Diagnostic Value of Detecting Feline Coronavirus RNA and Spike Gene Mutations in Cerebrospinal Fluid to Confirm Feline Infectious Peritonitis
Background: Cats with neurologic feline infectious peritonitis (FIP) are difficult to diagnose. Aim of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic value of detecting feline coronavirus (FCoV) RNA and spike (S) gene mutations in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Methods: The study included 30 cats with confir...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-01-01
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| Series: | Viruses |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/13/2/186 |
| _version_ | 1827597568867041280 |
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| author | Sandra Felten Kaspar Matiasek Christian M. Leutenegger Laura Sangl Stephanie Herre Stefanie Dörfelt Andrea Fischer Katrin Hartmann |
| author_facet | Sandra Felten Kaspar Matiasek Christian M. Leutenegger Laura Sangl Stephanie Herre Stefanie Dörfelt Andrea Fischer Katrin Hartmann |
| author_sort | Sandra Felten |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background: Cats with neurologic feline infectious peritonitis (FIP) are difficult to diagnose. Aim of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic value of detecting feline coronavirus (FCoV) RNA and spike (S) gene mutations in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Methods: The study included 30 cats with confirmed FIP (six with neurological signs) and 29 control cats (eleven with neurological signs) with other diseases resulting in similar clinical signs. CSF was tested for FCoV RNA by 7b-RT-qPCR in all cats. In RT-qPCR-positive cases, S-RT-qPCR was additionally performed to identify spike gene mutations. Results: Nine cats with FIP (9/30, 30%), but none of the control cats were positive for FCoV RNA in CSF. Sensitivity of 7b-RT-qPCR in CSF was higher for cats with neurological FIP (83.3%; 95% confidence interval (95% CI) 41.8–98.9) than for cats with non-neurological FIP (16.7%; 95% CI 6.1–36.5). Spike gene mutations were rarely detected. Conclusions: FCoV RNA was frequently present in CSF of cats with neurological FIP, but only rarely in cats with non-neurological FIP. Screening for spike gene mutations did not enhance specificity in this patient group. Larger populations of cats with neurological FIP should be explored in future studies. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T03:34:17Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-1fc17608a17444d890ec14ed6d7c1378 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1999-4915 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T03:34:17Z |
| publishDate | 2021-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Viruses |
| spelling | doaj.art-1fc17608a17444d890ec14ed6d7c13782023-12-03T14:50:42ZengMDPI AGViruses1999-49152021-01-0113218610.3390/v13020186Diagnostic Value of Detecting Feline Coronavirus RNA and Spike Gene Mutations in Cerebrospinal Fluid to Confirm Feline Infectious PeritonitisSandra Felten0Kaspar Matiasek1Christian M. Leutenegger2Laura Sangl3Stephanie Herre4Stefanie Dörfelt5Andrea Fischer6Katrin Hartmann7Clinic of Small Animal Medicine, Center for Clinical Veterinary Medicine, LMU Munich, Veterinärstr. 13, 80539 Munich, GermanySection of Clinical & Comparative Neuropathology, Center for Clinical Veterinary Medicine, LMU Munich, Veterinärstr. 13, 80539 Munich, GermanyIDEXX Laboratories, Inc., 2825 KOVR Dr., West Sacramento, CA 95605, USAClinic of Small Animal Medicine, Center for Clinical Veterinary Medicine, LMU Munich, Veterinärstr. 13, 80539 Munich, GermanyClinic of Small Animal Medicine, Center for Clinical Veterinary Medicine, LMU Munich, Veterinärstr. 13, 80539 Munich, GermanyClinic of Small Animal Medicine, Center for Clinical Veterinary Medicine, LMU Munich, Veterinärstr. 13, 80539 Munich, GermanyClinic of Small Animal Medicine, Center for Clinical Veterinary Medicine, LMU Munich, Veterinärstr. 13, 80539 Munich, GermanyClinic of Small Animal Medicine, Center for Clinical Veterinary Medicine, LMU Munich, Veterinärstr. 13, 80539 Munich, GermanyBackground: Cats with neurologic feline infectious peritonitis (FIP) are difficult to diagnose. Aim of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic value of detecting feline coronavirus (FCoV) RNA and spike (S) gene mutations in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Methods: The study included 30 cats with confirmed FIP (six with neurological signs) and 29 control cats (eleven with neurological signs) with other diseases resulting in similar clinical signs. CSF was tested for FCoV RNA by 7b-RT-qPCR in all cats. In RT-qPCR-positive cases, S-RT-qPCR was additionally performed to identify spike gene mutations. Results: Nine cats with FIP (9/30, 30%), but none of the control cats were positive for FCoV RNA in CSF. Sensitivity of 7b-RT-qPCR in CSF was higher for cats with neurological FIP (83.3%; 95% confidence interval (95% CI) 41.8–98.9) than for cats with non-neurological FIP (16.7%; 95% CI 6.1–36.5). Spike gene mutations were rarely detected. Conclusions: FCoV RNA was frequently present in CSF of cats with neurological FIP, but only rarely in cats with non-neurological FIP. Screening for spike gene mutations did not enhance specificity in this patient group. Larger populations of cats with neurological FIP should be explored in future studies.https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/13/2/186FCoVdiagnosisPCRRT-PCRFIPVneurological signs |
| spellingShingle | Sandra Felten Kaspar Matiasek Christian M. Leutenegger Laura Sangl Stephanie Herre Stefanie Dörfelt Andrea Fischer Katrin Hartmann Diagnostic Value of Detecting Feline Coronavirus RNA and Spike Gene Mutations in Cerebrospinal Fluid to Confirm Feline Infectious Peritonitis Viruses FCoV diagnosis PCR RT-PCR FIPV neurological signs |
| title | Diagnostic Value of Detecting Feline Coronavirus RNA and Spike Gene Mutations in Cerebrospinal Fluid to Confirm Feline Infectious Peritonitis |
| title_full | Diagnostic Value of Detecting Feline Coronavirus RNA and Spike Gene Mutations in Cerebrospinal Fluid to Confirm Feline Infectious Peritonitis |
| title_fullStr | Diagnostic Value of Detecting Feline Coronavirus RNA and Spike Gene Mutations in Cerebrospinal Fluid to Confirm Feline Infectious Peritonitis |
| title_full_unstemmed | Diagnostic Value of Detecting Feline Coronavirus RNA and Spike Gene Mutations in Cerebrospinal Fluid to Confirm Feline Infectious Peritonitis |
| title_short | Diagnostic Value of Detecting Feline Coronavirus RNA and Spike Gene Mutations in Cerebrospinal Fluid to Confirm Feline Infectious Peritonitis |
| title_sort | diagnostic value of detecting feline coronavirus rna and spike gene mutations in cerebrospinal fluid to confirm feline infectious peritonitis |
| topic | FCoV diagnosis PCR RT-PCR FIPV neurological signs |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/13/2/186 |
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