Rigid Polyurethane Biofoams Filled with Pine Seed Shell and Yerba Mate Wastes
Pine seed shells and yerba mate are common wastes leftover from the food and beverage industry. This study presents the development of rigid polyurethane foams (RPUFs) filled with pine seed shells and yerba mate at 5, 10 and 15 wt%. The fillers were characterized for chemical properties using bench...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-05-01
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| Series: | Polymers |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/15/9/2194 |
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| author | Andrey Pereira Acosta Agnė Kairytė Sylwia Członka Karolina Miedzińska Arthur Behenck Aramburu Kelvin Techera Barbosa Sandro Campos Amico Rafael de Avila Delucis |
| author_facet | Andrey Pereira Acosta Agnė Kairytė Sylwia Członka Karolina Miedzińska Arthur Behenck Aramburu Kelvin Techera Barbosa Sandro Campos Amico Rafael de Avila Delucis |
| author_sort | Andrey Pereira Acosta |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Pine seed shells and yerba mate are common wastes leftover from the food and beverage industry. This study presents the development of rigid polyurethane foams (RPUFs) filled with pine seed shells and yerba mate at 5, 10 and 15 wt%. The fillers were characterized for chemical properties using bench chemistry analyses, and the RPUFs were investigated in terms of chemical, morphological, mechanical, thermal and colorimetric characteristics. The main results indicated that yerba mate showed good compatibility with the polyurethane system, probably because its available hydroxyl groups reacted with isocyanate groups to form urethane bonds, producing increases in mechanical and thermal properties. However, pine seed shell did not appear to be compatible. Anisotropy increased slightly, as there was an increase in the percentage of reinforcement. The mechanical properties of the yerba mate reinforced foams proved stable, while there was a loss of overall up to ~50% for all mechanical properties in those reinforced with pine seed shell. Thermal properties were improved up to ~40% for the yerba mate reinforced foams, while those reinforced with pine nuts were stable. It was possible to observe a decrease in the glass transition temperature (T<sub>g</sub>) of ~−5 °C for the yerba mate reinforced foams and ~−14 °C for the pine seed shell reinforced ones. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T04:08:52Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-1fb4266b899841488284342e7b6f87e8 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4360 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T04:08:52Z |
| publishDate | 2023-05-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Polymers |
| spelling | doaj.art-1fb4266b899841488284342e7b6f87e82023-11-17T23:36:29ZengMDPI AGPolymers2073-43602023-05-01159219410.3390/polym15092194Rigid Polyurethane Biofoams Filled with Pine Seed Shell and Yerba Mate WastesAndrey Pereira Acosta0Agnė Kairytė1Sylwia Członka2Karolina Miedzińska3Arthur Behenck Aramburu4Kelvin Techera Barbosa5Sandro Campos Amico6Rafael de Avila Delucis7Postgraduate Program in Mining, Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 91501-970, BrazilLaboratory of Thermal Insulating Materials and Acoustics, Institute of Building Materials, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Vilnius Gediminas Technical University, Linkmenų St. 28, 08217 Vilnius, LithuaniaInstitute of Polymer and Dye Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Lodz University of Technology, Stefanowskiego 12/16, 90-924 Lodz, PolandInstitute of Polymer and Dye Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Lodz University of Technology, Stefanowskiego 12/16, 90-924 Lodz, PolandPostgraduate Program in Mining, Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 91501-970, BrazilPostgraduate Program in Mining, Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 91501-970, BrazilPostgraduate Program in Mining, Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 91501-970, BrazilPostgraduate Program in Materials Science and Engineering (PPGCEM), Technology Development Center, Federal University of Pelotas (UFPel), Pelotas 96010-610, BrazilPine seed shells and yerba mate are common wastes leftover from the food and beverage industry. This study presents the development of rigid polyurethane foams (RPUFs) filled with pine seed shells and yerba mate at 5, 10 and 15 wt%. The fillers were characterized for chemical properties using bench chemistry analyses, and the RPUFs were investigated in terms of chemical, morphological, mechanical, thermal and colorimetric characteristics. The main results indicated that yerba mate showed good compatibility with the polyurethane system, probably because its available hydroxyl groups reacted with isocyanate groups to form urethane bonds, producing increases in mechanical and thermal properties. However, pine seed shell did not appear to be compatible. Anisotropy increased slightly, as there was an increase in the percentage of reinforcement. The mechanical properties of the yerba mate reinforced foams proved stable, while there was a loss of overall up to ~50% for all mechanical properties in those reinforced with pine seed shell. Thermal properties were improved up to ~40% for the yerba mate reinforced foams, while those reinforced with pine nuts were stable. It was possible to observe a decrease in the glass transition temperature (T<sub>g</sub>) of ~−5 °C for the yerba mate reinforced foams and ~−14 °C for the pine seed shell reinforced ones.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/15/9/2194pine seed shellsyerba mateRPUFsustainable foamscharacterization |
| spellingShingle | Andrey Pereira Acosta Agnė Kairytė Sylwia Członka Karolina Miedzińska Arthur Behenck Aramburu Kelvin Techera Barbosa Sandro Campos Amico Rafael de Avila Delucis Rigid Polyurethane Biofoams Filled with Pine Seed Shell and Yerba Mate Wastes Polymers pine seed shells yerba mate RPUF sustainable foams characterization |
| title | Rigid Polyurethane Biofoams Filled with Pine Seed Shell and Yerba Mate Wastes |
| title_full | Rigid Polyurethane Biofoams Filled with Pine Seed Shell and Yerba Mate Wastes |
| title_fullStr | Rigid Polyurethane Biofoams Filled with Pine Seed Shell and Yerba Mate Wastes |
| title_full_unstemmed | Rigid Polyurethane Biofoams Filled with Pine Seed Shell and Yerba Mate Wastes |
| title_short | Rigid Polyurethane Biofoams Filled with Pine Seed Shell and Yerba Mate Wastes |
| title_sort | rigid polyurethane biofoams filled with pine seed shell and yerba mate wastes |
| topic | pine seed shells yerba mate RPUF sustainable foams characterization |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/15/9/2194 |
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