Feasibility of AR-VR use in autonomous cars for user engagements and its effects on posture and vigilance during transit
Autonomous driving system (ADS) is anticipated to revolutionize travel by reclaiming lost time and improve safety on the roads. With automation, user-engagements that enhances road monitoring should be considered to maintain vigilance and safety. From the literature, virtual reality (VR) usage in ca...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Palacký University Olomouc
2023-04-01
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| Series: | Transactions on Transport Sciences |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://tots.upol.cz/artkey/tot-202301-0001_feasibility-of-ar-vr-use-in-autonomous-cars-for-user-engagements-and-its-effects-on-posture-and-vigilance-durin.php |
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| author | Joseph Muguro Pringgo Widyo Laksono Yuta Sasatake Muhammad Ilhamdi Rusydi Kojiro Matsushita Minoru Sasaki |
| author_facet | Joseph Muguro Pringgo Widyo Laksono Yuta Sasatake Muhammad Ilhamdi Rusydi Kojiro Matsushita Minoru Sasaki |
| author_sort | Joseph Muguro |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Autonomous driving system (ADS) is anticipated to revolutionize travel by reclaiming lost time and improve safety on the roads. With automation, user-engagements that enhances road monitoring should be considered to maintain vigilance and safety. From the literature, virtual reality (VR) usage in cars offer productivity and increased privacy. This paper explores the efficacy of passenger use of VR headsets to enhance user-engagement during transit. User-engagement was quantified using physiological measures (pupillary response and electrodermal activity) during an in-car VR game/activity experiment. Further, the impacts of engaging with secondary tasks was evaluated using reaction time of pop-up objects. We designed a driving simulation with inbuilt entertaining activities, no-task, game-task, video-task, and mixed-task, played in a real car with a FOVE VR headset on the perimeter track of the Gifu University campus with 15 subjects (average 25.6 years, SD = 6.4). From reaction time, significant difference between tasks was found using one-way ANOVA (F(3,231) = 2.75, p = .0437). A post-hoc test revealed that game and mixed task reaction times were significantly different (p = .0126 and p = .016, respectively) suggesting that task design should consider hazard recognition in a real car. From physiological measures, an increased/sustained effect of user engagement was noted compared with baseline (no-task) suggesting effectiveness in maintaining vigilance. The results also reported a 10-fold improvement in sitting posture compared to baseline. The methodology employed is applicable as an indirect measure of engagement that would find use in productivity and vigilance study in an ADS. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-09T14:55:03Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-1ff64b4754e647e79efb409234eeb3c2 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1802-9876 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-09T14:55:03Z |
| publishDate | 2023-04-01 |
| publisher | Palacký University Olomouc |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Transactions on Transport Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-1ff64b4754e647e79efb409234eeb3c22023-05-02T06:20:42ZengPalacký University OlomoucTransactions on Transport Sciences1802-98762023-04-0114141310.5507/tots.2022.019tot-202301-0001Feasibility of AR-VR use in autonomous cars for user engagements and its effects on posture and vigilance during transitJoseph MuguroPringgo Widyo LaksonoYuta SasatakeMuhammad Ilhamdi RusydiKojiro MatsushitaMinoru SasakiAutonomous driving system (ADS) is anticipated to revolutionize travel by reclaiming lost time and improve safety on the roads. With automation, user-engagements that enhances road monitoring should be considered to maintain vigilance and safety. From the literature, virtual reality (VR) usage in cars offer productivity and increased privacy. This paper explores the efficacy of passenger use of VR headsets to enhance user-engagement during transit. User-engagement was quantified using physiological measures (pupillary response and electrodermal activity) during an in-car VR game/activity experiment. Further, the impacts of engaging with secondary tasks was evaluated using reaction time of pop-up objects. We designed a driving simulation with inbuilt entertaining activities, no-task, game-task, video-task, and mixed-task, played in a real car with a FOVE VR headset on the perimeter track of the Gifu University campus with 15 subjects (average 25.6 years, SD = 6.4). From reaction time, significant difference between tasks was found using one-way ANOVA (F(3,231) = 2.75, p = .0437). A post-hoc test revealed that game and mixed task reaction times were significantly different (p = .0126 and p = .016, respectively) suggesting that task design should consider hazard recognition in a real car. From physiological measures, an increased/sustained effect of user engagement was noted compared with baseline (no-task) suggesting effectiveness in maintaining vigilance. The results also reported a 10-fold improvement in sitting posture compared to baseline. The methodology employed is applicable as an indirect measure of engagement that would find use in productivity and vigilance study in an ADS.https://tots.upol.cz/artkey/tot-202301-0001_feasibility-of-ar-vr-use-in-autonomous-cars-for-user-engagements-and-its-effects-on-posture-and-vigilance-durin.phpautonomous driving systems; driver/passenger engagement; driving related tasks3d-vr/arin-car vr |
| spellingShingle | Joseph Muguro Pringgo Widyo Laksono Yuta Sasatake Muhammad Ilhamdi Rusydi Kojiro Matsushita Minoru Sasaki Feasibility of AR-VR use in autonomous cars for user engagements and its effects on posture and vigilance during transit Transactions on Transport Sciences autonomous driving systems; driver/passenger engagement; driving related tasks 3d-vr/ar in-car vr |
| title | Feasibility of AR-VR use in autonomous cars for user engagements and its effects on posture and vigilance during transit |
| title_full | Feasibility of AR-VR use in autonomous cars for user engagements and its effects on posture and vigilance during transit |
| title_fullStr | Feasibility of AR-VR use in autonomous cars for user engagements and its effects on posture and vigilance during transit |
| title_full_unstemmed | Feasibility of AR-VR use in autonomous cars for user engagements and its effects on posture and vigilance during transit |
| title_short | Feasibility of AR-VR use in autonomous cars for user engagements and its effects on posture and vigilance during transit |
| title_sort | feasibility of ar vr use in autonomous cars for user engagements and its effects on posture and vigilance during transit |
| topic | autonomous driving systems; driver/passenger engagement; driving related tasks 3d-vr/ar in-car vr |
| url | https://tots.upol.cz/artkey/tot-202301-0001_feasibility-of-ar-vr-use-in-autonomous-cars-for-user-engagements-and-its-effects-on-posture-and-vigilance-durin.php |
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