The ƒ'/Q Factor in the Relationship Between Inherent and Apparent Optical Properties in a Typical Inland Water (Lake Taihu, China)
Water reflectance anisotropy has serious implications for the remote sensing of water surfaces. The <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">${\bm{f}^{\prime}}/{\bm{Q}}$</tex-math></inline-formula> factor serves as a crucial bridge connecting the inherent and appa...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
IEEE
2024-01-01
|
| Series: | IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10364633/ |
| _version_ | 1797357960973778944 |
|---|---|
| author | Yu Zhang Lifu Zhang Yi Cen Hongying Zhao Junsheng Li Qingxi Tong |
| author_facet | Yu Zhang Lifu Zhang Yi Cen Hongying Zhao Junsheng Li Qingxi Tong |
| author_sort | Yu Zhang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Water reflectance anisotropy has serious implications for the remote sensing of water surfaces. The <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">${\bm{f}^{\prime}}/{\bm{Q}}$</tex-math></inline-formula> factor serves as a crucial bridge connecting the inherent and apparent optical properties of turbid water bodies; <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">${\bm{f}^{\prime}}/{\bm{Q}}$</tex-math></inline-formula> varies not only with angular geometry and inherent optical properties (IOPs), but also with wavelength. However, there was limited research on <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">${\bm{f}^{\prime}}/{\bm{Q}}$</tex-math></inline-formula> in turbid water bodies. This research conducted preliminary exploration on <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">${\bm{f}^{\prime}}/{\bm{Q}}$</tex-math></inline-formula> in inland turbid water bodies based on measurements of in-situ multi-angle bidirectionality reflectance, including 17 angles and 251 bands when the solar zenith angle (<inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">${{\bm{\theta }}}_{\bm{s}}$</tex-math></inline-formula>) was between 40° and 50°. This study indicated that <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">${\bm{f}^{\prime}}/{\bm{Q}}$</tex-math></inline-formula> exhibited highly sensitivity in the wavelength range of 690–750 nm with a peak near 727 nm, as well as angular geometry played an important role in the BRDF. The <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">${\bm{f}^{\prime}}/{\bm{Q}}$</tex-math></inline-formula> varied over the range of 0.13–0.18 sr<sup>−1</sup>, variation of 0.06 sr<sup>−1</sup> across different bands, when viewing zenith angle (<inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">${{\bm{\theta }}}_{\bm{v}}$</tex-math></inline-formula>) and particle backscattering ratio (<inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">${{\tilde{\bm{b}}}}_{{\bm{bp}}}$</tex-math></inline-formula>) were 0 and 0.0183, respectively; higher than the range observed for the ocean (0.08–0.15 sr<sup>−1</sup>). The variability in <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">${\bm{f}^{\prime}}/{\bm{Q}}$</tex-math></inline-formula> as a function of wavelength must be accounted for in turbid waters. The <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">${\bm{f}^{\prime}}/{\bm{Q}}$</tex-math></inline-formula> was correlated with the IOPs in the range of 690–750 nm, with coefficient of determination (<italic>R</italic><sup>2</sup>) values higher than 0.94 and root mean square error (RMSE) values lower than 0.004. Our findings are of great significance for understanding the relationship between inherent and apparent optical properties in inland water bodies, for BRDF studies, and for improving the accuracy of satellite product retrieval. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-08T14:53:05Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-1ff87fa66d284acdb36d4e4b259e001d |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2151-1535 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-08T14:53:05Z |
| publishDate | 2024-01-01 |
| publisher | IEEE |
| record_format | Article |
| series | IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing |
| spelling | doaj.art-1ff87fa66d284acdb36d4e4b259e001d2024-01-11T00:01:21ZengIEEEIEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing2151-15352024-01-01171565157410.1109/JSTARS.2023.332140010364633The ƒ'/Q Factor in the Relationship Between Inherent and Apparent Optical Properties in a Typical Inland Water (Lake Taihu, China)Yu Zhang0https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9096-8968Lifu Zhang1https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3533-9966Yi Cen2Hongying Zhao3https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0499-3460Junsheng Li4https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8590-9736Qingxi Tong5Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, ChinaAerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, ChinaAerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, ChinaPeking University, Beijing, ChinaAerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, ChinaAerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, ChinaWater reflectance anisotropy has serious implications for the remote sensing of water surfaces. The <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">${\bm{f}^{\prime}}/{\bm{Q}}$</tex-math></inline-formula> factor serves as a crucial bridge connecting the inherent and apparent optical properties of turbid water bodies; <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">${\bm{f}^{\prime}}/{\bm{Q}}$</tex-math></inline-formula> varies not only with angular geometry and inherent optical