The Characteristics and Expression Profile of Peptidoglycan Recognition Protein 2 in the Accessory Nidamental Gland of the Bigfin Reef Squid During Bacterial Colonization
Some cephalopods carry microorganisms in two specialized organs, the light organ and the accessory nidamental gland (ANG). For the light organ, comprehensive mechanisms have been described for winnowing (bacterial selection) and maintenance of the symbiotic luminescent bacterium Vibrio fischeri (V....
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2022-05-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Marine Science |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmars.2022.825267/full |
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| author | Hau-Wen Li Wei-Lun Kuo Chi Chen Chi Chen Yung-Che Tseng Ching-Fong Chang Ching-Fong Chang Guan-Chung Wu Guan-Chung Wu |
| author_facet | Hau-Wen Li Wei-Lun Kuo Chi Chen Chi Chen Yung-Che Tseng Ching-Fong Chang Ching-Fong Chang Guan-Chung Wu Guan-Chung Wu |
| author_sort | Hau-Wen Li |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Some cephalopods carry microorganisms in two specialized organs, the light organ and the accessory nidamental gland (ANG). For the light organ, comprehensive mechanisms have been described for winnowing (bacterial selection) and maintenance of the symbiotic luminescent bacterium Vibrio fischeri (V. fischeri). However, the mechanisms controlling bacterial selection and maintenance during bacterial colonization of the ANG are open biological issues with physiological significance. Our recent study on bigfin reef squid (Sepioteuthis lessoniana) already showed that the ANG bacterial community shifts gradually and exhibits decreased diversity throughout maturation. This study further describes a potential role of an innate immunity-involved molecule, peptidoglycan recognition proteins (PGRPs), in the ANG of bigfin reef squid during bacterial transmission and colonization. First, we found that four homologs of the PGRP family are expressed in the ANG of bigfin reef squid (slPGRP2-5), but only slPgrp2 transcript levels are highly correlated with ANG development and bacterial colonization. Besides, slPgrp2 transcripts are mainly expressed in the epithelial cells of certain secondary tubules of ANG, and the expression levels are varied in the epithelial cells of other secondary tubules. This data reveals that slPgrp2 transcripts may associate with the composition of bacterial consortium and its secretary factors. Moreover, recombinant slPGRP2 had a negative effect of Escherichia coli (E.coli) which inhibited bacterial growth in culture. Therefore, our data suggest slPgrp2 expression in the epithelial cells of secondary tubules in the ANG may have an essential role in the winnowing and maintenance of holobiont homeostasis in bigfin reef squid. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-12T04:48:24Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-1f68a0edcd9a4026b2bf812ee1c3d809 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2296-7745 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-12T04:48:24Z |
| publishDate | 2022-05-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Marine Science |
| spelling | doaj.art-1f68a0edcd9a4026b2bf812ee1c3d8092022-12-22T00:37:33ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Marine Science2296-77452022-05-01910.3389/fmars.2022.825267825267The Characteristics and Expression Profile of Peptidoglycan Recognition Protein 2 in the Accessory Nidamental Gland of the Bigfin Reef Squid During Bacterial ColonizationHau-Wen Li0Wei-Lun Kuo1Chi Chen2Chi Chen3Yung-Che Tseng4Ching-Fong Chang5Ching-Fong Chang6Guan-Chung Wu7Guan-Chung Wu8Department of Aquaculture, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung, TaiwanDepartment of Aquaculture, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung, TaiwanDoctoral Degree Program in Marine Biotechnology, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung, TaiwanDoctoral Degree Program in Marine Biotechnology, Academia Sinica, Taipei, TaiwanMarine Research Station, Institute of Cellular and Organismic Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei, TaiwanDepartment of Aquaculture, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung, TaiwanCenter of Excellence for the Oceans, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung, TaiwanDepartment of Aquaculture, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung, TaiwanCenter of Excellence for the Oceans, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung, TaiwanSome cephalopods carry microorganisms in two specialized organs, the light organ and the accessory nidamental gland (ANG). For the light organ, comprehensive mechanisms have been described for winnowing (bacterial selection) and maintenance of the symbiotic luminescent bacterium Vibrio fischeri (V. fischeri). However, the mechanisms controlling bacterial selection and maintenance during bacterial colonization of the ANG are open biological issues with physiological significance. Our recent study on bigfin reef squid (Sepioteuthis lessoniana) already showed that the ANG bacterial community shifts gradually and exhibits decreased diversity throughout maturation. This study further describes a potential role of an innate immunity-involved molecule, peptidoglycan recognition proteins (PGRPs), in the ANG of bigfin reef squid during bacterial transmission and colonization. First, we found that four homologs of the PGRP family are expressed in the ANG of bigfin reef squid (slPGRP2-5), but only slPgrp2 transcript levels are highly correlated with ANG development and bacterial colonization. Besides, slPgrp2 transcripts are mainly expressed in the epithelial cells of certain secondary tubules of ANG, and the expression levels are varied in the epithelial cells of other secondary tubules. This data reveals that slPgrp2 transcripts may associate with the composition of bacterial consortium and its secretary factors. Moreover, recombinant slPGRP2 had a negative effect of Escherichia coli (E.coli) which inhibited bacterial growth in culture. Therefore, our data suggest slPgrp2 expression in the epithelial cells of secondary tubules in the ANG may have an essential role in the winnowing and maintenance of holobiont homeostasis in bigfin reef squid.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmars.2022.825267/fullPGRPhost immunitysymbiotic bacteriaANGcephalopod |
| spellingShingle | Hau-Wen Li Wei-Lun Kuo Chi Chen Chi Chen Yung-Che Tseng Ching-Fong Chang Ching-Fong Chang Guan-Chung Wu Guan-Chung Wu The Characteristics and Expression Profile of Peptidoglycan Recognition Protein 2 in the Accessory Nidamental Gland of the Bigfin Reef Squid During Bacterial Colonization Frontiers in Marine Science PGRP host immunity symbiotic bacteria ANG cephalopod |
| title | The Characteristics and Expression Profile of Peptidoglycan Recognition Protein 2 in the Accessory Nidamental Gland of the Bigfin Reef Squid During Bacterial Colonization |
| title_full | The Characteristics and Expression Profile of Peptidoglycan Recognition Protein 2 in the Accessory Nidamental Gland of the Bigfin Reef Squid During Bacterial Colonization |
| title_fullStr | The Characteristics and Expression Profile of Peptidoglycan Recognition Protein 2 in the Accessory Nidamental Gland of the Bigfin Reef Squid During Bacterial Colonization |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Characteristics and Expression Profile of Peptidoglycan Recognition Protein 2 in the Accessory Nidamental Gland of the Bigfin Reef Squid During Bacterial Colonization |
| title_short | The Characteristics and Expression Profile of Peptidoglycan Recognition Protein 2 in the Accessory Nidamental Gland of the Bigfin Reef Squid During Bacterial Colonization |
| title_sort | characteristics and expression profile of peptidoglycan recognition protein 2 in the accessory nidamental gland of the bigfin reef squid during bacterial colonization |
| topic | PGRP host immunity symbiotic bacteria ANG cephalopod |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmars.2022.825267/full |
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