A Self-help Tool to Facilitate Implementation of eHealth Initiatives in Health Care (E-Ready): Formative Evaluation
BackgroundeHealth interventions have the potential to increase the efficiency and effectiveness of health care. However, research has shown that implementing eHealth in routine health care practice is difficult. Organizational readiness to change has been shown to be central...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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JMIR Publications
2022-01-01
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| Series: | JMIR Formative Research |
| Online Access: | https://formative.jmir.org/2022/1/e17568 |
| _version_ | 1797735379971866624 |
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| author | Petra Dannapfel Kristin Thomas Alexander Chakhunashvili Jeanette Melin Ylva Trolle Lagerros |
| author_facet | Petra Dannapfel Kristin Thomas Alexander Chakhunashvili Jeanette Melin Ylva Trolle Lagerros |
| author_sort | Petra Dannapfel |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description |
BackgroundeHealth interventions have the potential to increase the efficiency and effectiveness of health care. However, research has shown that implementing eHealth in routine health care practice is difficult. Organizational readiness to change has been shown to be central to successful implementation. This paper describes the development and formative evaluation of a generic self-help tool, E-Ready, designed to be used by managers, project leaders, or others responsible for implementation in a broad range of health care settings.
ObjectiveThe aim of this study is to develop and evaluate a tool that could facilitate eHealth implementation in, for example, health care.
MethodsA first version of the tool was generated based on implementation theory (E-Ready 1.0). A formative evaluation was undertaken through expert panels (n=15), cognitive interviews (n=17), and assessment of measurement properties on E-Ready items from 3 different workplaces (n=165) using Rasch analyses. E-Ready 1.0 was also field tested among the target population (n=29). Iterative revisions were conducted during the formative evaluation process, and E-Ready 2.0 was generated.
ResultsThe E-Ready Tool consists of a readiness assessment survey and a hands-on manual. The survey measures perceived readiness for change (willingness and capability) at individual and collective levels: perceived conditions for change at the workplace, perceived individual conditions for change, perceived support and engagement among management, perceived readiness among colleagues, perceived consequences on status quo, and perceived workplace attitudes. The manual contains a brief introduction, instructions on how to use the tool, information on the themes of E-Ready, instructions on how to create an implementation plan, brief advice for success, and tips for further reading on implementation theory. Rasch analyses showed overall acceptable measurement properties in terms of fit validity. The subscale Individual conditions for change (3 items) had the lowest person reliability (0.56), whereas Perceived consequences on status quo (5 items) had the highest person reliability (0.87).
ConclusionsE-Ready 2.0 is a new self-help tool to guide implementation targeting health care provider readiness and engagement readiness ahead of eHealth initiatives in, for example, health care settings. E-Ready can be improved further to capture additional aspects of implementation; improvements can also be made by evaluating the tool in a larger sample. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-12T12:58:11Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-1f77d5f7cfc04a41bfe74b1c07aade02 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2561-326X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-12T12:58:11Z |
| publishDate | 2022-01-01 |
| publisher | JMIR Publications |
| record_format | Article |
| series | JMIR Formative Research |
| spelling | doaj.art-1f77d5f7cfc04a41bfe74b1c07aade022023-08-28T20:22:11ZengJMIR PublicationsJMIR Formative Research2561-326X2022-01-0161e1756810.2196/17568A Self-help Tool to Facilitate Implementation of eHealth Initiatives in Health Care (E-Ready): Formative EvaluationPetra Dannapfelhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-3277-0590Kristin Thomashttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-6434-4855Alexander Chakhunashvilihttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-2616-8093Jeanette Melinhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-3700-3921Ylva Trolle Lagerroshttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-6816-7577 BackgroundeHealth interventions have the potential to increase the efficiency and effectiveness of health care. However, research has shown that implementing eHealth in routine health care practice is difficult. Organizational readiness to change has been shown to be central to successful implementation. This paper describes the development and formative evaluation of a generic self-help tool, E-Ready, designed to be used by managers, project leaders, or others responsible for implementation in a broad range of health care settings. ObjectiveThe aim of this study is to develop and evaluate a tool that could facilitate eHealth implementation in, for example, health care. MethodsA first version of the tool was generated based on implementation theory (E-Ready 1.0). A formative evaluation was undertaken through expert panels (n=15), cognitive interviews (n=17), and assessment of measurement properties on E-Ready items from 3 different workplaces (n=165) using Rasch analyses. E-Ready 1.0 was also field tested among the target population (n=29). Iterative revisions were conducted during the formative evaluation process, and E-Ready 2.0 was generated. ResultsThe E-Ready Tool consists of a readiness assessment survey and a hands-on manual. The survey measures perceived readiness for change (willingness and capability) at individual and collective levels: perceived conditions for change at the workplace, perceived individual conditions for change, perceived support and engagement among management, perceived readiness among colleagues, perceived consequences on status quo, and perceived workplace attitudes. The manual contains a brief introduction, instructions on how to use the tool, information on the themes of E-Ready, instructions on how to create an implementation plan, brief advice for success, and tips for further reading on implementation theory. Rasch analyses showed overall acceptable measurement properties in terms of fit validity. The subscale Individual conditions for change (3 items) had the lowest person reliability (0.56), whereas Perceived consequences on status quo (5 items) had the highest person reliability (0.87). ConclusionsE-Ready 2.0 is a new self-help tool to guide implementation targeting health care provider readiness and engagement readiness ahead of eHealth initiatives in, for example, health care settings. E-Ready can be improved further to capture additional aspects of implementation; improvements can also be made by evaluating the tool in a larger sample.https://formative.jmir.org/2022/1/e17568 |
| spellingShingle | Petra Dannapfel Kristin Thomas Alexander Chakhunashvili Jeanette Melin Ylva Trolle Lagerros A Self-help Tool to Facilitate Implementation of eHealth Initiatives in Health Care (E-Ready): Formative Evaluation JMIR Formative Research |
| title | A Self-help Tool to Facilitate Implementation of eHealth Initiatives in Health Care (E-Ready): Formative Evaluation |
| title_full | A Self-help Tool to Facilitate Implementation of eHealth Initiatives in Health Care (E-Ready): Formative Evaluation |
| title_fullStr | A Self-help Tool to Facilitate Implementation of eHealth Initiatives in Health Care (E-Ready): Formative Evaluation |
| title_full_unstemmed | A Self-help Tool to Facilitate Implementation of eHealth Initiatives in Health Care (E-Ready): Formative Evaluation |
| title_short | A Self-help Tool to Facilitate Implementation of eHealth Initiatives in Health Care (E-Ready): Formative Evaluation |
| title_sort | self help tool to facilitate implementation of ehealth initiatives in health care e ready formative evaluation |
| url | https://formative.jmir.org/2022/1/e17568 |
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