properties (IOPs), but also with wavelength. However, there was limited research on <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">${\bm{f}^{\prime}}/{\bm{Q}}$</tex-math></inline-formula> in turbid water bodies. This research conducted preliminary exploration on <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">${\bm{f}^{\prime}}/{\bm{Q}}$</tex-math></inline-formula> in inland turbid water bodies based on measurements of in-situ multi-angle bidirectionality reflectance, including 17 angles and 251 bands when the solar zenith angle (<inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">${{\bm{\theta }}}_{\bm{s}}$</tex-math></inline-formula>) was between 40° and 50°. This study indicated that <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">${\bm{f}^{\prime}}/{\bm{Q}}$</tex-math></inline-formula> exhibited highly sensitivity in the wavelength range of 690–750 nm with a peak near 727 nm, as well as angular geometry played an important role in the BRDF. The <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">${\bm{f}^{\prime}}/{\bm{Q}}$</tex-math></inline-formula> varied over the range of 0.13–0.18 sr<sup>−1</sup>, variation of 0.06 sr<sup>−1</sup> across different bands, when viewing zenith angle (<inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">${{\bm{\theta }}}_{\bm{v}}$</tex-math></inline-formula>) and particle backscattering ratio (<inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">${{\tilde{\bm{b}}}}_{{\bm{bp}}}$</tex-math></inline-formula>) were 0 and 0.0183, respectively; higher than the range observed for the ocean (0.08–0.15 sr<sup>−1</sup>). The variability in <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">${\bm{f}^{\prime}}/{\bm{Q}}$</tex-math></inline-formula> as a function of wavelength must be accounted for in turbid waters. The <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">${\bm{f}^{\prime}}/{\bm{Q}}$</tex-math></inline-formula> was correlated with the IOPs in the range of 690–750 nm, with coefficient of determination (<italic>R</italic><sup>2</sup>) values higher than 0.94 and root mean square error (RMSE) values lower than 0.004. Our findings are of great significance for understanding the relationship between inherent and apparent optical properties in inland water bodies, for BRDF studies, and for improving the accuracy of satellite product retrieval.https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10364633/Bidirectional reflectance distribution function (BRDF)inland watersmulti-angle reflectanceradiative transferremote sensing |
| spellingShingle | Yu Zhang Lifu Zhang Yi Cen Hongying Zhao Junsheng Li Qingxi Tong The ƒ'/Q Factor in the Relationship Between Inherent and Apparent Optical Properties in a Typical Inland Water (Lake Taihu, China) IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing Bidirectional reflectance distribution function (BRDF) inland waters multi-angle reflectance radiative transfer remote sensing |
| title | The ƒ'/Q Factor in the Relationship Between Inherent and Apparent Optical Properties in a Typical Inland Water (Lake Taihu, China) |
| title_full | The ƒ'/Q Factor in the Relationship Between Inherent and Apparent Optical Properties in a Typical Inland Water (Lake Taihu, China) |
| title_fullStr | The ƒ'/Q Factor in the Relationship Between Inherent and Apparent Optical Properties in a Typical Inland Water (Lake Taihu, China) |
| title_full_unstemmed | The ƒ'/Q Factor in the Relationship Between Inherent and Apparent Optical Properties in a Typical Inland Water (Lake Taihu, China) |
| title_short | The ƒ'/Q Factor in the Relationship Between Inherent and Apparent Optical Properties in a Typical Inland Water (Lake Taihu, China) |
| title_sort | x0192 x002f q factor in the relationship between inherent and apparent optical properties in a typical inland water lake taihu china |
| topic | Bidirectional reflectance distribution function (BRDF) inland waters multi-angle reflectance radiative transfer remote sensing |
| url | https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10364633/ |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT yuzhang thex0192x002fqfactorintherelationshipbetweeninherentandapparentopticalpropertiesinatypicalinlandwaterlaketaihuchina AT lifuzhang thex0192x002fqfactorintherelationshipbetweeninherentandapparentopticalpropertiesinatypicalinlandwaterlaketaihuchina AT yicen thex0192x002fqfactorintherelationshipbetweeninherentandapparentopticalpropertiesinatypicalinlandwaterlaketaihuchina AT hongyingzhao thex0192x002fqfactorintherelationshipbetweeninherentandapparentopticalpropertiesinatypicalinlandwaterlaketaihuchina AT junshengli thex0192x002fqfactorintherelationshipbetweeninherentandapparentopticalpropertiesinatypicalinlandwaterlaketaihuchina AT qingxitong thex0192x002fqfactorintherelationshipbetweeninherentandapparentopticalpropertiesinatypicalinlandwaterlaketaihuchina AT yuzhang x0192x002fqfactorintherelationshipbetweeninherentandapparentopticalpropertiesinatypicalinlandwaterlaketaihuchina AT lifuzhang x0192x002fqfactorintherelationshipbetweeninherentandapparentopticalpropertiesinatypicalinlandwaterlaketaihuchina AT yicen x0192x002fqfactorintherelationshipbetweeninherentandapparentopticalpropertiesinatypicalinlandwaterlaketaihuchina AT hongyingzhao x0192x002fqfactorintherelationshipbetweeninherentandapparentopticalpropertiesinatypicalinlandwaterlaketaihuchina AT junshengli x0192x002fqfactorintherelationshipbetweeninherentandapparentopticalpropertiesinatypicalinlandwaterlaketaihuchina AT qingxitong x0192x002fqfactorintherelationshipbetweeninherentandapparentopticalpropertiesinatypicalinlandwaterlaketaihuchina |