Host Immune Response Triggered by Graphene Quantum-Dot-Mediated Photodynamic Therapy for Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Xiliu Zhang,1 Hongyu Li,1,* Chen Yi,1,* Guosheng Chen,2 Ye Li,1 Ying Zhou,1 Guanhui Chen,1 Yiming Li,1 Yi He,1 Dongsheng Yu1 1Guanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou 510055, People’s Repu...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Dove Medical Press
2020-12-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Nanomedicine |
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| Online Access: | https://www.dovepress.com/host-immune-response-triggered-by-graphene-quantum-dot-mediated-photod-peer-reviewed-article-IJN |
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| author | Zhang X Li H Yi C Chen G Li Y Zhou Y Chen G Li Y He Y Yu D |
| author_facet | Zhang X Li H Yi C Chen G Li Y Zhou Y Chen G Li Y He Y Yu D |
| author_sort | Zhang X |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Xiliu Zhang,1 Hongyu Li,1,* Chen Yi,1,* Guosheng Chen,2 Ye Li,1 Ying Zhou,1 Guanhui Chen,1 Yiming Li,1 Yi He,1 Dongsheng Yu1 1Guanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou 510055, People’s Republic of China; 2MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, People’s Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Dongsheng YuGuanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou 510055, People’s Republic of ChinaEmail yudsh@mail.sysu.edu.cnIntroduction: With the innovation of photosensitizers, photodynamic therapy is now widely used in antitumor detection and treatment. Graphene quantum dots (GQDs) are proposed as a promising alternative photosensitizer due to their high biocompatibility, specific photoactivity, and strong tumor concentration. However, the changes in host immunity triggered by GQDs have only rarely been reported.Methods: In this work, GQDs as photosensitizers were conjugated to polyethylene glycol (PEG) to enhance solubility and blood circulation. The phototoxicity of the resulting GQD-PEG nanomaterials was then detected in vitro and in vivo. The antitumor immunity triggered by GQD-PEG under irradiation was further evaluated in an oral squamous cell carcinoma animal model.Results: The obtained GQD-PEG nanomaterials exhibited low cytotoxicity, good solution stability, and excellent endocytosis. Both in vitro and in vivo, all demonstrated strong ablation for oral squamous cell carcinoma under irradiation. Meanwhile, host-immunity-related CD8+ T cells (cytotoxic T lymphocytes) and proinflammatory cytokines, including IFN-γ and TNF-α, were significantly increased after photo-activated antitumor activity.Conclusion: These results highlight the dominant role of GQD-PEG in photodynamic therapy and could have significant implications for further combination therapy as a promising antitumor immune response strategy triggered by nanomaterials.Keywords: graphene quantum dots, photodynamic therapy, host immunity, oral squamous cell carcinoma |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-19T08:54:10Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-1f5a0864f3db47afb19c8e99e4277474 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1178-2013 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-19T08:54:10Z |
| publishDate | 2020-12-01 |
| publisher | Dove Medical Press |
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| series | International Journal of Nanomedicine |
| spelling | doaj.art-1f5a0864f3db47afb19c8e99e42774742022-12-21T20:28:39ZengDove Medical PressInternational Journal of Nanomedicine1178-20132020-12-01Volume 159627963859835Host Immune Response Triggered by Graphene Quantum-Dot-Mediated Photodynamic Therapy for Oral Squamous Cell CarcinomaZhang XLi HYi CChen GLi YZhou YChen GLi YHe YYu DXiliu Zhang,1 Hongyu Li,1,* Chen Yi,1,* Guosheng Chen,2 Ye Li,1 Ying Zhou,1 Guanhui Chen,1 Yiming Li,1 Yi He,1 Dongsheng Yu1 1Guanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou 510055, People’s Republic of China; 2MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, People’s Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Dongsheng YuGuanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou 510055, People’s Republic of ChinaEmail yudsh@mail.sysu.edu.cnIntroduction: With the innovation of photosensitizers, photodynamic therapy is now widely used in antitumor detection and treatment. Graphene quantum dots (GQDs) are proposed as a promising alternative photosensitizer due to their high biocompatibility, specific photoactivity, and strong tumor concentration. However, the changes in host immunity triggered by GQDs have only rarely been reported.Methods: In this work, GQDs as photosensitizers were conjugated to polyethylene glycol (PEG) to enhance solubility and blood circulation. The phototoxicity of the resulting GQD-PEG nanomaterials was then detected in vitro and in vivo. The antitumor immunity triggered by GQD-PEG under irradiation was further evaluated in an oral squamous cell carcinoma animal model.Results: The obtained GQD-PEG nanomaterials exhibited low cytotoxicity, good solution stability, and excellent endocytosis. Both in vitro and in vivo, all demonstrated strong ablation for oral squamous cell carcinoma under irradiation. Meanwhile, host-immunity-related CD8+ T cells (cytotoxic T lymphocytes) and proinflammatory cytokines, including IFN-γ and TNF-α, were significantly increased after photo-activated antitumor activity.Conclusion: These results highlight the dominant role of GQD-PEG in photodynamic therapy and could have significant implications for further combination therapy as a promising antitumor immune response strategy triggered by nanomaterials.Keywords: graphene quantum dots, photodynamic therapy, host immunity, oral squamous cell carcinomahttps://www.dovepress.com/host-immune-response-triggered-by-graphene-quantum-dot-mediated-photod-peer-reviewed-article-IJNgraphene quantum dotsphotodynamic therapyhost immunityoral squamous cell carcinoma |
| spellingShingle | Zhang X Li H Yi C Chen G Li Y Zhou Y Chen G Li Y He Y Yu D Host Immune Response Triggered by Graphene Quantum-Dot-Mediated Photodynamic Therapy for Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma International Journal of Nanomedicine graphene quantum dots photodynamic therapy host immunity oral squamous cell carcinoma |
| title | Host Immune Response Triggered by Graphene Quantum-Dot-Mediated Photodynamic Therapy for Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma |
| title_full | Host Immune Response Triggered by Graphene Quantum-Dot-Mediated Photodynamic Therapy for Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma |
| title_fullStr | Host Immune Response Triggered by Graphene Quantum-Dot-Mediated Photodynamic Therapy for Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma |
| title_full_unstemmed | Host Immune Response Triggered by Graphene Quantum-Dot-Mediated Photodynamic Therapy for Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma |
| title_short | Host Immune Response Triggered by Graphene Quantum-Dot-Mediated Photodynamic Therapy for Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma |
| title_sort | host immune response triggered by graphene quantum dot mediated photodynamic therapy for oral squamous cell carcinoma |
| topic | graphene quantum dots photodynamic therapy host immunity oral squamous cell carcinoma |
| url | https://www.dovepress.com/host-immune-response-triggered-by-graphene-quantum-dot-mediated-photod-peer-reviewed-article-IJN |
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