal of Pharmacy and Bioallied Sciences0975-74062017-01-0191162110.4103/0975-7406.206216Moisture sorption–desorption characteristics and the corresponding thermodynamic properties of carvedilol phosphateRavikiran AlladaArthanareeswari MaruthapillaiKamaraj PalanisamyPraveen ChappaAims: Carvedilol phosphate (CDP) is a nonselective beta-blocker used for the treatment of heart failures and hypertension. In this work, moisture sorption–desorption characteristics and thermodynamic properties of CDP have been investigated. Materials and Methods: The isotherms were determined using dynamic vapor sorption analyzer at different humidity conditions (0%–90% relative humidity) and three pharmaceutically relevant temperatures (20°C, 30°C, and 40°C). The experimental sorption data determined were fitted to various models, namely, Brunauer–Emmett–Teller; Guggenheim-Anderson-De Boer (GAB); Peleg; and modified GAB. Isosteric heats of sorption were evaluated through the direct use of sorption isotherms by means of the Clausius-Clapeyron equation. Statistical Analysis Used: The sorption model parameters were determined from the experimental sorption data using nonlinear regression analysis, and mean relative percentage deviation (P), correlation (Correl), root mean square error, and model efficiency were considered as the criteria to select the best fit model. Results: The sorption–desorption isotherms have sigmoidal shape – confirming to Type II isotherms. Based on the statistical data analysis, modified GAB model was found to be more adequate to explain sorption characteristics of CDP. It is noted that the rate of adsorption and desorption is specific to the temperature at which it was being studied. It is observed that isosteric heat of sorption decreased with increasing equilibrium moisture content. Conclusions: The calculation of the thermodynamic properties was further used to draw an understanding of the properties of water and energy requirements associated with the sorption behavior. The sorption–desorption data and the set of equations are useful in the simulation of processing, handling, and storage of CDP and further behavior during manufacture and storage of CDP formulations.http://www.jpbsonline.org/article.asp?issn=0975-7406;year=2017;volume=9;issue=1;spage=16;epage=21;aulast=AlladaCarvedilolisothermmodel fittingsorptionthermodynamic |
| spellingShingle | Ravikiran Allada Arthanareeswari Maruthapillai Kamaraj Palanisamy Praveen Chappa Moisture sorption–desorption characteristics and the corresponding thermodynamic properties of carvedilol phosphate Journal of Pharmacy and Bioallied Sciences Carvedilol isotherm model fitting sorption thermodynamic |
| title | Moisture sorption–desorption characteristics and the corresponding thermodynamic properties of carvedilol phosphate |
| title_full | Moisture sorption–desorption characteristics and the corresponding thermodynamic properties of carvedilol phosphate |
| title_fullStr | Moisture sorption–desorption characteristics and the corresponding thermodynamic properties of carvedilol phosphate |
| title_full_unstemmed | Moisture sorption–desorption characteristics and the corresponding thermodynamic properties of carvedilol phosphate |
| title_short | Moisture sorption–desorption characteristics and the corresponding thermodynamic properties of carvedilol phosphate |
| title_sort | moisture sorption desorption characteristics and the corresponding thermodynamic properties of carvedilol phosphate |
| topic | Carvedilol isotherm model fitting sorption thermodynamic |
| url | http://www.jpbsonline.org/article.asp?issn=0975-7406;year=2017;volume=9;issue=1;spage=16;epage=21;aulast=Allada |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT ravikiranallada moisturesorptiondesorptioncharacteristicsandthecorrespondingthermodynamicpropertiesofcarvedilolphosphate AT arthanareeswarimaruthapillai moisturesorptiondesorptioncharacteristicsandthecorrespondingthermodynamicpropertiesofcarvedilolphosphate AT kamarajpalanisamy moisturesorptiondesorptioncharacteristicsandthecorrespondingthermodynamicpropertiesofcarvedilolphosphate AT praveenchappa moisturesorptiondesorptioncharacteristicsandthecorrespondingthermodynamicpropertiesofcarvedilolphosphate |