Bio-Guided Fractionation Driven by In Vitro α-Amylase Inhibition Assays of Essential Oils Bearing Specialized Metabolites with Potential Hypoglycemic Activity
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a metabolic disorder characterized by unpaired blood glycaemia maintenance. T2DM can be treated by inhibiting carbohydrate hydrolyzing enzymes (α-amylases and α-glucosidases) to decrease postprandial hyperglycemia. Acarbose and voglibose are inhibitors used in clin...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2020-09-01
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| Series: | Plants |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/9/9/1242 |
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| author | Francesca Capetti Cecilia Cagliero Arianna Marengo Carlo Bicchi Patrizia Rubiolo Barbara Sgorbini |
| author_facet | Francesca Capetti Cecilia Cagliero Arianna Marengo Carlo Bicchi Patrizia Rubiolo Barbara Sgorbini |
| author_sort | Francesca Capetti |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a metabolic disorder characterized by unpaired blood glycaemia maintenance. T2DM can be treated by inhibiting carbohydrate hydrolyzing enzymes (α-amylases and α-glucosidases) to decrease postprandial hyperglycemia. Acarbose and voglibose are inhibitors used in clinical practice. However, these drugs are associated with unpleasant gastrointestinal side effects. This study explores new α-amylase inhibitors deriving from plant volatile specialized metabolites. Sixty-two essential oils (EOs) from different plant species and botanical families were subjected to α-amylase in vitro enzymatic assay and chemically characterized using gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry. Several EOs were found to be potential α-amylase inhibitors, and <i>Eucalyptus radiata</i>, <i>Laurus nobilis</i>, and <i>Myristica</i><i>fragrans</i> EOs displayed inhibitory capacities comparable to that of the positive control (i.e., acarbose). A bio-guided fractionation approach was adopted to isolate and identify the active fractions/compounds of <i>Eucalyptus radiata</i> and <i>Myristica fragrans</i> EOs. The bio-guided fractionation revealed that EOs α-amylase inhibitory activity is often the result of antagonist, additive, or synergistic interactions among their bioactive constituents and led to the identification of 1,8-cineole, 4-terpineol, α-terpineol, α-pinene, and β-pinene as bioactive compounds, also confirmed when they were tested singularly. These results demonstrate that EO oils are a promising source of potential α-amylase inhibitors. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T16:10:20Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-1f59a093a71447ddb499122b17b6aba1 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2223-7747 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T16:10:20Z |
| publishDate | 2020-09-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Plants |
| spelling | doaj.art-1f59a093a71447ddb499122b17b6aba12023-11-20T14:27:14ZengMDPI AGPlants2223-77472020-09-0199124210.3390/plants9091242Bio-Guided Fractionation Driven by In Vitro α-Amylase Inhibition Assays of Essential Oils Bearing Specialized Metabolites with Potential Hypoglycemic ActivityFrancesca Capetti0Cecilia Cagliero1Arianna Marengo2Carlo Bicchi3Patrizia Rubiolo4Barbara Sgorbini5Department of Drug Science and Technology, University of Turin, Via Pietro Giuria 9, 10125 Turin, ItalyDepartment of Drug Science and Technology, University of Turin, Via Pietro Giuria 9, 10125 Turin, ItalyDepartment of Drug Science and Technology, University of Turin, Via Pietro Giuria 9, 10125 Turin, ItalyDepartment of Drug Science and Technology, University of Turin, Via Pietro Giuria 9, 10125 Turin, ItalyDepartment of Drug Science and Technology, University of Turin, Via Pietro Giuria 9, 10125 Turin, ItalyDepartment of Drug Science and Technology, University of Turin, Via Pietro Giuria 9, 10125 Turin, ItalyType 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a metabolic disorder characterized by unpaired blood glycaemia maintenance. T2DM can be treated by inhibiting carbohydrate hydrolyzing enzymes (α-amylases and α-glucosidases) to decrease postprandial hyperglycemia. Acarbose and voglibose are inhibitors used in clinical practice. However, these drugs are associated with unpleasant gastrointestinal side effects. This study explores new α-amylase inhibitors deriving from plant volatile specialized metabolites. Sixty-two essential oils (EOs) from different plant species and botanical families were subjected to α-amylase in vitro enzymatic assay and chemically characterized using gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry. Several EOs were found to be potential α-amylase inhibitors, and <i>Eucalyptus radiata</i>, <i>Laurus nobilis</i>, and <i>Myristica</i><i>fragrans</i> EOs displayed inhibitory capacities comparable to that of the positive control (i.e., acarbose). A bio-guided fractionation approach was adopted to isolate and identify the active fractions/compounds of <i>Eucalyptus radiata</i> and <i>Myristica fragrans</i> EOs. The bio-guided fractionation revealed that EOs α-amylase inhibitory activity is often the result of antagonist, additive, or synergistic interactions among their bioactive constituents and led to the identification of 1,8-cineole, 4-terpineol, α-terpineol, α-pinene, and β-pinene as bioactive compounds, also confirmed when they were tested singularly. These results demonstrate that EO oils are a promising source of potential α-amylase inhibitors.https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/9/9/1242essential oilα-amylase inhibitionbio-guided fractionation<i>Myristica fragrans</i><i>Eucalyptus radiata</i> |
| spellingShingle | Francesca Capetti Cecilia Cagliero Arianna Marengo Carlo Bicchi Patrizia Rubiolo Barbara Sgorbini Bio-Guided Fractionation Driven by In Vitro α-Amylase Inhibition Assays of Essential Oils Bearing Specialized Metabolites with Potential Hypoglycemic Activity Plants essential oil α-amylase inhibition bio-guided fractionation <i>Myristica fragrans</i> <i>Eucalyptus radiata</i> |
| title | Bio-Guided Fractionation Driven by In Vitro α-Amylase Inhibition Assays of Essential Oils Bearing Specialized Metabolites with Potential Hypoglycemic Activity |
| title_full | Bio-Guided Fractionation Driven by In Vitro α-Amylase Inhibition Assays of Essential Oils Bearing Specialized Metabolites with Potential Hypoglycemic Activity |
| title_fullStr | Bio-Guided Fractionation Driven by In Vitro α-Amylase Inhibition Assays of Essential Oils Bearing Specialized Metabolites with Potential Hypoglycemic Activity |
| title_full_unstemmed | Bio-Guided Fractionation Driven by In Vitro α-Amylase Inhibition Assays of Essential Oils Bearing Specialized Metabolites with Potential Hypoglycemic Activity |
| title_short | Bio-Guided Fractionation Driven by In Vitro α-Amylase Inhibition Assays of Essential Oils Bearing Specialized Metabolites with Potential Hypoglycemic Activity |
| title_sort | bio guided fractionation driven by in vitro α amylase inhibition assays of essential oils bearing specialized metabolites with potential hypoglycemic activity |
| topic | essential oil α-amylase inhibition bio-guided fractionation <i>Myristica fragrans</i> <i>Eucalyptus radiata</i> |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/9/9/1242 |
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