Microstructural abnormalities in white and gray matter in obese adolescents with and without type 2 diabetes
Aims/hypotheses: In adults, type 2 diabetes and obesity have been associated with structural brain changes, even in the absence of dementia. Some evidence suggested similar changes in adolescents with type 2 diabetes but comparisons with a non-obese control group have been lacking. The aim of the cu...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2017-01-01
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| Series: | NeuroImage: Clinical |
| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213158217301687 |
| _version_ | 1818041978944749568 |
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| author | Arie Nouwen Alison Chambers Magdalena Chechlacz Suzanne Higgs Jacqueline Blissett Timothy G. Barrett Harriet A. Allen |
| author_facet | Arie Nouwen Alison Chambers Magdalena Chechlacz Suzanne Higgs Jacqueline Blissett Timothy G. Barrett Harriet A. Allen |
| author_sort | Arie Nouwen |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Aims/hypotheses: In adults, type 2 diabetes and obesity have been associated with structural brain changes, even in the absence of dementia. Some evidence suggested similar changes in adolescents with type 2 diabetes but comparisons with a non-obese control group have been lacking. The aim of the current study was to examine differences in microstructure of gray and white matter between adolescents with type 2 diabetes, obese adolescents and healthy weight adolescents. Methods: Magnetic resonance imaging data were collected from 15 adolescents with type 2 diabetes, 21 obese adolescents and 22 healthy weight controls. Volumetric differences in the gray matter between the three groups were examined using voxel based morphology, while tract based spatial statistics was used to examine differences in the microstructure of the white matter. Results: Adolescents with type 2 diabetes and obese adolescents had reduced gray matter volume in the right hippocampus, left putamen and caudate, bilateral amygdala and left thalamus compared to healthy weight controls. Type 2 diabetes was also associated with significant regional changes in fractional anisotropy within the corpus callosum, fornix, left inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus, left uncinate, left internal and external capsule. Fractional anisotropy reductions within these tracts were explained by increased radial diffusivity, which may suggest demyelination of white matter tracts. Mean diffusivity and axial diffusivity did not differ between the groups. Conclusion/interpretation: Our data shows that adolescent obesity alone results in reduced gray matter volume and that adolescent type 2 diabetes is associated with both white and gray matter abnormalities. Keywords: Type 2 diabetes, Obesity, White matter, Gray matter, Demyelination |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-10T08:39:01Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-1f739909f74343d8a39175b1b41ec5aa |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2213-1582 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-10T08:39:01Z |
| publishDate | 2017-01-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | NeuroImage: Clinical |
| spelling | doaj.art-1f739909f74343d8a39175b1b41ec5aa2022-12-22T01:55:53ZengElsevierNeuroImage: Clinical2213-15822017-01-01164351Microstructural abnormalities in white and gray matter in obese adolescents with and without type 2 diabetesArie Nouwen0Alison Chambers1Magdalena Chechlacz2Suzanne Higgs3Jacqueline Blissett4Timothy G. Barrett5Harriet A. Allen6School of Psychology, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK; Corresponding author at: Department of Psychology, Middlesex University, The Burroughs, Hendon, London NW4 4BT, UK.School of Psychology, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UKSchool of Psychology, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UKSchool of Psychology, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UKSchool of Psychology, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UKThe Medical School, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UKSchool of Psychology, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UKAims/hypotheses: In adults, type 2 diabetes and obesity have been associated with structural brain changes, even in the absence of dementia. Some evidence suggested similar changes in adolescents with type 2 diabetes but comparisons with a non-obese control group have been lacking. The aim of the current study was to examine differences in microstructure of gray and white matter between adolescents with type 2 diabetes, obese adolescents and healthy weight adolescents. Methods: Magnetic resonance imaging data were collected from 15 adolescents with type 2 diabetes, 21 obese adolescents and 22 healthy weight controls. Volumetric differences in the gray matter between the three groups were examined using voxel based morphology, while tract based spatial statistics was used to examine differences in the microstructure of the white matter. Results: Adolescents with type 2 diabetes and obese adolescents had reduced gray matter volume in the right hippocampus, left putamen and caudate, bilateral amygdala and left thalamus compared to healthy weight controls. Type 2 diabetes was also associated with significant regional changes in fractional anisotropy within the corpus callosum, fornix, left inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus, left uncinate, left internal and external capsule. Fractional anisotropy reductions within these tracts were explained by increased radial diffusivity, which may suggest demyelination of white matter tracts. Mean diffusivity and axial diffusivity did not differ between the groups. Conclusion/interpretation: Our data shows that adolescent obesity alone results in reduced gray matter volume and that adolescent type 2 diabetes is associated with both white and gray matter abnormalities. Keywords: Type 2 diabetes, Obesity, White matter, Gray matter, Demyelinationhttp://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213158217301687 |
| spellingShingle | Arie Nouwen Alison Chambers Magdalena Chechlacz Suzanne Higgs Jacqueline Blissett Timothy G. Barrett Harriet A. Allen Microstructural abnormalities in white and gray matter in obese adolescents with and without type 2 diabetes NeuroImage: Clinical |
| title | Microstructural abnormalities in white and gray matter in obese adolescents with and without type 2 diabetes |
| title_full | Microstructural abnormalities in white and gray matter in obese adolescents with and without type 2 diabetes |
| title_fullStr | Microstructural abnormalities in white and gray matter in obese adolescents with and without type 2 diabetes |
| title_full_unstemmed | Microstructural abnormalities in white and gray matter in obese adolescents with and without type 2 diabetes |
| title_short | Microstructural abnormalities in white and gray matter in obese adolescents with and without type 2 diabetes |
| title_sort | microstructural abnormalities in white and gray matter in obese adolescents with and without type 2 diabetes |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213158217301687 |
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