The Application of High-Resolution Melting Analysis to <i>trnL</i> (UAA) Intron Allowed a Qualitative Identification of Apple Juice Adulterations
Food authenticity plays a pivotal role in the modern age since an increased consumers awareness has led them to pay more attention to food commodities. For this reason, it is important to have reliable and fast techniques able to detect possible adulterations in food, which affect qualitative and ec...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2023-03-01
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| Series: | Foods |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/12/7/1437 |
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| author | Sonia Monterisi Monica Yorlady Alzate Zuluaga Andrea Porceddu Stefano Cesco Youry Pii |
| author_facet | Sonia Monterisi Monica Yorlady Alzate Zuluaga Andrea Porceddu Stefano Cesco Youry Pii |
| author_sort | Sonia Monterisi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Food authenticity plays a pivotal role in the modern age since an increased consumers awareness has led them to pay more attention to food commodities. For this reason, it is important to have reliable and fast techniques able to detect possible adulterations in food, which affect qualitative and economic value. Therefore, the aim of this study was to detect possible adulterations in apple juice from others fruit species (i.e., pear, peach, and kiwi) combining DNA barcoding approach, using <i>trnL</i> (UAA) intron, with high resolution melting analysis (HRMA). A preliminary phylogenetic analysis, using sequences retrieved by the GenBank, confirmed the discriminatory power of <i>trnL</i> (UAA) intron among the four fruit species examined. Moreover, the sequencing of the <i>trnL</i> (UAA) fragments obtained from apple, pear, peach, and kiwi, demonstrated the suitability of an inner shorter sequence, P6 loop, to differentiate the considered species. The HRMA coupled with <i>trnL</i> (UAA) intron allowed discrimination among the four fruits but provided incomplete results for juices. Whereas the HRMA targeting the P6 loop amplicons confirmed the suitability of the technique to qualitatively distinguish fruit juices composed by the combination of apple/pear and apple/peach. However, the impossibility of discriminating apple/kiwi juices from the pure kiwi sample highlighted limitations, most likely related to the DNA extraction process. This hypothesis was further confirmed by analyzing DNA blends obtained by combining nucleic acids extracted from pure matrixes (i.e., apple and kiwi fruits). In this specific case, the application of HRMA allowed both qualitative and quantitative assessment of the samples. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T05:37:30Z |
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| id | doaj.art-1f9d3aa24fe7468e8fd8e0ca2b70fe04 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2304-8158 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T05:37:30Z |
| publishDate | 2023-03-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Foods |
| spelling | doaj.art-1f9d3aa24fe7468e8fd8e0ca2b70fe042023-11-17T16:41:17ZengMDPI AGFoods2304-81582023-03-01127143710.3390/foods12071437The Application of High-Resolution Melting Analysis to <i>trnL</i> (UAA) Intron Allowed a Qualitative Identification of Apple Juice AdulterationsSonia Monterisi0Monica Yorlady Alzate Zuluaga1Andrea Porceddu2Stefano Cesco3Youry Pii4Faculty of Agricultural, Environmental and Food Sciences, Free University of Bozen-Bolzano, 39100 Bolzano, ItalyFaculty of Agricultural, Environmental and Food Sciences, Free University of Bozen-Bolzano, 39100 Bolzano, ItalyDepartment of Agriculture, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, ItalyFaculty of Agricultural, Environmental and Food Sciences, Free University of Bozen-Bolzano, 39100 Bolzano, ItalyFaculty of Agricultural, Environmental and Food Sciences, Free University of Bozen-Bolzano, 39100 Bolzano, ItalyFood authenticity plays a pivotal role in the modern age since an increased consumers awareness has led them to pay more attention to food commodities. For this reason, it is important to have reliable and fast techniques able to detect possible adulterations in food, which affect qualitative and economic value. Therefore, the aim of this study was to detect possible adulterations in apple juice from others fruit species (i.e., pear, peach, and kiwi) combining DNA barcoding approach, using <i>trnL</i> (UAA) intron, with high resolution melting analysis (HRMA). A preliminary phylogenetic analysis, using sequences retrieved by the GenBank, confirmed the discriminatory power of <i>trnL</i> (UAA) intron among the four fruit species examined. Moreover, the sequencing of the <i>trnL</i> (UAA) fragments obtained from apple, pear, peach, and kiwi, demonstrated the suitability of an inner shorter sequence, P6 loop, to differentiate the considered species. The HRMA coupled with <i>trnL</i> (UAA) intron allowed discrimination among the four fruits but provided incomplete results for juices. Whereas the HRMA targeting the P6 loop amplicons confirmed the suitability of the technique to qualitatively distinguish fruit juices composed by the combination of apple/pear and apple/peach. However, the impossibility of discriminating apple/kiwi juices from the pure kiwi sample highlighted limitations, most likely related to the DNA extraction process. This hypothesis was further confirmed by analyzing DNA blends obtained by combining nucleic acids extracted from pure matrixes (i.e., apple and kiwi fruits). In this specific case, the application of HRMA allowed both qualitative and quantitative assessment of the samples.https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/12/7/1437food authenticityfruit juiceP6 loopplant DNA barcodingreal-time PCR |
| spellingShingle | Sonia Monterisi Monica Yorlady Alzate Zuluaga Andrea Porceddu Stefano Cesco Youry Pii The Application of High-Resolution Melting Analysis to <i>trnL</i> (UAA) Intron Allowed a Qualitative Identification of Apple Juice Adulterations Foods food authenticity fruit juice P6 loop plant DNA barcoding real-time PCR |
| title | The Application of High-Resolution Melting Analysis to <i>trnL</i> (UAA) Intron Allowed a Qualitative Identification of Apple Juice Adulterations |
| title_full | The Application of High-Resolution Melting Analysis to <i>trnL</i> (UAA) Intron Allowed a Qualitative Identification of Apple Juice Adulterations |
| title_fullStr | The Application of High-Resolution Melting Analysis to <i>trnL</i> (UAA) Intron Allowed a Qualitative Identification of Apple Juice Adulterations |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Application of High-Resolution Melting Analysis to <i>trnL</i> (UAA) Intron Allowed a Qualitative Identification of Apple Juice Adulterations |
| title_short | The Application of High-Resolution Melting Analysis to <i>trnL</i> (UAA) Intron Allowed a Qualitative Identification of Apple Juice Adulterations |
| title_sort | application of high resolution melting analysis to i trnl i uaa intron allowed a qualitative identification of apple juice adulterations |
| topic | food authenticity fruit juice P6 loop plant DNA barcoding real-time PCR |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/12/7/1437 |
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