Assessment of Collective Production of Biomethane from Livestock Waste for Urban Transportation Mobility in Brazil and the United States
Water, energy, and food are essential elements for human life, but face constant pressure resulting from economic development, climate change, and other global processes. Predictions of rapid economic growth, increasing population, and urbanization in the coming decades point to rapidly increasing d...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2018-04-01
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| Series: | Energies |
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| Online Access: | http://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/11/4/997 |
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| author | Janaina Camile Pasqual Harry Alberto Bollmann Christopher A. Scott Thiago Edwiges Thais Carlini Baptista |
| author_facet | Janaina Camile Pasqual Harry Alberto Bollmann Christopher A. Scott Thiago Edwiges Thais Carlini Baptista |
| author_sort | Janaina Camile Pasqual |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Water, energy, and food are essential elements for human life, but face constant pressure resulting from economic development, climate change, and other global processes. Predictions of rapid economic growth, increasing population, and urbanization in the coming decades point to rapidly increasing demand for all three. In this context, improved management of the interactions among water, energy, and food requires an integrated “nexus” approach. This paper focuses on a specific nexus case: biogas generated from organic waste, a renewable source of energy created in livestock production, which can have water-quality impacts if waste enters water bodies. An innovative model is presented to make biogas and biomethane systems feasible, termed “biogas condominiums” (based on collective action given that small- and medium-scale farms on their own cannot afford the necessary investments). Based on the “farm to fuel” concept, animal waste and manure are converted into electrical and thermal energy, biofuel for transportation, and high-quality biofertilizer. This nexus approach provides multiple economic, environmental, and social benefits in both rural and urban areas, including reduction of ground and surface water pollution, decrease of fossil fuels dependence, and mitigation of greenhouse gases emissions, among others. The research finds that biogas condominiums create benefits for the whole biogas supply chain, which includes farmers, agroindustry, input providers, and local communities. The study estimated that biomethane potential in Brazil could substitute the country’s entire diesel and gasoline imports as well as 44% of the total diesel demand. In the United States, biomethane potential can meet 16% of diesel demand and significantly diversify the energy matrix. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-13T08:08:46Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-20139786534a44839345dcc3c04e4d97 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1996-1073 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-13T08:08:46Z |
| publishDate | 2018-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Energies |
| spelling | doaj.art-20139786534a44839345dcc3c04e4d972022-12-22T02:55:03ZengMDPI AGEnergies1996-10732018-04-0111499710.3390/en11040997en11040997Assessment of Collective Production of Biomethane from Livestock Waste for Urban Transportation Mobility in Brazil and the United StatesJanaina Camile Pasqual0Harry Alberto Bollmann1Christopher A. Scott2Thiago Edwiges3Thais Carlini Baptista4Urban Management Program, Pontifical Catholic University of Paraná (PUCPR), Curitiba, Paraná 80215-901, BrazilUrban Management Program, Pontifical Catholic University of Paraná (PUCPR), Curitiba, Paraná 80215-901, BrazilUdall Center for Studies in Public Policy and School of Geography & Development, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85719, USAFederal University of Technology Paraná, Medianeira, Paraná 85884-000, BrazilEnvironmental Engineering, Pontifical Catholic University of Paraná (PUCPR), Curitiba, Paraná 80215-901, BrazilWater, energy, and food are essential elements for human life, but face constant pressure resulting from economic development, climate change, and other global processes. Predictions of rapid economic growth, increasing population, and urbanization in the coming decades point to rapidly increasing demand for all three. In this context, improved management of the interactions among water, energy, and food requires an integrated “nexus” approach. This paper focuses on a specific nexus case: biogas generated from organic waste, a renewable source of energy created in livestock production, which can have water-quality impacts if waste enters water bodies. An innovative model is presented to make biogas and biomethane systems feasible, termed “biogas condominiums” (based on collective action given that small- and medium-scale farms on their own cannot afford the necessary investments). Based on the “farm to fuel” concept, animal waste and manure are converted into electrical and thermal energy, biofuel for transportation, and high-quality biofertilizer. This nexus approach provides multiple economic, environmental, and social benefits in both rural and urban areas, including reduction of ground and surface water pollution, decrease of fossil fuels dependence, and mitigation of greenhouse gases emissions, among others. The research finds that biogas condominiums create benefits for the whole biogas supply chain, which includes farmers, agroindustry, input providers, and local communities. The study estimated that biomethane potential in Brazil could substitute the country’s entire diesel and gasoline imports as well as 44% of the total diesel demand. In the United States, biomethane potential can meet 16% of diesel demand and significantly diversify the energy matrix.http://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/11/4/997water–energy–food nexusurban mobilitybiomethanegreenhouse gas emissionsrenewable energy |
| spellingShingle | Janaina Camile Pasqual Harry Alberto Bollmann Christopher A. Scott Thiago Edwiges Thais Carlini Baptista Assessment of Collective Production of Biomethane from Livestock Waste for Urban Transportation Mobility in Brazil and the United States Energies water–energy–food nexus urban mobility biomethane greenhouse gas emissions renewable energy |
| title | Assessment of Collective Production of Biomethane from Livestock Waste for Urban Transportation Mobility in Brazil and the United States |
| title_full | Assessment of Collective Production of Biomethane from Livestock Waste for Urban Transportation Mobility in Brazil and the United States |
| title_fullStr | Assessment of Collective Production of Biomethane from Livestock Waste for Urban Transportation Mobility in Brazil and the United States |
| title_full_unstemmed | Assessment of Collective Production of Biomethane from Livestock Waste for Urban Transportation Mobility in Brazil and the United States |
| title_short | Assessment of Collective Production of Biomethane from Livestock Waste for Urban Transportation Mobility in Brazil and the United States |
| title_sort | assessment of collective production of biomethane from livestock waste for urban transportation mobility in brazil and the united states |
| topic | water–energy–food nexus urban mobility biomethane greenhouse gas emissions renewable energy |
| url | http://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/11/4/997 |
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