Infectious Bronchitis Virus: A Comprehensive Multilocus Genomic Analysis to Compare DMV/1639 and QX Strains
Infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) is a highly variable RNA virus that affects chickens worldwide. Due to its inherited tendency to suffer point mutations and recombination events during viral replication, emergent IBV strains have been linked to nephropathogenic and reproductive disease that are mor...
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MDPI AG
2022-09-01
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| Series: | Viruses |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/14/9/1998 |
| _version_ | 1827655749556240384 |
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| author | Ana P. da Silva Rachel Jude Rodrigo A. Gallardo |
| author_facet | Ana P. da Silva Rachel Jude Rodrigo A. Gallardo |
| author_sort | Ana P. da Silva |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) is a highly variable RNA virus that affects chickens worldwide. Due to its inherited tendency to suffer point mutations and recombination events during viral replication, emergent IBV strains have been linked to nephropathogenic and reproductive disease that are more severe than typical respiratory disease, leading, in some cases, to mortality, severe production losses, and/or unsuccessful vaccination. QX and DMV/1639 strains are examples of the above-mentioned IBV evolutionary pathway and clinical outcome. In this study, our purpose was to systematically compare whole genomes of QX and DMV strains looking at each IBV gene individually. Phylogenetic analyses and amino acid site searches were performed in datasets obtained from GenBank accounting for all IBV genes and using our own relevant sequences as a basis. The QX dataset studied is more genetically diverse than the DMV dataset, partially due to the greater epidemiological diversity within the five QX strains used as a basis compared to the four DMV strains from our study. Historically, QX strains have emerged and spread earlier than DMV strains in Europe and Asia. Consequently, there are more QX sequences deposited in GenBank than DMV strains, assisting in the identification of a larger pool of QX strains. It is likely that a similar evolutionary pattern will be observed among DMV strains as they develop and spread in North America. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T22:12:59Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-1f3cfa932e9f4f839e903f13afd2df50 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1999-4915 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T22:12:59Z |
| publishDate | 2022-09-01 |
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| series | Viruses |
| spelling | doaj.art-1f3cfa932e9f4f839e903f13afd2df502023-11-23T19:27:50ZengMDPI AGViruses1999-49152022-09-01149199810.3390/v14091998Infectious Bronchitis Virus: A Comprehensive Multilocus Genomic Analysis to Compare DMV/1639 and QX StrainsAna P. da Silva0Rachel Jude1Rodrigo A. Gallardo2Department of Population Health and Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, 1089 Veterinary Medicine Drive, 4009 VM3B, Davis, CA 95616, USADepartment of Population Health and Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, 1089 Veterinary Medicine Drive, 4009 VM3B, Davis, CA 95616, USADepartment of Population Health and Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, 1089 Veterinary Medicine Drive, 4009 VM3B, Davis, CA 95616, USAInfectious bronchitis virus (IBV) is a highly variable RNA virus that affects chickens worldwide. Due to its inherited tendency to suffer point mutations and recombination events during viral replication, emergent IBV strains have been linked to nephropathogenic and reproductive disease that are more severe than typical respiratory disease, leading, in some cases, to mortality, severe production losses, and/or unsuccessful vaccination. QX and DMV/1639 strains are examples of the above-mentioned IBV evolutionary pathway and clinical outcome. In this study, our purpose was to systematically compare whole genomes of QX and DMV strains looking at each IBV gene individually. Phylogenetic analyses and amino acid site searches were performed in datasets obtained from GenBank accounting for all IBV genes and using our own relevant sequences as a basis. The QX dataset studied is more genetically diverse than the DMV dataset, partially due to the greater epidemiological diversity within the five QX strains used as a basis compared to the four DMV strains from our study. Historically, QX strains have emerged and spread earlier than DMV strains in Europe and Asia. Consequently, there are more QX sequences deposited in GenBank than DMV strains, assisting in the identification of a larger pool of QX strains. It is likely that a similar evolutionary pattern will be observed among DMV strains as they develop and spread in North America.https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/14/9/1998infectious bronchitisviral evolutionwhole genome sequencingDMVQX |
| spellingShingle | Ana P. da Silva Rachel Jude Rodrigo A. Gallardo Infectious Bronchitis Virus: A Comprehensive Multilocus Genomic Analysis to Compare DMV/1639 and QX Strains Viruses infectious bronchitis viral evolution whole genome sequencing DMV QX |
| title | Infectious Bronchitis Virus: A Comprehensive Multilocus Genomic Analysis to Compare DMV/1639 and QX Strains |
| title_full | Infectious Bronchitis Virus: A Comprehensive Multilocus Genomic Analysis to Compare DMV/1639 and QX Strains |
| title_fullStr | Infectious Bronchitis Virus: A Comprehensive Multilocus Genomic Analysis to Compare DMV/1639 and QX Strains |
| title_full_unstemmed | Infectious Bronchitis Virus: A Comprehensive Multilocus Genomic Analysis to Compare DMV/1639 and QX Strains |
| title_short | Infectious Bronchitis Virus: A Comprehensive Multilocus Genomic Analysis to Compare DMV/1639 and QX Strains |
| title_sort | infectious bronchitis virus a comprehensive multilocus genomic analysis to compare dmv 1639 and qx strains |
| topic | infectious bronchitis viral evolution whole genome sequencing DMV QX |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/14/9/1998 |
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