Animal Welfare Considerations When Conducting OECD Test Guideline Inhalation and Toxicokinetic Studies for Nanomaterials
The OECD test guidelines for animal experiments play an important role in evaluating the chemical hazards. Animal tests performed using OECD guidelines, especially when the good laboratory practice (GLP) principle is applied, reduce the duplication of toxicity testing and ensure the best mutual acce...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2022-11-01
|
| Series: | Animals |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/12/23/3305 |
| _version_ | 1797463736894619648 |
|---|---|
| author | Yong Hyun Chung Mary Gulumian Richard C. Pleus Il Je Yu |
| author_facet | Yong Hyun Chung Mary Gulumian Richard C. Pleus Il Je Yu |
| author_sort | Yong Hyun Chung |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The OECD test guidelines for animal experiments play an important role in evaluating the chemical hazards. Animal tests performed using OECD guidelines, especially when the good laboratory practice (GLP) principle is applied, reduce the duplication of toxicity testing and ensure the best mutual acceptance of data by the OECD’s Mutual Acceptance of Data (MAD). The OECD inhalation toxicity test guidelines 412 (28 days) and 413 (90 days) have been revised. These OECD guidelines now reflect the inclusion of nanomaterials and recent scientific and technological developments. In particular, these test guidelines aim to evaluate the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid in the lungs for objective toxicity evaluation, along with the existing subjective histopathological evaluation. For solid particles, the lung burden measurement of particles is required for toxicokinetic studies and, in order to properly perform a toxicokinetic study, two post-exposure observations are recommended. In light of the revised OECD guidelines, we propose a method to reduce the number of animals when testing is conducted for nanomaterials. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T17:54:57Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-1f03135eace541d7b4376f72e33cc27c |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-2615 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T17:54:57Z |
| publishDate | 2022-11-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Animals |
| spelling | doaj.art-1f03135eace541d7b4376f72e33cc27c2023-11-24T10:24:56ZengMDPI AGAnimals2076-26152022-11-011223330510.3390/ani12233305Animal Welfare Considerations When Conducting OECD Test Guideline Inhalation and Toxicokinetic Studies for NanomaterialsYong Hyun Chung0Mary Gulumian1Richard C. Pleus2Il Je Yu3H&H Bio, Hoseo-ro 79-20, Baebang-eup, Asan 31499, Republic of KoreaHaematology and Molecular Medicine, University of the Witwatersrand, Private Bag 3, Johannesburg 2050, South AfricaIntertox, 600 Stewart St #1101, Seattle, WA 98101, USAHCT Co., Ltd., Icheon 17383, Republic of KoreaThe OECD test guidelines for animal experiments play an important role in evaluating the chemical hazards. Animal tests performed using OECD guidelines, especially when the good laboratory practice (GLP) principle is applied, reduce the duplication of toxicity testing and ensure the best mutual acceptance of data by the OECD’s Mutual Acceptance of Data (MAD). The OECD inhalation toxicity test guidelines 412 (28 days) and 413 (90 days) have been revised. These OECD guidelines now reflect the inclusion of nanomaterials and recent scientific and technological developments. In particular, these test guidelines aim to evaluate the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid in the lungs for objective toxicity evaluation, along with the existing subjective histopathological evaluation. For solid particles, the lung burden measurement of particles is required for toxicokinetic studies and, in order to properly perform a toxicokinetic study, two post-exposure observations are recommended. In light of the revised OECD guidelines, we propose a method to reduce the number of animals when testing is conducted for nanomaterials.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/12/23/3305OECD test guideline 412 and 413inhalation toxicity testtoxicokineticslung burden measurementnanomaterialsreducing animal |
| spellingShingle | Yong Hyun Chung Mary Gulumian Richard C. Pleus Il Je Yu Animal Welfare Considerations When Conducting OECD Test Guideline Inhalation and Toxicokinetic Studies for Nanomaterials Animals OECD test guideline 412 and 413 inhalation toxicity test toxicokinetics lung burden measurement nanomaterials reducing animal |
| title | Animal Welfare Considerations When Conducting OECD Test Guideline Inhalation and Toxicokinetic Studies for Nanomaterials |
| title_full | Animal Welfare Considerations When Conducting OECD Test Guideline Inhalation and Toxicokinetic Studies for Nanomaterials |
| title_fullStr | Animal Welfare Considerations When Conducting OECD Test Guideline Inhalation and Toxicokinetic Studies for Nanomaterials |
| title_full_unstemmed | Animal Welfare Considerations When Conducting OECD Test Guideline Inhalation and Toxicokinetic Studies for Nanomaterials |
| title_short | Animal Welfare Considerations When Conducting OECD Test Guideline Inhalation and Toxicokinetic Studies for Nanomaterials |
| title_sort | animal welfare considerations when conducting oecd test guideline inhalation and toxicokinetic studies for nanomaterials |
| topic | OECD test guideline 412 and 413 inhalation toxicity test toxicokinetics lung burden measurement nanomaterials reducing animal |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/12/23/3305 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT yonghyunchung animalwelfareconsiderationswhenconductingoecdtestguidelineinhalationandtoxicokineticstudiesfornanomaterials AT marygulumian animalwelfareconsiderationswhenconductingoecdtestguidelineinhalationandtoxicokineticstudiesfornanomaterials AT richardcpleus animalwelfareconsiderationswhenconductingoecdtestguidelineinhalationandtoxicokineticstudiesfornanomaterials AT iljeyu animalwelfareconsiderationswhenconductingoecdtestguidelineinhalationandtoxicokineticstudiesfornanomaterials |