Active referral plus a small financial incentive upon cessation services use on smoking abstinence: a community-based, cluster-randomised controlled trial
Summary: Background: Many smokers do not use existing free or low-cost smoking cessation services, cost-effective interventions to increase use are needed. Methods: We did a 2-armed cluster randomised controlled trial (cRCT) in Hong Kong, China, to evaluate the effectiveness of active referral plus...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2021-08-01
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| Series: | The Lancet Regional Health. Western Pacific |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666606521000985 |
| _version_ | 1818665671483981824 |
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| author | Xue Weng, PhD Yongda Wu, PhD Tzu Tsun Luk, PhD William Ho Cheung Li, PhD Derek Yee Tak Cheung, PhD Henry Sau Chai Tong, BBA Vienna Lai, MPH Tai Hing Lam, MD Man Ping Wang, PhD |
| author_facet | Xue Weng, PhD Yongda Wu, PhD Tzu Tsun Luk, PhD William Ho Cheung Li, PhD Derek Yee Tak Cheung, PhD Henry Sau Chai Tong, BBA Vienna Lai, MPH Tai Hing Lam, MD Man Ping Wang, PhD |
| author_sort | Xue Weng, PhD |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Summary: Background: Many smokers do not use existing free or low-cost smoking cessation services, cost-effective interventions to increase use are needed. Methods: We did a 2-armed cluster randomised controlled trial (cRCT) in Hong Kong, China, to evaluate the effectiveness of active referral plus a small financial incentive on abstinence. Chinese adult smokers who smoked at least 1 cigarette per day were proactively recruited from 70 community sites (clusters). Random allocation was concealed until the recruitment started. The intervention group received an offer of active referral to cessation services at baseline plus an incentive (HK$300/US$38) after using any cessation services within 3 months. The control group received general brief cessation advice. The primary outcomes were biochemically validated abstinence at 3 and 6 months. Operating costs in real-world implementation was calculated. Trial Registry: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03565796. Findings: Between June and September 2018, 1093 participants were randomly assigned to the intervention (n=563) and control (n=530) groups. By intention-to-treat, the intervention group showed higher validated abstinence than the control group at 3 months (8.4% vs. 4.5%, risk ratio [RR] 1.88, 95% CI 1.01-3.51, P=0.046) and 6 months (7.5% vs. 4.5%, RR 1.72, 95% CI 1.01-2.93, P=0.046). Average cost per validated abstinence was lower in the intervention (US$ 421) than control (US$ 548) group. Interpretation: This cRCT has first shown that a simple, brief, and low-cost intervention with active referral plus a small monetary incentive was effective in increasing smoking abstinence and smoking cessation service use in community smokers. Funding: Hong Kong Council on Smoking and Health. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-17T05:52:21Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-1f0826e9ba6548c091acbb9f5115fd35 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2666-6065 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-17T05:52:21Z |
| publishDate | 2021-08-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | The Lancet Regional Health. Western Pacific |
| spelling | doaj.art-1f0826e9ba6548c091acbb9f5115fd352022-12-21T22:01:07ZengElsevierThe Lancet Regional Health. Western Pacific2666-60652021-08-0113100189Active referral plus a small financial incentive upon cessation services use on smoking abstinence: a community-based, cluster-randomised controlled trialXue Weng, PhD0Yongda Wu, PhD1Tzu Tsun Luk, PhD2William Ho Cheung Li, PhD3Derek Yee Tak Cheung, PhD4Henry Sau Chai Tong, BBA5Vienna Lai, MPH6Tai Hing Lam, MD7Man Ping Wang, PhD8School of Nursing, the University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, ChinaSchool of Nursing, the University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, ChinaSchool of Nursing, the University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, ChinaSchool of Nursing, the University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, ChinaSchool of Nursing, the University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, ChinaHong Kong Council on Smoking and Health, Hong Kong SAR, ChinaHong Kong Council on Smoking and Health, Hong Kong SAR, ChinaSchool of Public Health, the University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, ChinaSchool of Nursing, the University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; Corresponding author: Man Ping Wang, PhD, School of Nursing, The University of Hong Kong, 21 Sassoon Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, ChinaSummary: Background: Many smokers do not use existing free or low-cost smoking cessation services, cost-effective interventions to increase use are needed. Methods: We did a 2-armed cluster randomised controlled trial (cRCT) in Hong Kong, China, to evaluate the effectiveness of active referral plus a small financial incentive on abstinence. Chinese adult smokers who smoked at least 1 cigarette per day were proactively recruited from 70 community sites (clusters). Random allocation was concealed until the recruitment started. The intervention group received an offer of active referral to cessation services at baseline plus an incentive (HK$300/US$38) after using any cessation services within 3 months. The control group received general brief cessation advice. The primary outcomes were biochemically validated abstinence at 3 and 6 months. Operating costs in real-world implementation was calculated. Trial Registry: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03565796. Findings: Between June and September 2018, 1093 participants were randomly assigned to the intervention (n=563) and control (n=530) groups. By intention-to-treat, the intervention group showed higher validated abstinence than the control group at 3 months (8.4% vs. 4.5%, risk ratio [RR] 1.88, 95% CI 1.01-3.51, P=0.046) and 6 months (7.5% vs. 4.5%, RR 1.72, 95% CI 1.01-2.93, P=0.046). Average cost per validated abstinence was lower in the intervention (US$ 421) than control (US$ 548) group. Interpretation: This cRCT has first shown that a simple, brief, and low-cost intervention with active referral plus a small monetary incentive was effective in increasing smoking abstinence and smoking cessation service use in community smokers. Funding: Hong Kong Council on Smoking and Health.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666606521000985smoking cessationservice usefinancial incentivesactive referralcommunitysmoker |
| spellingShingle | Xue Weng, PhD Yongda Wu, PhD Tzu Tsun Luk, PhD William Ho Cheung Li, PhD Derek Yee Tak Cheung, PhD Henry Sau Chai Tong, BBA Vienna Lai, MPH Tai Hing Lam, MD Man Ping Wang, PhD Active referral plus a small financial incentive upon cessation services use on smoking abstinence: a community-based, cluster-randomised controlled trial The Lancet Regional Health. Western Pacific smoking cessation service use financial incentives active referral community smoker |
| title | Active referral plus a small financial incentive upon cessation services use on smoking abstinence: a community-based, cluster-randomised controlled trial |
| title_full | Active referral plus a small financial incentive upon cessation services use on smoking abstinence: a community-based, cluster-randomised controlled trial |
| title_fullStr | Active referral plus a small financial incentive upon cessation services use on smoking abstinence: a community-based, cluster-randomised controlled trial |
| title_full_unstemmed | Active referral plus a small financial incentive upon cessation services use on smoking abstinence: a community-based, cluster-randomised controlled trial |
| title_short | Active referral plus a small financial incentive upon cessation services use on smoking abstinence: a community-based, cluster-randomised controlled trial |
| title_sort | active referral plus a small financial incentive upon cessation services use on smoking abstinence a community based cluster randomised controlled trial |
| topic | smoking cessation service use financial incentives active referral community smoker |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666606521000985 |
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