Continent‐wide parallel urban evolution of increased heat tolerance in a common moth
Abstract Urbanization and its urban‐heat‐island effect (UHI) have expanding footprints worldwide. The UHI means that urban habitats experience a higher mean and more frequent extreme high temperatures than rural habitats, impacting the ontogeny and resilience of urban biodiversity. However, many org...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2024-01-01
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| Series: | Evolutionary Applications |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1111/eva.13636 |
| _version_ | 1797334845764927488 |
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| author | Thomas Merckx Matthew E. Nielsen Tuomas Kankaanpää Tomáš Kadlec Mahtab Yazdanian Sami M. Kivelä |
| author_facet | Thomas Merckx Matthew E. Nielsen Tuomas Kankaanpää Tomáš Kadlec Mahtab Yazdanian Sami M. Kivelä |
| author_sort | Thomas Merckx |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Urbanization and its urban‐heat‐island effect (UHI) have expanding footprints worldwide. The UHI means that urban habitats experience a higher mean and more frequent extreme high temperatures than rural habitats, impacting the ontogeny and resilience of urban biodiversity. However, many organisms occupy different microhabitats during different life stages and thus may experience the UHI differently across their development. While evolutionary changes in heat tolerance in line with the UHI have been demonstrated, it is unknown whether such evolutionary responses can vary across development. Here, using common‐garden‐reared Chiasmia clathrata moths from urban and rural populations from three European countries, we tested for urban evolution of heat shock tolerance in two life stages: larvae and adults. Our results indicate widespread urban evolution of increased heat tolerance in the adult stage only, suggesting that the UHI may be a stronger selective agent in adults. We also found that the difference in heat tolerance between urban and rural populations was similar to the difference between Mid‐ and North‐European regions, suggesting similarity between adaptation to the UHI and natural, latitudinal temperature variation. Our observations incentivize further research to quantify the impact of these UHI adaptations on fitness during urbanization and climate change, and to check whether life‐stage‐specific adaptations in heat tolerance are typical of other ectothermic species that manage to survive in urbanized settings. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-08T08:28:08Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-1f1160c00dec418a80b8ce872c16c064 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1752-4571 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-08T08:28:08Z |
| publishDate | 2024-01-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Evolutionary Applications |
| spelling | doaj.art-1f1160c00dec418a80b8ce872c16c0642024-02-02T04:15:45ZengWileyEvolutionary Applications1752-45712024-01-01171n/an/a10.1111/eva.13636Continent‐wide parallel urban evolution of increased heat tolerance in a common mothThomas Merckx0Matthew E. Nielsen1Tuomas Kankaanpää2Tomáš Kadlec3Mahtab Yazdanian4Sami M. Kivelä5WILD, Biology Department Vrije Universiteit Brussel Brussels BelgiumEcology and Genetics Research Unit University of Oulu Oulu FinlandEcology and Genetics Research Unit University of Oulu Oulu FinlandDepartment of Ecology Czech University of Life Sciences Prague Prague Czech RepublicEcology and Genetics Research Unit University of Oulu Oulu FinlandEcology and Genetics Research Unit University of Oulu Oulu FinlandAbstract Urbanization and its urban‐heat‐island effect (UHI) have expanding footprints worldwide. The UHI means that urban habitats experience a higher mean and more frequent extreme high temperatures than rural habitats, impacting the ontogeny and resilience of urban biodiversity. However, many organisms occupy different microhabitats during different life stages and thus may experience the UHI differently across their development. While evolutionary changes in heat tolerance in line with the UHI have been demonstrated, it is unknown whether such evolutionary responses can vary across development. Here, using common‐garden‐reared Chiasmia clathrata moths from urban and rural populations from three European countries, we tested for urban evolution of heat shock tolerance in two life stages: larvae and adults. Our results indicate widespread urban evolution of increased heat tolerance in the adult stage only, suggesting that the UHI may be a stronger selective agent in adults. We also found that the difference in heat tolerance between urban and rural populations was similar to the difference between Mid‐ and North‐European regions, suggesting similarity between adaptation to the UHI and natural, latitudinal temperature variation. Our observations incentivize further research to quantify the impact of these UHI adaptations on fitness during urbanization and climate change, and to check whether life‐stage‐specific adaptations in heat tolerance are typical of other ectothermic species that manage to survive in urbanized settings.https://doi.org/10.1111/eva.13636heat knock‐down time (HKDT)heat tolerancelatitudinal variationlepidopteraurban evolutionurban‐heat‐island effect (UHI) |
| spellingShingle | Thomas Merckx Matthew E. Nielsen Tuomas Kankaanpää Tomáš Kadlec Mahtab Yazdanian Sami M. Kivelä Continent‐wide parallel urban evolution of increased heat tolerance in a common moth Evolutionary Applications heat knock‐down time (HKDT) heat tolerance latitudinal variation lepidoptera urban evolution urban‐heat‐island effect (UHI) |
| title | Continent‐wide parallel urban evolution of increased heat tolerance in a common moth |
| title_full | Continent‐wide parallel urban evolution of increased heat tolerance in a common moth |
| title_fullStr | Continent‐wide parallel urban evolution of increased heat tolerance in a common moth |
| title_full_unstemmed | Continent‐wide parallel urban evolution of increased heat tolerance in a common moth |
| title_short | Continent‐wide parallel urban evolution of increased heat tolerance in a common moth |
| title_sort | continent wide parallel urban evolution of increased heat tolerance in a common moth |
| topic | heat knock‐down time (HKDT) heat tolerance latitudinal variation lepidoptera urban evolution urban‐heat‐island effect (UHI) |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1111/eva.13636 |
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