Nasopulmonary mites (Acari: Halarachnidae) as potential vectors of bacterial pathogens, including Streptococcus phocae, in marine mammals.
Nasopulmonary mites (NPMs) of the family Halarachnidae are obligate endoparasites that colonize the respiratory tracts of mammals. NPMs damage surface epithelium resulting in mucosal irritation, respiratory illness, and secondary infection, yet the role of NPMs in facilitating pathogen invasion or d...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Public Library of Science (PLoS)
2022-01-01
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| Series: | PLoS ONE |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0270009 |
| _version_ | 1828329961135538176 |
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| author | Risa Pesapane Andrea Chaves Janet Foley Nadia Javeed Samantha Barnum Katherine Greenwald Erin Dodd Christine Fontaine Padraig Duignan Michael Murray Melissa Miller |
| author_facet | Risa Pesapane Andrea Chaves Janet Foley Nadia Javeed Samantha Barnum Katherine Greenwald Erin Dodd Christine Fontaine Padraig Duignan Michael Murray Melissa Miller |
| author_sort | Risa Pesapane |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Nasopulmonary mites (NPMs) of the family Halarachnidae are obligate endoparasites that colonize the respiratory tracts of mammals. NPMs damage surface epithelium resulting in mucosal irritation, respiratory illness, and secondary infection, yet the role of NPMs in facilitating pathogen invasion or dissemination between hosts remains unclear. Using 16S rRNA massively parallel amplicon sequencing of six hypervariable regions (or "16S profiling"), we characterized the bacterial community of NPMs from 4 southern sea otters (Enhydra lutris nereis). This data was paired with detection of a priority pathogen, Streptococcus phocae, from NPMs infesting 16 southern sea otters and 9 California sea lions (Zalophus californianus) using nested conventional polymerase chain reaction (nPCR). The bacteriome of assessed NPMs was dominated by Mycoplasmataceae and Vibrionaceae, but at least 16 organisms with pathogenic potential were detected as well. Importantly, S. phocae was detected in 37% of NPM by nPCR and was also detected by 16S profiling. Detection of multiple organisms with pathogenic potential in or on NPMs suggests they may act as mechanical vectors of bacterial infection for marine mammals. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-13T20:33:53Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-1f724ad8ecdd4c81bbc6b37bfdbf6062 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1932-6203 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-13T20:33:53Z |
| publishDate | 2022-01-01 |
| publisher | Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
| record_format | Article |
| series | PLoS ONE |
| spelling | doaj.art-1f724ad8ecdd4c81bbc6b37bfdbf60622022-12-22T02:31:06ZengPublic Library of Science (PLoS)PLoS ONE1932-62032022-01-01176e027000910.1371/journal.pone.0270009Nasopulmonary mites (Acari: Halarachnidae) as potential vectors of bacterial pathogens, including Streptococcus phocae, in marine mammals.Risa PesapaneAndrea ChavesJanet FoleyNadia JaveedSamantha BarnumKatherine GreenwaldErin DoddChristine FontainePadraig DuignanMichael MurrayMelissa MillerNasopulmonary mites (NPMs) of the family Halarachnidae are obligate endoparasites that colonize the respiratory tracts of mammals. NPMs damage surface epithelium resulting in mucosal irritation, respiratory illness, and secondary infection, yet the role of NPMs in facilitating pathogen invasion or dissemination between hosts remains unclear. Using 16S rRNA massively parallel amplicon sequencing of six hypervariable regions (or "16S profiling"), we characterized the bacterial community of NPMs from 4 southern sea otters (Enhydra lutris nereis). This data was paired with detection of a priority pathogen, Streptococcus phocae, from NPMs infesting 16 southern sea otters and 9 California sea lions (Zalophus californianus) using nested conventional polymerase chain reaction (nPCR). The bacteriome of assessed NPMs was dominated by Mycoplasmataceae and Vibrionaceae, but at least 16 organisms with pathogenic potential were detected as well. Importantly, S. phocae was detected in 37% of NPM by nPCR and was also detected by 16S profiling. Detection of multiple organisms with pathogenic potential in or on NPMs suggests they may act as mechanical vectors of bacterial infection for marine mammals.https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0270009 |
| spellingShingle | Risa Pesapane Andrea Chaves Janet Foley Nadia Javeed Samantha Barnum Katherine Greenwald Erin Dodd Christine Fontaine Padraig Duignan Michael Murray Melissa Miller Nasopulmonary mites (Acari: Halarachnidae) as potential vectors of bacterial pathogens, including Streptococcus phocae, in marine mammals. PLoS ONE |
| title | Nasopulmonary mites (Acari: Halarachnidae) as potential vectors of bacterial pathogens, including Streptococcus phocae, in marine mammals. |
| title_full | Nasopulmonary mites (Acari: Halarachnidae) as potential vectors of bacterial pathogens, including Streptococcus phocae, in marine mammals. |
| title_fullStr | Nasopulmonary mites (Acari: Halarachnidae) as potential vectors of bacterial pathogens, including Streptococcus phocae, in marine mammals. |
| title_full_unstemmed | Nasopulmonary mites (Acari: Halarachnidae) as potential vectors of bacterial pathogens, including Streptococcus phocae, in marine mammals. |
| title_short | Nasopulmonary mites (Acari: Halarachnidae) as potential vectors of bacterial pathogens, including Streptococcus phocae, in marine mammals. |
| title_sort | nasopulmonary mites acari halarachnidae as potential vectors of bacterial pathogens including streptococcus phocae in marine mammals |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0270009 |
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