Label-Free Digital Holographic Microscopy for In Vitro Cytotoxic Effect Quantification of Organic Nanoparticles
Cytotoxicity quantification of nanoparticles is commonly performed by biochemical assays to evaluate their biocompatibility and safety. We explored quantitative phase imaging (QPI) with digital holographic microscopy (DHM) as a time-resolved in vitro assay to quantify effects caused by three differe...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2022-02-01
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| Series: | Cells |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/11/4/644 |
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| author | Kai Moritz Eder Anne Marzi Álvaro Barroso Steffi Ketelhut Björn Kemper Jürgen Schnekenburger |
| author_facet | Kai Moritz Eder Anne Marzi Álvaro Barroso Steffi Ketelhut Björn Kemper Jürgen Schnekenburger |
| author_sort | Kai Moritz Eder |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Cytotoxicity quantification of nanoparticles is commonly performed by biochemical assays to evaluate their biocompatibility and safety. We explored quantitative phase imaging (QPI) with digital holographic microscopy (DHM) as a time-resolved in vitro assay to quantify effects caused by three different types of organic nanoparticles in development for medical use. Label-free proliferation quantification of native cell populations facilitates cytotoxicity testing in biomedical nanotechnology. Therefore, DHM quantitative phase images from measurements on nanomaterial and control agent incubated cells were acquired over 24 h, from which the temporal course of the cellular dry mass was calculated within the observed field of view. The impact of LipImage™ 815 lipidots<sup>®</sup> nanoparticles, as well as empty and cabazitaxel-loaded poly(alkyl cyanoacrylate) nanoparticles on the dry mass development of four different cell lines (RAW 264.7, NIH-3T3, NRK-52E, and RLE-6TN), was observed vs. digitonin as cytotoxicity control and cells in culture medium. The acquired QPI data were compared to a colorimetric cell viability assay (WST-8) to explore the use of the DHM assay with standard biochemical analysis methods downstream. Our results show that QPI with DHM is highly suitable to identify harmful or low-toxic nanomaterials. The presented DHM assay can be implemented with commercial microscopes. The capability for imaging of native cells and the compatibility with common 96-well plates allows high-throughput systems and future embedding into existing experimental routines for in vitro cytotoxicity assessment. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T22:20:53Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-1ff7e07e199d447cb1889e89382677e7 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4409 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T22:20:53Z |
| publishDate | 2022-02-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Cells |
| spelling | doaj.art-1ff7e07e199d447cb1889e89382677e72023-11-23T19:14:39ZengMDPI AGCells2073-44092022-02-0111464410.3390/cells11040644Label-Free Digital Holographic Microscopy for In Vitro Cytotoxic Effect Quantification of Organic NanoparticlesKai Moritz Eder0Anne Marzi1Álvaro Barroso2Steffi Ketelhut3Björn Kemper4Jürgen Schnekenburger5Biomedical Technology Center, University of Muenster, Mendelstraße 17, D-48149 Muenster, GermanyBiomedical Technology Center, University of Muenster, Mendelstraße 17, D-48149 Muenster, GermanyBiomedical Technology Center, University of Muenster, Mendelstraße 17, D-48149 Muenster, GermanyBiomedical Technology Center, University of Muenster, Mendelstraße 17, D-48149 Muenster, GermanyBiomedical Technology Center, University of Muenster, Mendelstraße 17, D-48149 Muenster, GermanyBiomedical Technology Center, University of Muenster, Mendelstraße 17, D-48149 Muenster, GermanyCytotoxicity quantification of nanoparticles is commonly performed by biochemical assays to evaluate their biocompatibility and safety. We explored quantitative phase imaging (QPI) with digital holographic microscopy (DHM) as a time-resolved in vitro assay to quantify effects caused by three different types of organic nanoparticles in development for medical use. Label-free proliferation quantification of native cell populations facilitates cytotoxicity testing in biomedical nanotechnology. Therefore, DHM quantitative phase images from measurements on nanomaterial and control agent incubated cells were acquired over 24 h, from which the temporal course of the cellular dry mass was calculated within the observed field of view. The impact of LipImage™ 815 lipidots<sup>®</sup> nanoparticles, as well as empty and cabazitaxel-loaded poly(alkyl cyanoacrylate) nanoparticles on the dry mass development of four different cell lines (RAW 264.7, NIH-3T3, NRK-52E, and RLE-6TN), was observed vs. digitonin as cytotoxicity control and cells in culture medium. The acquired QPI data were compared to a colorimetric cell viability assay (WST-8) to explore the use of the DHM assay with standard biochemical analysis methods downstream. Our results show that QPI with DHM is highly suitable to identify harmful or low-toxic nanomaterials. The presented DHM assay can be implemented with commercial microscopes. The capability for imaging of native cells and the compatibility with common 96-well plates allows high-throughput systems and future embedding into existing experimental routines for in vitro cytotoxicity assessment.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/11/4/644digital holographic microscopy quantitative phase imagingnanoparticlescytotoxicityin vitrocell culturedry mass |
| spellingShingle | Kai Moritz Eder Anne Marzi Álvaro Barroso Steffi Ketelhut Björn Kemper Jürgen Schnekenburger Label-Free Digital Holographic Microscopy for In Vitro Cytotoxic Effect Quantification of Organic Nanoparticles Cells digital holographic microscopy quantitative phase imaging nanoparticles cytotoxicity in vitro cell culture dry mass |
| title | Label-Free Digital Holographic Microscopy for In Vitro Cytotoxic Effect Quantification of Organic Nanoparticles |
| title_full | Label-Free Digital Holographic Microscopy for In Vitro Cytotoxic Effect Quantification of Organic Nanoparticles |
| title_fullStr | Label-Free Digital Holographic Microscopy for In Vitro Cytotoxic Effect Quantification of Organic Nanoparticles |
| title_full_unstemmed | Label-Free Digital Holographic Microscopy for In Vitro Cytotoxic Effect Quantification of Organic Nanoparticles |
| title_short | Label-Free Digital Holographic Microscopy for In Vitro Cytotoxic Effect Quantification of Organic Nanoparticles |
| title_sort | label free digital holographic microscopy for in vitro cytotoxic effect quantification of organic nanoparticles |
| topic | digital holographic microscopy quantitative phase imaging nanoparticles cytotoxicity in vitro cell culture dry mass |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/11/4/644 |
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