Opportunistic gill infection is associated with TiO2 nanoparticle-induced mortality in zebrafish.
The large amounts of engineered titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2NPs) that have been manufactured have inevitably been released into the ecosystem. Reports have suggested that TiO2 is a relatively inert material that has low toxicity to animals. However, as various types of NPs increasingly accum...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Public Library of Science (PLoS)
2021-01-01
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| Series: | PLoS ONE |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0247859 |
| _version_ | 1818571321336922112 |
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| author | Chiao-Yi Huang Wei-Sheng Yu Geng-Chia Liu Shih-Che Hung Jen-Hsiang Chang Jen-Che Chang Chia-Liang Cheng Der-Shan Sun Ming-Der Lin Wen-Ying Lin Yin-Jeh Tzeng Hsin-Hou Chang |
| author_facet | Chiao-Yi Huang Wei-Sheng Yu Geng-Chia Liu Shih-Che Hung Jen-Hsiang Chang Jen-Che Chang Chia-Liang Cheng Der-Shan Sun Ming-Der Lin Wen-Ying Lin Yin-Jeh Tzeng Hsin-Hou Chang |
| author_sort | Chiao-Yi Huang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The large amounts of engineered titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2NPs) that have been manufactured have inevitably been released into the ecosystem. Reports have suggested that TiO2 is a relatively inert material that has low toxicity to animals. However, as various types of NPs increasingly accumulate in the ocean, their effects on aquatic life-forms remain unclear. In this study, a zebrafish model was used to investigate TiO2NP-induced injury and mortality. We found that the treatment dosages of TiO2NP are positively associated with increased motility of zebrafish and the bacterial counts in the water. Notably, gill but not dorsal fin and caudal fin of the zebrafish displayed considerably increased bacterial load. Metagenomic analysis further revealed that gut microflora, such as phyla Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, and Actinobacteria, involving more than 95% of total bacteria counts in the NP-injured zebrafish gill samples. These results collectively suggest that opportunistic bacterial infections are associated with TiO2NP-induced mortality in zebrafish. Infections secondary to TiO2NP-induced injury could be a neglected factor determining the detrimental effects of TiO2NPs on wild fish. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-14T13:54:10Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-1f75e334fc4a4408bf030a04e569db51 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1932-6203 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-14T13:54:10Z |
| publishDate | 2021-01-01 |
| publisher | Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
| record_format | Article |
| series | PLoS ONE |
| spelling | doaj.art-1f75e334fc4a4408bf030a04e569db512022-12-21T22:58:53ZengPublic Library of Science (PLoS)PLoS ONE1932-62032021-01-01167e024785910.1371/journal.pone.0247859Opportunistic gill infection is associated with TiO2 nanoparticle-induced mortality in zebrafish.Chiao-Yi HuangWei-Sheng YuGeng-Chia LiuShih-Che HungJen-Hsiang ChangJen-Che ChangChia-Liang ChengDer-Shan SunMing-Der LinWen-Ying LinYin-Jeh TzengHsin-Hou ChangThe large amounts of engineered titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2NPs) that have been manufactured have inevitably been released into the ecosystem. Reports have suggested that TiO2 is a relatively inert material that has low toxicity to animals. However, as various types of NPs increasingly accumulate in the ocean, their effects on aquatic life-forms remain unclear. In this study, a zebrafish model was used to investigate TiO2NP-induced injury and mortality. We found that the treatment dosages of TiO2NP are positively associated with increased motility of zebrafish and the bacterial counts in the water. Notably, gill but not dorsal fin and caudal fin of the zebrafish displayed considerably increased bacterial load. Metagenomic analysis further revealed that gut microflora, such as phyla Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, and Actinobacteria, involving more than 95% of total bacteria counts in the NP-injured zebrafish gill samples. These results collectively suggest that opportunistic bacterial infections are associated with TiO2NP-induced mortality in zebrafish. Infections secondary to TiO2NP-induced injury could be a neglected factor determining the detrimental effects of TiO2NPs on wild fish.https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0247859 |
| spellingShingle | Chiao-Yi Huang Wei-Sheng Yu Geng-Chia Liu Shih-Che Hung Jen-Hsiang Chang Jen-Che Chang Chia-Liang Cheng Der-Shan Sun Ming-Der Lin Wen-Ying Lin Yin-Jeh Tzeng Hsin-Hou Chang Opportunistic gill infection is associated with TiO2 nanoparticle-induced mortality in zebrafish. PLoS ONE |
| title | Opportunistic gill infection is associated with TiO2 nanoparticle-induced mortality in zebrafish. |
| title_full | Opportunistic gill infection is associated with TiO2 nanoparticle-induced mortality in zebrafish. |
| title_fullStr | Opportunistic gill infection is associated with TiO2 nanoparticle-induced mortality in zebrafish. |
| title_full_unstemmed | Opportunistic gill infection is associated with TiO2 nanoparticle-induced mortality in zebrafish. |
| title_short | Opportunistic gill infection is associated with TiO2 nanoparticle-induced mortality in zebrafish. |
| title_sort | opportunistic gill infection is associated with tio2 nanoparticle induced mortality in zebrafish |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0247859 |
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