Distinct Shades of Adipocytes Control the Metabolic Roles of Adipose Tissues: From Their Origins to Their Relevance for Medical Applications
Adipose tissue resides in specific depots scattered in peripheral or deeper locations all over the body and it enwraps most of the organs. This tissue is always in a dynamic evolution as it must adapt to the metabolic demand and constraints. It exhibits also endocrine functions important to regulate...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-01-01
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| Series: | Biomedicines |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9059/9/1/40 |
| _version_ | 1797542233896910848 |
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| author | Annie Ladoux Pascal Peraldi Bérengère Chignon-Sicard Christian Dani |
| author_facet | Annie Ladoux Pascal Peraldi Bérengère Chignon-Sicard Christian Dani |
| author_sort | Annie Ladoux |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Adipose tissue resides in specific depots scattered in peripheral or deeper locations all over the body and it enwraps most of the organs. This tissue is always in a dynamic evolution as it must adapt to the metabolic demand and constraints. It exhibits also endocrine functions important to regulate energy homeostasis. This complex organ is composed of depots able to produce opposite functions to monitor energy: the so called white adipose tissue acts to store energy as triglycerides preventing ectopic fat deposition while the brown adipose depots dissipate it. It is composed of many cell types. Different types of adipocytes constitute the mature cells specialized to store or burn energy. Immature adipose progenitors (AP) presenting stem cells properties contribute not only to the maintenance but also to the expansion of this tissue as observed in overweight or obese individuals. They display a high regeneration potential offering a great interest for cell therapy. In this review, we will depict the attributes of the distinct types of adipocytes and their contribution to the function and metabolic features of adipose tissue. We will examine the specific role and properties of distinct depots according to their location. We will consider their cellular heterogeneity to present an updated picture of this sophisticated tissue. We will also introduce new trends pointing out a rational targeting of adipose tissue for medical applications. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T13:27:46Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-1f11b8cca6074dfdb769e480b10c6a85 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2227-9059 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T13:27:46Z |
| publishDate | 2021-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Biomedicines |
| spelling | doaj.art-1f11b8cca6074dfdb769e480b10c6a852023-11-21T08:34:18ZengMDPI AGBiomedicines2227-90592021-01-01914010.3390/biomedicines9010040Distinct Shades of Adipocytes Control the Metabolic Roles of Adipose Tissues: From Their Origins to Their Relevance for Medical ApplicationsAnnie Ladoux0Pascal Peraldi1Bérengère Chignon-Sicard2Christian Dani3Université Côte d’Azur, CNRS, INSERM, iBV, 06107 Nice, FranceUniversité Côte d’Azur, CNRS, INSERM, iBV, 06107 Nice, FranceDepartment of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Université Côte d’Azur, Pasteur2 Hospital, 06107 Nice, FranceUniversité Côte d’Azur, CNRS, INSERM, iBV, 06107 Nice, FranceAdipose tissue resides in specific depots scattered in peripheral or deeper locations all over the body and it enwraps most of the organs. This tissue is always in a dynamic evolution as it must adapt to the metabolic demand and constraints. It exhibits also endocrine functions important to regulate energy homeostasis. This complex organ is composed of depots able to produce opposite functions to monitor energy: the so called white adipose tissue acts to store energy as triglycerides preventing ectopic fat deposition while the brown adipose depots dissipate it. It is composed of many cell types. Different types of adipocytes constitute the mature cells specialized to store or burn energy. Immature adipose progenitors (AP) presenting stem cells properties contribute not only to the maintenance but also to the expansion of this tissue as observed in overweight or obese individuals. They display a high regeneration potential offering a great interest for cell therapy. In this review, we will depict the attributes of the distinct types of adipocytes and their contribution to the function and metabolic features of adipose tissue. We will examine the specific role and properties of distinct depots according to their location. We will consider their cellular heterogeneity to present an updated picture of this sophisticated tissue. We will also introduce new trends pointing out a rational targeting of adipose tissue for medical applications.https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9059/9/1/40adipocytesadipose progenitorswhite adipose tissuebrown/beige adipose tissuebreast adipose tissueepicardial adipose tissue |
| spellingShingle | Annie Ladoux Pascal Peraldi Bérengère Chignon-Sicard Christian Dani Distinct Shades of Adipocytes Control the Metabolic Roles of Adipose Tissues: From Their Origins to Their Relevance for Medical Applications Biomedicines adipocytes adipose progenitors white adipose tissue brown/beige adipose tissue breast adipose tissue epicardial adipose tissue |
| title | Distinct Shades of Adipocytes Control the Metabolic Roles of Adipose Tissues: From Their Origins to Their Relevance for Medical Applications |
| title_full | Distinct Shades of Adipocytes Control the Metabolic Roles of Adipose Tissues: From Their Origins to Their Relevance for Medical Applications |
| title_fullStr | Distinct Shades of Adipocytes Control the Metabolic Roles of Adipose Tissues: From Their Origins to Their Relevance for Medical Applications |
| title_full_unstemmed | Distinct Shades of Adipocytes Control the Metabolic Roles of Adipose Tissues: From Their Origins to Their Relevance for Medical Applications |
| title_short | Distinct Shades of Adipocytes Control the Metabolic Roles of Adipose Tissues: From Their Origins to Their Relevance for Medical Applications |
| title_sort | distinct shades of adipocytes control the metabolic roles of adipose tissues from their origins to their relevance for medical applications |
| topic | adipocytes adipose progenitors white adipose tissue brown/beige adipose tissue breast adipose tissue epicardial adipose tissue |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9059/9/1/40 |
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