Does combined therapy of curcumin and epigallocatechin gallate have a synergistic neuroprotective effect against spinal cord injury?
Systematic inflammatory response after spinal cord injury (SCI) is one of the factors leading to lesion development and a profound degree of functional loss. Anti-inflammatory compounds, such as curcumin and epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) are known for their neuroprotective effects. In this study,...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications
2018-01-01
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| Series: | Neural Regeneration Research |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.nrronline.org/article.asp?issn=1673-5374;year=2018;volume=13;issue=1;spage=119;epage=127;aulast=Ruzicka |
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| author | Jiri Ruzicka Lucia Machova Urdzikova Barbora Svobodova Anubhav G Amin Kristyna Karova Jana Dubisova Kristyna Zaviskova Sarka Kubinova Meic Schmidt Meena Jhanwar-Uniyal Pavla Jendelova |
| author_facet | Jiri Ruzicka Lucia Machova Urdzikova Barbora Svobodova Anubhav G Amin Kristyna Karova Jana Dubisova Kristyna Zaviskova Sarka Kubinova Meic Schmidt Meena Jhanwar-Uniyal Pavla Jendelova |
| author_sort | Jiri Ruzicka |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Systematic inflammatory response after spinal cord injury (SCI) is one of the factors leading to lesion development and a profound degree of functional loss. Anti-inflammatory compounds, such as curcumin and epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) are known for their neuroprotective effects. In this study, we investigated the effect of combined therapy of curcumin and EGCG in a rat model of acute SCI induced by balloon compression. Immediately after SCI, rats received curcumin, EGCG, curcumin + EGCG or saline [daily intraperitoneal doses (curcumin, 6 mg/kg; EGCG 17 mg/kg)] and weekly intramuscular doses (curcumin, 60 mg/kg; EGCG 17 mg/kg)] for 28 days. Rats were evaluated using behavioral tests (the Basso, Beattie, and Bresnahan (BBB) open-field locomotor test, flat beam test). Spinal cord tissue was analyzed using histological methods (Luxol Blue-cresyl violet staining) and immunohistochemistry (anti-glial fibrillary acidic protein, anti-growth associated protein 43). Cytokine levels (interleukin-1β, interleukin-4, interleukin-2, interleukin-6, macrophage inflammatory protein 1-alpha, and RANTES) were measured using Luminex assay. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction was performed to determine the relative expression of genes (Sort1, Fgf2, Irf5, Mrc1, Olig2, Casp3, Gap43, Gfap, Vegf, NfκB, Cntf) related to regenerative processes in injured spinal cord. We found that all treatments displayed significant behavioral recovery, with no obvious synergistic effect after combined therapy of curcumin and ECGC. Curcumin and EGCG alone or in combination increased axonal sprouting, decreased glial scar formation, and altered the levels of macrophage inflammatory protein 1-alpha, interleukin-1β, interleukin-4 and interleukin-6 cytokines. These results imply that although the expected synergistic response of this combined therapy was less obvious, aspects of tissue regeneration and immune responses in severe SCI were evident. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-11T17:55:05Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-2015a5af0cde44e0ab78383c27718a9f |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1673-5374 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-11T17:55:05Z |
| publishDate | 2018-01-01 |
| publisher | Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Neural Regeneration Research |
| spelling | doaj.art-2015a5af0cde44e0ab78383c27718a9f2022-12-22T00:56:06ZengWolters Kluwer Medknow PublicationsNeural Regeneration Research1673-53742018-01-0113111912710.4103/1673-5374.224379Does combined therapy of curcumin and epigallocatechin gallate have a synergistic neuroprotective effect against spinal cord injury?Jiri RuzickaLucia Machova UrdzikovaBarbora SvobodovaAnubhav G AminKristyna KarovaJana DubisovaKristyna ZaviskovaSarka KubinovaMeic SchmidtMeena Jhanwar-UniyalPavla JendelovaSystematic inflammatory response after spinal cord injury (SCI) is one of the factors leading to lesion development and a profound degree of functional loss. Anti-inflammatory compounds, such as curcumin and epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) are known for their neuroprotective effects. In this study, we investigated the effect of combined therapy of curcumin and EGCG in a rat model of acute SCI induced by balloon compression. Immediately after SCI, rats received curcumin, EGCG, curcumin + EGCG or saline [daily intraperitoneal doses (curcumin, 6 mg/kg; EGCG 17 mg/kg)] and weekly intramuscular doses (curcumin, 60 mg/kg; EGCG 17 mg/kg)] for 28 days. Rats were evaluated using behavioral tests (the Basso, Beattie, and Bresnahan (BBB) open-field locomotor test, flat beam test). Spinal cord tissue was analyzed using histological methods (Luxol Blue-cresyl violet staining) and immunohistochemistry (anti-glial fibrillary acidic protein, anti-growth associated protein 43). Cytokine levels (interleukin-1β, interleukin-4, interleukin-2, interleukin-6, macrophage inflammatory protein 1-alpha, and RANTES) were measured using Luminex assay. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction was performed to determine the relative expression of genes (Sort1, Fgf2, Irf5, Mrc1, Olig2, Casp3, Gap43, Gfap, Vegf, NfκB, Cntf) related to regenerative processes in injured spinal cord. We found that all treatments displayed significant behavioral recovery, with no obvious synergistic effect after combined therapy of curcumin and ECGC. Curcumin and EGCG alone or in combination increased axonal sprouting, decreased glial scar formation, and altered the levels of macrophage inflammatory protein 1-alpha, interleukin-1β, interleukin-4 and interleukin-6 cytokines. These results imply that although the expected synergistic response of this combined therapy was less obvious, aspects of tissue regeneration and immune responses in severe SCI were evident.http://www.nrronline.org/article.asp?issn=1673-5374;year=2018;volume=13;issue=1;spage=119;epage=127;aulast=Ruzickaspinal cord injury; epigallocatechin gallate; curcumin; inflammatory response; neural regeneration |
| spellingShingle | Jiri Ruzicka Lucia Machova Urdzikova Barbora Svobodova Anubhav G Amin Kristyna Karova Jana Dubisova Kristyna Zaviskova Sarka Kubinova Meic Schmidt Meena Jhanwar-Uniyal Pavla Jendelova Does combined therapy of curcumin and epigallocatechin gallate have a synergistic neuroprotective effect against spinal cord injury? Neural Regeneration Research spinal cord injury; epigallocatechin gallate; curcumin; inflammatory response; neural regeneration |
| title | Does combined therapy of curcumin and epigallocatechin gallate have a synergistic neuroprotective effect against spinal cord injury? |
| title_full | Does combined therapy of curcumin and epigallocatechin gallate have a synergistic neuroprotective effect against spinal cord injury? |
| title_fullStr | Does combined therapy of curcumin and epigallocatechin gallate have a synergistic neuroprotective effect against spinal cord injury? |
| title_full_unstemmed | Does combined therapy of curcumin and epigallocatechin gallate have a synergistic neuroprotective effect against spinal cord injury? |
| title_short | Does combined therapy of curcumin and epigallocatechin gallate have a synergistic neuroprotective effect against spinal cord injury? |
| title_sort | does combined therapy of curcumin and epigallocatechin gallate have a synergistic neuroprotective effect against spinal cord injury |
| topic | spinal cord injury; epigallocatechin gallate; curcumin; inflammatory response; neural regeneration |
| url | http://www.nrronline.org/article.asp?issn=1673-5374;year=2018;volume=13;issue=1;spage=119;epage=127;aulast=Ruzicka |
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