The Effects of Mental Imagery and Physical Practice on Learning Dart-Throwing in Children with ADHD
The effects of motor imagery and physical practice on motor learning in individuals with ADHD received very little attention. Therefore, in the present study, we aimed to examine the effects of motor imagery and physical practice on motor performance and learning dart-throwing in adolescents with AD...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Rahman Institute of Higher Education
2022-10-01
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| Series: | Journal of Modern Psychology |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://modernpsy.rahman.ac.ir/article_167526_95c37d7045397a575b45f4ac34cce972.pdf |
| _version_ | 1827298548672102400 |
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| author | Mir Hamid Salehian Roya Hosseinzadeh Peyghan Forough ShafaeianFard Sedigheh Khajeaflaton Mofrad |
| author_facet | Mir Hamid Salehian Roya Hosseinzadeh Peyghan Forough ShafaeianFard Sedigheh Khajeaflaton Mofrad |
| author_sort | Mir Hamid Salehian |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The effects of motor imagery and physical practice on motor learning in individuals with ADHD received very little attention. Therefore, in the present study, we aimed to examine the effects of motor imagery and physical practice on motor performance and learning dart-throwing in adolescents with ADHD. The current research was based on a causal-comparative approach. The participants included 60 adolescents with ADHD (with the age range of 12 to 17 years) randomly and equally assigned into four groups: 1) motor imagery, 2) physical practice, 3) combination of motor imagery and physical practice, and 4) control. The motor task involved dart-throwing, in which the accurate throw score was measured as the dependent variable. The participants performed the pre-test (ten throws) and the retention test (ten throws). ANOVA was run to analyze the throwing accuracy. Results showed that all groups had similar throwing scores in the pretest, however, in the retention test, the results indicated that combination group had significantly better throwing scores than all other groups (in all groups, P=0.000). In addition, physical practice group had significantly better throwing scores than motor imagery and control groups (both P=0.000). Finally, motor imagery group had significantly better throwing scores than control group (P=0.000). Individuals with ADHD benefit from motor imagery, indicating that they have the necessary mechanisms to learn new skills through motor imagery. Moreover, a combination of motor imagery and physical practice would be a better strategy for learning new motor skills. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-24T15:16:47Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-1f1e65a974ab41498de515dc1e719cf1 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2783-4433 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-24T15:16:47Z |
| publishDate | 2022-10-01 |
| publisher | Rahman Institute of Higher Education |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Modern Psychology |
| spelling | doaj.art-1f1e65a974ab41498de515dc1e719cf12024-04-02T09:10:54ZengRahman Institute of Higher EducationJournal of Modern Psychology2783-44332022-10-01241710.22034/jmp.2022.385938.1050167526The Effects of Mental Imagery and Physical Practice on Learning Dart-Throwing in Children with ADHDMir Hamid Salehian0Roya Hosseinzadeh Peyghan1Forough ShafaeianFard2Sedigheh Khajeaflaton Mofrad3Department of Physical Education, Tabriz branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, IranDepartment of Physical Education, Tabriz branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, IranMSc Student, Department of Psychology, Bandargaz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Bandargaz, IranDepartment of Physical Education, Farhangian University, Gorgan, Iran.The effects of motor imagery and physical practice on motor learning in individuals with ADHD received very little attention. Therefore, in the present study, we aimed to examine the effects of motor imagery and physical practice on motor performance and learning dart-throwing in adolescents with ADHD. The current research was based on a causal-comparative approach. The participants included 60 adolescents with ADHD (with the age range of 12 to 17 years) randomly and equally assigned into four groups: 1) motor imagery, 2) physical practice, 3) combination of motor imagery and physical practice, and 4) control. The motor task involved dart-throwing, in which the accurate throw score was measured as the dependent variable. The participants performed the pre-test (ten throws) and the retention test (ten throws). ANOVA was run to analyze the throwing accuracy. Results showed that all groups had similar throwing scores in the pretest, however, in the retention test, the results indicated that combination group had significantly better throwing scores than all other groups (in all groups, P=0.000). In addition, physical practice group had significantly better throwing scores than motor imagery and control groups (both P=0.000). Finally, motor imagery group had significantly better throwing scores than control group (P=0.000). Individuals with ADHD benefit from motor imagery, indicating that they have the necessary mechanisms to learn new skills through motor imagery. Moreover, a combination of motor imagery and physical practice would be a better strategy for learning new motor skills.https://modernpsy.rahman.ac.ir/article_167526_95c37d7045397a575b45f4ac34cce972.pdfadhddart throwmotor imageryphysical practice |
| spellingShingle | Mir Hamid Salehian Roya Hosseinzadeh Peyghan Forough ShafaeianFard Sedigheh Khajeaflaton Mofrad The Effects of Mental Imagery and Physical Practice on Learning Dart-Throwing in Children with ADHD Journal of Modern Psychology adhd dart throw motor imagery physical practice |
| title | The Effects of Mental Imagery and Physical Practice on Learning Dart-Throwing in Children with ADHD |
| title_full | The Effects of Mental Imagery and Physical Practice on Learning Dart-Throwing in Children with ADHD |
| title_fullStr | The Effects of Mental Imagery and Physical Practice on Learning Dart-Throwing in Children with ADHD |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Effects of Mental Imagery and Physical Practice on Learning Dart-Throwing in Children with ADHD |
| title_short | The Effects of Mental Imagery and Physical Practice on Learning Dart-Throwing in Children with ADHD |
| title_sort | effects of mental imagery and physical practice on learning dart throwing in children with adhd |
| topic | adhd dart throw motor imagery physical practice |
| url | https://modernpsy.rahman.ac.ir/article_167526_95c37d7045397a575b45f4ac34cce972.pdf |
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