Prevalence of resistance associated polymorphisms in <it>Plasmodium falciparum </it>field isolates from southern Pakistan
<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Scarce data are available on <it>Plasmodium falciparum </it>anti-malarial drug resistance in Pakistan. The aim of this study was, therefore, to determine the prevalence of <it>P. falciparum </it>resistance ass...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2011-01-01
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| Series: | Malaria Journal |
| Online Access: | http://www.malariajournal.com/content/10/1/18 |
| _version_ | 1818029145971490816 |
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| author | Beg Mohammad A Veiga Maria I Ursing Johan Ghanchi Najia Jafri Sana Mårtensson Andreas |
| author_facet | Beg Mohammad A Veiga Maria I Ursing Johan Ghanchi Najia Jafri Sana Mårtensson Andreas |
| author_sort | Beg Mohammad A |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Scarce data are available on <it>Plasmodium falciparum </it>anti-malarial drug resistance in Pakistan. The aim of this study was, therefore, to determine the prevalence of <it>P. falciparum </it>resistance associated polymorphisms in field isolates from southern Pakistan.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>Blood samples from 244 patients with blood-slide confirmed <it>P. falciparum </it>mono-infections were collected between 2005-2007. Single nucleotide polymorphisms in the <it>P. falciparum </it>chloroquine resistance transporter (<it>pfcrt </it>K76T), multi drug resistance (<it>pfmdr1 </it>N86Y), dihydrofolate reductase (<it>pfdhfr </it>A16V, N51I, C59R, S108N, I164L) and dihydropteroate synthetase (<it>pfdhps </it>A436S, G437A and E540K) genes and <it>pfmdr1 </it>gene copy numbers were determined using PCR based methods.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>The prevalence of <it>pfcrt </it>76T and <it>pfmdr1 </it>86Y was 93% and 57%, respectively. The prevalence of <it>pfdhfr </it>double mutations 59R + 108N/51R + 108N was 92%. The <it>pfdhfr </it>triple mutation (51I, 59R, 108N) occurred in 3% of samples. The <it>pfdhfr </it>(51I, 59R, 108N) and <it>pfdhps </it>(437G, 540E) quintuple mutation was found in one isolate. <it>Pfdhps </it>437G was observed in 51% and 540E in 1% of the isolates. One isolate had two <it>pfmdr1 </it>copies and carried the <it>pfmdr1 </it>86Y and <it>pfcrt </it>76T alleles.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>The results indicate high prevalence of <it>in vivo </it>resistance to chloroquine, whereas high grade resistance to sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine does not appear to be widespread among <it>P. falciparum </it>in southern Pakistan.</p> |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-10T05:15:02Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-1f19b3d107ca4773a835375b4a4cdfbf |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1475-2875 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-10T05:15:02Z |
| publishDate | 2011-01-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Malaria Journal |
| spelling | doaj.art-1f19b3d107ca4773a835375b4a4cdfbf2022-12-22T02:00:59ZengBMCMalaria Journal1475-28752011-01-011011810.1186/1475-2875-10-18Prevalence of resistance associated polymorphisms in <it>Plasmodium falciparum </it>field isolates from southern PakistanBeg Mohammad AVeiga Maria IUrsing JohanGhanchi NajiaJafri SanaMårtensson Andreas<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Scarce data are available on <it>Plasmodium falciparum </it>anti-malarial drug resistance in Pakistan. The aim of this study was, therefore, to determine the prevalence of <it>P. falciparum </it>resistance associated polymorphisms in field isolates from southern Pakistan.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>Blood samples from 244 patients with blood-slide confirmed <it>P. falciparum </it>mono-infections were collected between 2005-2007. Single nucleotide polymorphisms in the <it>P. falciparum </it>chloroquine resistance transporter (<it>pfcrt </it>K76T), multi drug resistance (<it>pfmdr1 </it>N86Y), dihydrofolate reductase (<it>pfdhfr </it>A16V, N51I, C59R, S108N, I164L) and dihydropteroate synthetase (<it>pfdhps </it>A436S, G437A and E540K) genes and <it>pfmdr1 </it>gene copy numbers were determined using PCR based methods.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>The prevalence of <it>pfcrt </it>76T and <it>pfmdr1 </it>86Y was 93% and 57%, respectively. The prevalence of <it>pfdhfr </it>double mutations 59R + 108N/51R + 108N was 92%. The <it>pfdhfr </it>triple mutation (51I, 59R, 108N) occurred in 3% of samples. The <it>pfdhfr </it>(51I, 59R, 108N) and <it>pfdhps </it>(437G, 540E) quintuple mutation was found in one isolate. <it>Pfdhps </it>437G was observed in 51% and 540E in 1% of the isolates. One isolate had two <it>pfmdr1 </it>copies and carried the <it>pfmdr1 </it>86Y and <it>pfcrt </it>76T alleles.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>The results indicate high prevalence of <it>in vivo </it>resistance to chloroquine, whereas high grade resistance to sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine does not appear to be widespread among <it>P. falciparum </it>in southern Pakistan.</p>http://www.malariajournal.com/content/10/1/18 |
| spellingShingle | Beg Mohammad A Veiga Maria I Ursing Johan Ghanchi Najia Jafri Sana Mårtensson Andreas Prevalence of resistance associated polymorphisms in <it>Plasmodium falciparum </it>field isolates from southern Pakistan Malaria Journal |
| title | Prevalence of resistance associated polymorphisms in <it>Plasmodium falciparum </it>field isolates from southern Pakistan |
| title_full | Prevalence of resistance associated polymorphisms in <it>Plasmodium falciparum </it>field isolates from southern Pakistan |
| title_fullStr | Prevalence of resistance associated polymorphisms in <it>Plasmodium falciparum </it>field isolates from southern Pakistan |
| title_full_unstemmed | Prevalence of resistance associated polymorphisms in <it>Plasmodium falciparum </it>field isolates from southern Pakistan |
| title_short | Prevalence of resistance associated polymorphisms in <it>Plasmodium falciparum </it>field isolates from southern Pakistan |
| title_sort | prevalence of resistance associated polymorphisms in it plasmodium falciparum it field isolates from southern pakistan |
| url | http://www.malariajournal.com/content/10/1/18 |
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