Aerobic exercise training differentially affects ACE C- and N-domain activities in humans: Interactions with polymorphism and association with vascular reactivity

Introduction: Previous studies have linked angiotensin-converting enzyme ( ACE ) insertion (I)/deletion (D) polymorphism (II, ID and DD) to physical performance. Moreover, ACE has two catalytic domains: NH2 (N) and COOH (C) with distinct functions, and their activity has been found to be modulated b...

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Main Authors: Cléber Rene Alves, Tiago Fernandes, José Ribeiro Lemos, Flávio de Castro Magalhães, Ivani Credidio Trombetta, Guilherme Barreto Alves, Glória de Fátima Alves da Mota, Rodrigo Gonçalves Dias, Alexandre Costa Pereira, José Eduardo Krieger, Carlos Eduardo Negrão, Edilamar Menezes Oliveira
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: SAGE Publications 2018-04-01
Series:Journal of the Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1177/1470320318761725
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author Cléber Rene Alves
Tiago Fernandes
José Ribeiro Lemos
Flávio de Castro Magalhães
Ivani Credidio Trombetta
Guilherme Barreto Alves
Glória de Fátima Alves da Mota
Rodrigo Gonçalves Dias
Alexandre Costa Pereira
José Eduardo Krieger
Carlos Eduardo Negrão
Edilamar Menezes Oliveira
author_facet Cléber Rene Alves
Tiago Fernandes
José Ribeiro Lemos
Flávio de Castro Magalhães
Ivani Credidio Trombetta
Guilherme Barreto Alves
Glória de Fátima Alves da Mota
Rodrigo Gonçalves Dias
Alexandre Costa Pereira
José Eduardo Krieger
Carlos Eduardo Negrão
Edilamar Menezes Oliveira
author_sort Cléber Rene Alves
collection DOAJ
description Introduction: Previous studies have linked angiotensin-converting enzyme ( ACE ) insertion (I)/deletion (D) polymorphism (II, ID and DD) to physical performance. Moreover, ACE has two catalytic domains: NH2 (N) and COOH (C) with distinct functions, and their activity has been found to be modulated by ACE polymorphism. The aim of the present study is to investigate the effects of the interaction between aerobic exercise training (AET) and ACE I/D polymorphism on ACE N- and C-domain activities and vascular reactivity in humans. Materials and methods: A total of 315 pre-selected healthy males were genotyped for II, ID and DD genotypes. Fifty completed the full AET (II, n = 12; ID, n = 25; and DD, n = 13), performed in three 90-minute sessions weekly, in the four-month exercise protocol. Pre- and post-training resting heart rate (HR), peak O 2 consumption (VO 2 peak), mean blood pressure (MBP), forearm vascular conduction (FVC), total circulating ACE and C- and N-domain activities were assessed. One-way ANOVA and two - way repeated-measures ANOVA were used. Results: In pre-training, all variables were similar among the three genotypes. In post-training, a similar increase in FVC (35%) was observed in the three genotypes. AET increased VO 2 peak similarly in II, ID and DD (49±2 vs. 57±1; 48±1 vs. 56±3; and 48±5 vs. 58±2 ml/kg/min, respectively). Moreover, there were no changes in HR and MBP. The DD genotype was also associated with greater ACE and C-domain activities at pre- and post-training when compared to II. AET decreased similarly the total ACE and C-domain activities in all genotypes, while increasing the N-domain activity in the II and DD genotypes. However, interestingly, the measurements of N-domain activity after training indicate a greater activity than the other genotypes. These results suggest that the vasodilation in response to AET may be associated with the decrease in total ACE and C-domain activities, regardless of genotype, and that the increase in N-domain activity is dependent on the DD genotype. Conclusions: AET differentially affects the ACE C- and N-domain activities, and the N-domain activity is dependent on ACE polymorphism.
