Diagnosis of Infectious Laryngotracheitis Outbreaks on Layer Hen and Broiler Breeder Farms in Vojvodina, Serbia
Infectious laryngotracheitis (ILT) is a respiratory disease of poultry characterized by high morbidity and variable mortality. ILT is caused by <i>Gallid alpha herpesvirus-1</i> (GaHV-1), which is transmitted horizontally and most susceptible are chickens older than 4 weeks. After almost...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2022-12-01
|
| Series: | Animals |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/12/24/3551 |
| _version_ | 1827642166245064704 |
|---|---|
| author | Marko Pajić Slobodan Knežević Biljana Djurdjević Vladimir Polaček Dalibor Todorović Tamaš Petrović Sava Lazić |
| author_facet | Marko Pajić Slobodan Knežević Biljana Djurdjević Vladimir Polaček Dalibor Todorović Tamaš Petrović Sava Lazić |
| author_sort | Marko Pajić |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Infectious laryngotracheitis (ILT) is a respiratory disease of poultry characterized by high morbidity and variable mortality. ILT is caused by <i>Gallid alpha herpesvirus-1</i> (GaHV-1), which is transmitted horizontally and most susceptible are chickens older than 4 weeks. After almost two decades since last appearance of this disease in Vojvodina, an outbreak occurred from April 2020 to August 2021 on five laying hen farms and one broiler breeder flock farm. Clinical signs were mild to severe respiratory symptoms, unilateral or bilateral head swelling, serous nasal discharge, conjunctivitis and increased tearing. There was a decrease in feed consumption (2.1–40.0%) and egg production (2.7–42.0%), weight loss and mortality increased (0.8–31.5%). Pathomorphological changes were localized in the upper respiratory tract. Total of 200 carcasses were examined; 40 pooled samples were analyzed by PCR, and 40 by bacteriological analysis. ILT virus was confirmed in tracheal tissue samples. Infected flocks were not vaccinated against this disease. Five flocks had coinfection with <i>Avibacterium paragallinarum</i>. Three-to-four weeks after the first reported case in the flock, clinical symptoms had ceased. Future control and prevention strategies will involve the procurement of flocks vaccinated by recombinant vaccine or the registration of live attenuated vaccines and their use during the rearing period. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T17:24:44Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-1ef6c64e2dae4ca3b9a8026f9a6cc27b |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-2615 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T17:24:44Z |
| publishDate | 2022-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Animals |
| spelling | doaj.art-1ef6c64e2dae4ca3b9a8026f9a6cc27b2023-11-24T12:51:42ZengMDPI AGAnimals2076-26152022-12-011224355110.3390/ani12243551Diagnosis of Infectious Laryngotracheitis Outbreaks on Layer Hen and Broiler Breeder Farms in Vojvodina, SerbiaMarko Pajić0Slobodan Knežević1Biljana Djurdjević2Vladimir Polaček3Dalibor Todorović4Tamaš Petrović5Sava Lazić6Scientific Veterinary Institute of “Novi Sad”, 21000 Novi Sad, SerbiaScientific Veterinary Institute of “Novi Sad”, 21000 Novi Sad, SerbiaScientific Veterinary Institute of “Novi Sad”, 21000 Novi Sad, SerbiaScientific Veterinary Institute of “Novi Sad”, 21000 Novi Sad, SerbiaScientific Veterinary Institute of “Novi Sad”, 21000 Novi Sad, SerbiaScientific Veterinary Institute of “Novi Sad”, 21000 Novi Sad, SerbiaScientific Veterinary Institute of “Novi Sad”, 21000 Novi Sad, SerbiaInfectious laryngotracheitis (ILT) is a respiratory disease of poultry characterized by high morbidity and variable mortality. ILT is caused by <i>Gallid alpha herpesvirus-1</i> (GaHV-1), which is transmitted horizontally and most susceptible are chickens older than 4 weeks. After almost two decades since last appearance of this disease in Vojvodina, an outbreak occurred from April 2020 to August 2021 on five laying hen farms and one broiler breeder flock farm. Clinical signs were mild to severe respiratory symptoms, unilateral or bilateral head swelling, serous nasal discharge, conjunctivitis and increased tearing. There was a decrease in feed consumption (2.1–40.0%) and egg production (2.7–42.0%), weight loss and mortality increased (0.8–31.5%). Pathomorphological changes were localized in the upper respiratory tract. Total of 200 carcasses were examined; 40 pooled samples were analyzed by PCR, and 40 by bacteriological analysis. ILT virus was confirmed in tracheal tissue samples. Infected flocks were not vaccinated against this disease. Five flocks had coinfection with <i>Avibacterium paragallinarum</i>. Three-to-four weeks after the first reported case in the flock, clinical symptoms had ceased. Future control and prevention strategies will involve the procurement of flocks vaccinated by recombinant vaccine or the registration of live attenuated vaccines and their use during the rearing period.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/12/24/3551laying hensbreeder flocksinfectious laryngotracheitis virusrespiratory symptoms |
| spellingShingle | Marko Pajić Slobodan Knežević Biljana Djurdjević Vladimir Polaček Dalibor Todorović Tamaš Petrović Sava Lazić Diagnosis of Infectious Laryngotracheitis Outbreaks on Layer Hen and Broiler Breeder Farms in Vojvodina, Serbia Animals laying hens breeder flocks infectious laryngotracheitis virus respiratory symptoms |
| title | Diagnosis of Infectious Laryngotracheitis Outbreaks on Layer Hen and Broiler Breeder Farms in Vojvodina, Serbia |
| title_full | Diagnosis of Infectious Laryngotracheitis Outbreaks on Layer Hen and Broiler Breeder Farms in Vojvodina, Serbia |
| title_fullStr | Diagnosis of Infectious Laryngotracheitis Outbreaks on Layer Hen and Broiler Breeder Farms in Vojvodina, Serbia |
| title_full_unstemmed | Diagnosis of Infectious Laryngotracheitis Outbreaks on Layer Hen and Broiler Breeder Farms in Vojvodina, Serbia |
| title_short | Diagnosis of Infectious Laryngotracheitis Outbreaks on Layer Hen and Broiler Breeder Farms in Vojvodina, Serbia |
| title_sort | diagnosis of infectious laryngotracheitis outbreaks on layer hen and broiler breeder farms in vojvodina serbia |
| topic | laying hens breeder flocks infectious laryngotracheitis virus respiratory symptoms |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/12/24/3551 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT markopajic diagnosisofinfectiouslaryngotracheitisoutbreaksonlayerhenandbroilerbreederfarmsinvojvodinaserbia AT slobodanknezevic diagnosisofinfectiouslaryngotracheitisoutbreaksonlayerhenandbroilerbreederfarmsinvojvodinaserbia AT biljanadjurdjevic diagnosisofinfectiouslaryngotracheitisoutbreaksonlayerhenandbroilerbreederfarmsinvojvodinaserbia AT vladimirpolacek diagnosisofinfectiouslaryngotracheitisoutbreaksonlayerhenandbroilerbreederfarmsinvojvodinaserbia AT dalibortodorovic diagnosisofinfectiouslaryngotracheitisoutbreaksonlayerhenandbroilerbreederfarmsinvojvodinaserbia AT tamaspetrovic diagnosisofinfectiouslaryngotracheitisoutbreaksonlayerhenandbroilerbreederfarmsinvojvodinaserbia AT savalazic diagnosisofinfectiouslaryngotracheitisoutbreaksonlayerhenandbroilerbreederfarmsinvojvodinaserbia |