Enhanced Measurement of Sugar-Sweetened Beverage Marketing to Young Immigrant Children in Grocery Store Environments
The marketing of Sugar-Sweetened Beverages (SSBs) within grocers is an obesogenic factor that negatively impacts children’s nutritional behavior, specifically for people from racial and ethnic minority groups, such as immigrants. We aimed to develop and employ a methodology that more precisely asses...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-06-01
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| Series: | Nutrients |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/15/13/2972 |
| _version_ | 1797591040197132288 |
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| author | Hadis Dastgerdizad Rachael D. Dombrowski Noel Kulik Kathryn A. G. Knoff Bree Bode James Mallare Dariush K. Elyaderani Ravneet Kaur |
| author_facet | Hadis Dastgerdizad Rachael D. Dombrowski Noel Kulik Kathryn A. G. Knoff Bree Bode James Mallare Dariush K. Elyaderani Ravneet Kaur |
| author_sort | Hadis Dastgerdizad |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The marketing of Sugar-Sweetened Beverages (SSBs) within grocers is an obesogenic factor that negatively impacts children’s nutritional behavior, specifically for people from racial and ethnic minority groups, such as immigrants. We aimed to develop and employ a methodology that more precisely assesses the availability, price, and promotion of SSBs to young immigrant children within independently owned grocery stores. A case comparison design was used to explore the differences in the grocery store landscape of SSB marketing by conducting an enhanced Nutrition Environment Measures Survey-SSB (NEMS-SSB) within 30 grocery stores in the Hispanic and Latino enclaves in Southwest Detroit, in the Arab and Chaldean enclaves in North-central Detroit, and in Warren, Hamtramck, and Dearborn, in comparison with 48 grocers in Metro Detroit. Unsweetened, plant-based, and organic toddler and infant beverages, as well as questions about marketing, were added to the original NEMS to capture the promotion tactics used in marketing SSBs. NEMS-SSB scores revealed that, in the immigrant enclaves, there was a significantly higher availability of SSBs in grocery stores (−2.38), and they had lower prices than those in the comparison group (−0.052). Unsweetened, plant-based, and organic beverages were unavailable in 97% of all participating grocery stores across both groups. Signage featuring cartoon characters was the most frequent in-store SSB marketing tactic across both groups. Widespread SSB marketing toward toddlers within the grocery stores in immigrant enclaves could be linked with the higher early childhood obesity prevalence among the immigrant population. Our findings can assist local and national organizations in developing and implementing healthy eating interventions. This study must be repeated in other immigrant enclaves across states to provide comparable results. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T01:32:00Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-1f8cc60c8bfa42e08bd37756e4611b70 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2072-6643 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T01:32:00Z |
| publishDate | 2023-06-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Nutrients |
| spelling | doaj.art-1f8cc60c8bfa42e08bd37756e4611b702023-11-18T17:15:11ZengMDPI AGNutrients2072-66432023-06-011513297210.3390/nu15132972Enhanced Measurement of Sugar-Sweetened Beverage Marketing to Young Immigrant Children in Grocery Store EnvironmentsHadis Dastgerdizad0Rachael D. Dombrowski1Noel Kulik2Kathryn A. G. Knoff3Bree Bode4James Mallare5Dariush K. Elyaderani6Ravneet Kaur7Department of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Bluffton, SC 29909, USACollege of Education, Health and Human Services, California State University-San Marcos, San Marcos, CA 92096, USACenter for Health and Community Impact, Division of Kinesiology, Health & Sport Studies, College of Education, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48202, USAOffice of Policy Support, Food and Nutrition Service, US Department of Agriculture, Alexandria, VA 22314, USAMichigan Fitness Foundation, Lansing, MI 48314, USADepartment of Family Medicine and Public Health Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48202, USAChapman School of Business, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USADivision of Health Research and Evaluation, Department of Family and Community Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Illinois, Rockford, IL 61107, USAThe marketing of Sugar-Sweetened Beverages (SSBs) within grocers is an obesogenic factor that negatively impacts children’s nutritional behavior, specifically for people from racial and ethnic minority groups, such as immigrants. We aimed to develop and employ a methodology that more precisely assesses the availability, price, and promotion of SSBs to young immigrant children within independently owned grocery stores. A case comparison design was used to explore the differences in the grocery store landscape of SSB marketing by conducting an enhanced Nutrition Environment Measures Survey-SSB (NEMS-SSB) within 30 grocery stores in the Hispanic and Latino enclaves in Southwest Detroit, in the Arab and Chaldean enclaves in North-central Detroit, and in Warren, Hamtramck, and Dearborn, in comparison with 48 grocers in Metro Detroit. Unsweetened, plant-based, and organic toddler and infant beverages, as well as questions about marketing, were added to the original NEMS to capture the promotion tactics used in marketing SSBs. NEMS-SSB scores revealed that, in the immigrant enclaves, there was a significantly higher availability of SSBs in grocery stores (−2.38), and they had lower prices than those in the comparison group (−0.052). Unsweetened, plant-based, and organic beverages were unavailable in 97% of all participating grocery stores across both groups. Signage featuring cartoon characters was the most frequent in-store SSB marketing tactic across both groups. Widespread SSB marketing toward toddlers within the grocery stores in immigrant enclaves could be linked with the higher early childhood obesity prevalence among the immigrant population. Our findings can assist local and national organizations in developing and implementing healthy eating interventions. This study must be repeated in other immigrant enclaves across states to provide comparable results.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/15/13/2972obesogenic environmentsugar-sweetened beverage marketingearly childhood obesityimmigrant enclavesnutrition environment measures surveyindependently owned grocery stores |
| spellingShingle | Hadis Dastgerdizad Rachael D. Dombrowski Noel Kulik Kathryn A. G. Knoff Bree Bode James Mallare Dariush K. Elyaderani Ravneet Kaur Enhanced Measurement of Sugar-Sweetened Beverage Marketing to Young Immigrant Children in Grocery Store Environments Nutrients obesogenic environment sugar-sweetened beverage marketing early childhood obesity immigrant enclaves nutrition environment measures survey independently owned grocery stores |
| title | Enhanced Measurement of Sugar-Sweetened Beverage Marketing to Young Immigrant Children in Grocery Store Environments |
| title_full | Enhanced Measurement of Sugar-Sweetened Beverage Marketing to Young Immigrant Children in Grocery Store Environments |
| title_fullStr | Enhanced Measurement of Sugar-Sweetened Beverage Marketing to Young Immigrant Children in Grocery Store Environments |
| title_full_unstemmed | Enhanced Measurement of Sugar-Sweetened Beverage Marketing to Young Immigrant Children in Grocery Store Environments |
| title_short | Enhanced Measurement of Sugar-Sweetened Beverage Marketing to Young Immigrant Children in Grocery Store Environments |
| title_sort | enhanced measurement of sugar sweetened beverage marketing to young immigrant children in grocery store environments |
| topic | obesogenic environment sugar-sweetened beverage marketing early childhood obesity immigrant enclaves nutrition environment measures survey independently owned grocery stores |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/15/13/2972 |
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