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spelling doaj.art-1f7d0dd2fb104b84903366e35ac6cb842024-03-03T02:50:34ZengSAGE PublicationsJournal of the Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System1752-89762018-04-011910.1177/1470320318761725Aerobic exercise training differentially affects ACE C- and N-domain activities in humans: Interactions with polymorphism and association with vascular reactivityCléber Rene Alves0Tiago Fernandes1José Ribeiro Lemos2Flávio de Castro Magalhães3Ivani Credidio Trombetta4Guilherme Barreto Alves5Glória de Fátima Alves da Mota6Rodrigo Gonçalves Dias7Alexandre Costa Pereira8José Eduardo Krieger9Carlos Eduardo Negrão10Edilamar Menezes Oliveira11University Nove de Julho, UNINOVE, São Paulo, BrazilSchool of Physical Education and Sport, University of São Paulo, BrazilUniversity Nove de Julho, UNINOVE, São Paulo, BrazilMulticentric Program of Post-graduation in Physiological Sciences, Federal University of the Jequitinhonha and Mucuri Valleys, Diamantina, Minas Gerais, BrazilUniversity Nove de Julho, UNINOVE, São Paulo, BrazilHeart Institute (Incor), Medical School, University of São Paulo, BrazilSchool of Physical Education and Sport, University of São Paulo, BrazilPhysical Education Department, Federal University of Maranhão (UFMA), São Luis, BrazilHeart Institute (Incor), Medical School, University of São Paulo, BrazilHeart Institute (Incor), Medical School, University of São Paulo, BrazilHeart Institute (Incor), Medical School, University of São Paulo, BrazilSchool of Physical Education and Sport, University of São Paulo, BrazilIntroduction: Previous studies have linked angiotensin-converting enzyme ( ACE ) insertion (I)/deletion (D) polymorphism (II, ID and DD) to physical performance. Moreover, ACE has two catalytic domains: NH2 (N) and COOH (C) with distinct functions, and their activity has been found to be modulated by ACE polymorphism. The aim of the present study is to investigate the effects of the interaction between aerobic exercise training (AET) and ACE I/D polymorphism on ACE N- and C-domain activities and vascular reactivity in humans. Materials and methods: A total of 315 pre-selected healthy males were genotyped for II, ID and DD genotypes. Fifty completed the full AET (II, n = 12; ID, n = 25; and DD, n = 13), performed in three 90-minute sessions weekly, in the four-month exercise protocol. Pre- and post-training resting heart rate (HR), peak O 2 consumption (VO 2 peak), mean blood pressure (MBP), forearm vascular conduction (FVC), total circulating ACE and C- and N-domain activities were assessed. One-way ANOVA and two - way repeated-measures ANOVA were used. Results: In pre-training, all variables were similar among the three genotypes. In post-training, a similar increase in FVC (35%) was observed in the three genotypes. AET increased VO 2 peak similarly in II, ID and DD (49±2 vs. 57±1; 48±1 vs. 56±3; and 48±5 vs. 58±2 ml/kg/min, respectively). Moreover, there were no changes in HR and MBP. The DD genotype was also associated with greater ACE and C-domain activities at pre- and post-training when compared to II. AET decreased similarly the total ACE and C-domain activities in all genotypes, while increasing the N-domain activity in the II and DD genotypes. However, interestingly, the measurements of N-domain activity after training indicate a greater activity than the other genotypes. These results suggest that the vasodilation in response to AET may be associated with the decrease in total ACE and C-domain activities, regardless of genotype, and that the increase in N-domain activity is dependent on the DD genotype. Conclusions: AET differentially affects the ACE C- and N-domain activities, and the N-domain activity is dependent on ACE polymorphism.https://doi.org/10.1177/1470320318761725
spellingShingle Cléber Rene Alves
Tiago Fernandes
José Ribeiro Lemos
Flávio de Castro Magalhães
Ivani Credidio Trombetta
Guilherme Barreto Alves
Glória de Fátima Alves da Mota
Rodrigo Gonçalves Dias
Alexandre Costa Pereira
José Eduardo Krieger
Carlos Eduardo Negrão
Edilamar Menezes Oliveira
Aerobic exercise training differentially affects ACE C- and N-domain activities in humans: Interactions with polymorphism and association with vascular reactivity
Journal of the Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System
title Aerobic exercise training differentially affects ACE C- and N-domain activities in humans: Interactions with polymorphism and association with vascular reactivity
title_full Aerobic exercise training differentially affects ACE C- and N-domain activities in humans: Interactions with polymorphism and association with vascular reactivity
title_fullStr Aerobic exercise training differentially affects ACE C- and N-domain activities in humans: Interactions with polymorphism and association with vascular reactivity
title_full_unstemmed Aerobic exercise training differentially affects ACE C- and N-domain activities in humans: Interactions with polymorphism and association with vascular reactivity
title_short Aerobic exercise training differentially affects ACE C- and N-domain activities in humans: Interactions with polymorphism and association with vascular reactivity
title_sort aerobic exercise training differentially affects ace c and n domain activities in humans interactions with polymorphism and association with vascular reactivity
url https://doi.org/10.1177/1470320318761725
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