Ancient Mitogenomes Suggest Stable Mitochondrial Clades of the Siberian Roe Deer
The roe deer (<i>Capreolus</i> spp.) has been present in China since the early Pleistocene. Despite abundant fossils available for detailed morphological analyses, little is known about the phylogenetic relationships of the fossil individuals to contemporary roe deer. We generated near-c...
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MDPI AG
2022-01-01
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4425/13/1/114 |
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| author | Miao-Xuan Deng Bo Xiao Jun-Xia Yuan Jia-Ming Hu Kyung Seok Kim Michael V. Westbury Xu-Long Lai Gui-Lian Sheng |
| author_facet | Miao-Xuan Deng Bo Xiao Jun-Xia Yuan Jia-Ming Hu Kyung Seok Kim Michael V. Westbury Xu-Long Lai Gui-Lian Sheng |
| author_sort | Miao-Xuan Deng |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The roe deer (<i>Capreolus</i> spp.) has been present in China since the early Pleistocene. Despite abundant fossils available for detailed morphological analyses, little is known about the phylogenetic relationships of the fossil individuals to contemporary roe deer. We generated near-complete mitochondrial genomes for four roe deer remains from Northeastern China to explore the genetic connection of the ancient roe deer to the extant populations and to investigate the evolutionary history and population dynamics of this species. Phylogenetic analyses indicated the four ancient samples fall into three out of four different haplogroups of the Siberian roe deer. Haplogroup C, distributed throughout Eurasia, have existed in Northeastern China since at least the Late Pleistocene, while haplogroup A and D, found in the east of Lake Baikal, emerged in Northeastern China after the Mid Holocene. The Bayesian estimation suggested that the first split within the Siberian roe deer occurred approximately 0.34 million years ago (Ma). Moreover, Bayesian skyline plot analyses suggested that the Siberian roe deer had a population increase between 325 and 225 thousand years ago (Kya) and suffered a transient decline between 50 and 18 Kya. This study provides novel insights into the evolutionary history and population dynamics of the roe deer. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T01:24:33Z |
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| id | doaj.art-1f36d98287be45ad95bf52bf71cb8389 |
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| issn | 2073-4425 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T01:24:33Z |
| publishDate | 2022-01-01 |
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| spelling | doaj.art-1f36d98287be45ad95bf52bf71cb83892023-11-23T13:52:35ZengMDPI AGGenes2073-44252022-01-0113111410.3390/genes13010114Ancient Mitogenomes Suggest Stable Mitochondrial Clades of the Siberian Roe DeerMiao-Xuan Deng0Bo Xiao1Jun-Xia Yuan2Jia-Ming Hu3Kyung Seok Kim4Michael V. Westbury5Xu-Long Lai6Gui-Lian Sheng7School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430078, ChinaSchool of Earth Science, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430078, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430078, ChinaSchool of Earth Science, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430078, ChinaDepartment of Ecology, Evolution, and Organismal Biology, lowa State University, Ames, IA 77575, USAGLOBE Institute, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Øster Voldgade 5-7, 1353 Copenhagen, DenmarkSchool of Earth Science, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430078, ChinaSchool of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430078, ChinaThe roe deer (<i>Capreolus</i> spp.) has been present in China since the early Pleistocene. Despite abundant fossils available for detailed morphological analyses, little is known about the phylogenetic relationships of the fossil individuals to contemporary roe deer. We generated near-complete mitochondrial genomes for four roe deer remains from Northeastern China to explore the genetic connection of the ancient roe deer to the extant populations and to investigate the evolutionary history and population dynamics of this species. Phylogenetic analyses indicated the four ancient samples fall into three out of four different haplogroups of the Siberian roe deer. Haplogroup C, distributed throughout Eurasia, have existed in Northeastern China since at least the Late Pleistocene, while haplogroup A and D, found in the east of Lake Baikal, emerged in Northeastern China after the Mid Holocene. The Bayesian estimation suggested that the first split within the Siberian roe deer occurred approximately 0.34 million years ago (Ma). Moreover, Bayesian skyline plot analyses suggested that the Siberian roe deer had a population increase between 325 and 225 thousand years ago (Kya) and suffered a transient decline between 50 and 18 Kya. This study provides novel insights into the evolutionary history and population dynamics of the roe deer.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4425/13/1/114roe deerancient DNAmitochondrial genomeevolutionary historypopulation dynamics |
| spellingShingle | Miao-Xuan Deng Bo Xiao Jun-Xia Yuan Jia-Ming Hu Kyung Seok Kim Michael V. Westbury Xu-Long Lai Gui-Lian Sheng Ancient Mitogenomes Suggest Stable Mitochondrial Clades of the Siberian Roe Deer Genes roe deer ancient DNA mitochondrial genome evolutionary history population dynamics |
| title | Ancient Mitogenomes Suggest Stable Mitochondrial Clades of the Siberian Roe Deer |
| title_full | Ancient Mitogenomes Suggest Stable Mitochondrial Clades of the Siberian Roe Deer |
| title_fullStr | Ancient Mitogenomes Suggest Stable Mitochondrial Clades of the Siberian Roe Deer |
| title_full_unstemmed | Ancient Mitogenomes Suggest Stable Mitochondrial Clades of the Siberian Roe Deer |
| title_short | Ancient Mitogenomes Suggest Stable Mitochondrial Clades of the Siberian Roe Deer |
| title_sort | ancient mitogenomes suggest stable mitochondrial clades of the siberian roe deer |
| topic | roe deer ancient DNA mitochondrial genome evolutionary history population dynamics |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4425/13/1/114 |
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