Vertical Correlation and Array Gain Analysis for Vertical Line Array in Deep Water
Array gain (AG) is significant in evaluating the detection performance of the vertical line array, which is directly determined by the correlation of signal and noise, respectively. In this paper, we analyze the vertical correlation for a 16-element vertical line array experimented in the deep ocean...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2020-07-01
|
| Series: | Applied Sciences |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/10/14/4709 |
| _version_ | 1797562994904793088 |
|---|---|
| author | Yan Liang Zhou Meng Yu Chen Zemin Zhou Mo Chen |
| author_facet | Yan Liang Zhou Meng Yu Chen Zemin Zhou Mo Chen |
| author_sort | Yan Liang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Array gain (AG) is significant in evaluating the detection performance of the vertical line array, which is directly determined by the correlation of signal and noise, respectively. In this paper, we analyze the vertical correlation for a 16-element vertical line array experimented in the deep ocean in 2016. The ray interference theory is utilized to interpret the mechanism of the vertical correlation of the sound field in different zones. In the direct-arrival zone, the direct rays and once-surface-reflected rays are two dominated components, whose arrival time difference for each element are nearly the same, and the vertical correlation is high. In the shadow zone, the sound field is mainly dominated by bottom-reflected rays and the vertical correlation decreases due to different grazing angles and arrival times of each ray. Different from the previous assumption of noise independence, the effect of noise correlation on the AG is analyzed through the measured marine environmental noise. Results indicate that the noise correlation coefficients in two zones are low but not 0. In the direct-arrival zone, AG is about 10 dB, very close to the ideal value of <inline-formula> <math display="inline"> <semantics> <mrow> <mn>10</mn> <mi>log</mi> <mi>M</mi> </mrow> </semantics> </math> </inline-formula>. AG even exceeds it when NG is negative. Moreover, AG in the direct-arrival zone is higher than the one in the shadow zone. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T18:36:16Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-1f2a2eaf2e0141c99f3c16d0f246055e |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-3417 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T18:36:16Z |
| publishDate | 2020-07-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Applied Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-1f2a2eaf2e0141c99f3c16d0f246055e2023-11-20T06:11:22ZengMDPI AGApplied Sciences2076-34172020-07-011014470910.3390/app10144709Vertical Correlation and Array Gain Analysis for Vertical Line Array in Deep WaterYan Liang0Zhou Meng1Yu Chen2Zemin Zhou3Mo Chen4College of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, ChinaCollege of Meteorology and Oceanography, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, ChinaCollege of Meteorology and Oceanography, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, ChinaCollege of Meteorology and Oceanography, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, ChinaCollege of Meteorology and Oceanography, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, ChinaArray gain (AG) is significant in evaluating the detection performance of the vertical line array, which is directly determined by the correlation of signal and noise, respectively. In this paper, we analyze the vertical correlation for a 16-element vertical line array experimented in the deep ocean in 2016. The ray interference theory is utilized to interpret the mechanism of the vertical correlation of the sound field in different zones. In the direct-arrival zone, the direct rays and once-surface-reflected rays are two dominated components, whose arrival time difference for each element are nearly the same, and the vertical correlation is high. In the shadow zone, the sound field is mainly dominated by bottom-reflected rays and the vertical correlation decreases due to different grazing angles and arrival times of each ray. Different from the previous assumption of noise independence, the effect of noise correlation on the AG is analyzed through the measured marine environmental noise. Results indicate that the noise correlation coefficients in two zones are low but not 0. In the direct-arrival zone, AG is about 10 dB, very close to the ideal value of <inline-formula> <math display="inline"> <semantics> <mrow> <mn>10</mn> <mi>log</mi> <mi>M</mi> </mrow> </semantics> </math> </inline-formula>. AG even exceeds it when NG is negative. Moreover, AG in the direct-arrival zone is higher than the one in the shadow zone.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/10/14/4709array gain (AG)signal correlationnoise correlationdirect-arrival zoneshadow zonevertical line array (VLA) |
| spellingShingle | Yan Liang Zhou Meng Yu Chen Zemin Zhou Mo Chen Vertical Correlation and Array Gain Analysis for Vertical Line Array in Deep Water Applied Sciences array gain (AG) signal correlation noise correlation direct-arrival zone shadow zone vertical line array (VLA) |
| title | Vertical Correlation and Array Gain Analysis for Vertical Line Array in Deep Water |
| title_full | Vertical Correlation and Array Gain Analysis for Vertical Line Array in Deep Water |
| title_fullStr | Vertical Correlation and Array Gain Analysis for Vertical Line Array in Deep Water |
| title_full_unstemmed | Vertical Correlation and Array Gain Analysis for Vertical Line Array in Deep Water |
| title_short | Vertical Correlation and Array Gain Analysis for Vertical Line Array in Deep Water |
| title_sort | vertical correlation and array gain analysis for vertical line array in deep water |
| topic | array gain (AG) signal correlation noise correlation direct-arrival zone shadow zone vertical line array (VLA) |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/10/14/4709 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT yanliang verticalcorrelationandarraygainanalysisforverticallinearrayindeepwater AT zhoumeng verticalcorrelationandarraygainanalysisforverticallinearrayindeepwater AT yuchen verticalcorrelationandarraygainanalysisforverticallinearrayindeepwater AT zeminzhou verticalcorrelationandarraygainanalysisforverticallinearrayindeepwater AT mochen verticalcorrelationandarraygainanalysisforverticallinearrayindeepwater |