Experimental Models of Sarcopenia: Bridging Molecular Mechanism and Therapeutic Strategy
Sarcopenia has been defined as a progressive decline of skeletal muscle mass, strength, and functions in elderly people. It is accompanied by physical frailty, functional disability, falls, hospitalization, and mortality, and is becoming a major geriatric disorder owing to the increasing life expect...
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MDPI AG
2020-06-01
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| Series: | Cells |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/9/6/1385 |
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| author | Sakulrat Mankhong Sujin Kim Sohee Moon Hyo-Bum Kwak Dong-Ho Park Ju-Hee Kang |
| author_facet | Sakulrat Mankhong Sujin Kim Sohee Moon Hyo-Bum Kwak Dong-Ho Park Ju-Hee Kang |
| author_sort | Sakulrat Mankhong |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Sarcopenia has been defined as a progressive decline of skeletal muscle mass, strength, and functions in elderly people. It is accompanied by physical frailty, functional disability, falls, hospitalization, and mortality, and is becoming a major geriatric disorder owing to the increasing life expectancy and growing older population worldwide. Experimental models are critical to understand the pathophysiology of sarcopenia and develop therapeutic strategies. Although its etiologies remain to be further elucidated, several mechanisms of sarcopenia have been identified, including cellular senescence, proteostasis imbalance, oxidative stress, and “inflammaging.” In this article, we address three main aspects. First, we describe the fundamental aging mechanisms. Next, we discuss both in vitro and in vivo experimental models based on molecular mechanisms that have the potential to elucidate the biochemical processes integral to sarcopenia. The use of appropriate models to reflect sarcopenia and/or its underlying pathways will enable researchers to understand sarcopenia and develop novel therapeutic strategies for sarcopenia. Lastly, we discuss the possible molecular targets and the current status of drug candidates for sarcopenia treatment. In conclusion, the development of experimental models for sarcopenia is essential to discover molecular targets that are valuable as biochemical biomarkers and/or therapeutic targets for sarcopenia. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T19:24:29Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-1f4f49ba35614fc0aeff1324860f24d7 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4409 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T19:24:29Z |
| publishDate | 2020-06-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Cells |
| spelling | doaj.art-1f4f49ba35614fc0aeff1324860f24d72023-11-20T02:39:46ZengMDPI AGCells2073-44092020-06-0196138510.3390/cells9061385Experimental Models of Sarcopenia: Bridging Molecular Mechanism and Therapeutic StrategySakulrat Mankhong0Sujin Kim1Sohee Moon2Hyo-Bum Kwak3Dong-Ho Park4Ju-Hee Kang5Department of Pharmacology, Hypoxia-related Disease Research Center, College of Medicine, Inha University, Incheon 22212, KoreaDepartment of Pharmacology, Hypoxia-related Disease Research Center, College of Medicine, Inha University, Incheon 22212, KoreaDepartment of Pharmacology, Hypoxia-related Disease Research Center, College of Medicine, Inha University, Incheon 22212, KoreaDepartment of Kinesiology, Inha University, Incheon 22212, KoreaDepartment of Kinesiology, Inha University, Incheon 22212, KoreaDepartment of Pharmacology, Hypoxia-related Disease Research Center, College of Medicine, Inha University, Incheon 22212, KoreaSarcopenia has been defined as a progressive decline of skeletal muscle mass, strength, and functions in elderly people. It is accompanied by physical frailty, functional disability, falls, hospitalization, and mortality, and is becoming a major geriatric disorder owing to the increasing life expectancy and growing older population worldwide. Experimental models are critical to understand the pathophysiology of sarcopenia and develop therapeutic strategies. Although its etiologies remain to be further elucidated, several mechanisms of sarcopenia have been identified, including cellular senescence, proteostasis imbalance, oxidative stress, and “inflammaging.” In this article, we address three main aspects. First, we describe the fundamental aging mechanisms. Next, we discuss both in vitro and in vivo experimental models based on molecular mechanisms that have the potential to elucidate the biochemical processes integral to sarcopenia. The use of appropriate models to reflect sarcopenia and/or its underlying pathways will enable researchers to understand sarcopenia and develop novel therapeutic strategies for sarcopenia. Lastly, we discuss the possible molecular targets and the current status of drug candidates for sarcopenia treatment. In conclusion, the development of experimental models for sarcopenia is essential to discover molecular targets that are valuable as biochemical biomarkers and/or therapeutic targets for sarcopenia.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/9/6/1385sarcopeniaagingskeletal musclecellular senescenceexperimental model |
| spellingShingle | Sakulrat Mankhong Sujin Kim Sohee Moon Hyo-Bum Kwak Dong-Ho Park Ju-Hee Kang Experimental Models of Sarcopenia: Bridging Molecular Mechanism and Therapeutic Strategy Cells sarcopenia aging skeletal muscle cellular senescence experimental model |
| title | Experimental Models of Sarcopenia: Bridging Molecular Mechanism and Therapeutic Strategy |
| title_full | Experimental Models of Sarcopenia: Bridging Molecular Mechanism and Therapeutic Strategy |
| title_fullStr | Experimental Models of Sarcopenia: Bridging Molecular Mechanism and Therapeutic Strategy |
| title_full_unstemmed | Experimental Models of Sarcopenia: Bridging Molecular Mechanism and Therapeutic Strategy |
| title_short | Experimental Models of Sarcopenia: Bridging Molecular Mechanism and Therapeutic Strategy |
| title_sort | experimental models of sarcopenia bridging molecular mechanism and therapeutic strategy |
| topic | sarcopenia aging skeletal muscle cellular senescence experimental model |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/9/6/1385 |
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