Meningococcal disease during the Hajj and Umrah mass gatherings
The Hajj and Umrah religious mass gatherings hosted by the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia can facilitate the transmission of infectious diseases. The pilgrimages have been associated with a number of local and international outbreaks of meningococcal disease. These include serogroup A disease outbreaks in...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2016-06-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Infectious Diseases |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1201971216310207 |
| _version_ | 1818308499660079104 |
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| author | Saber Yezli Abdullah M. Assiri Rafat F. Alhakeem Abdulhafiz M. Turkistani Badriah Alotaibi |
| author_facet | Saber Yezli Abdullah M. Assiri Rafat F. Alhakeem Abdulhafiz M. Turkistani Badriah Alotaibi |
| author_sort | Saber Yezli |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The Hajj and Umrah religious mass gatherings hosted by the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia can facilitate the transmission of infectious diseases. The pilgrimages have been associated with a number of local and international outbreaks of meningococcal disease. These include serogroup A disease outbreaks in 1987 and throughout the 1990s and two international serogroup W135 outbreaks in 2000 and 2001. The implementation of strict preventative measures including mandatory quadrivalent meningococcal vaccination and antibiotic chemoprophylaxis for pilgrims from the African meningitis belt has prevented pilgrimage-associated meningococcal outbreaks since 2001. However, the fluid epidemiology of the disease and the possibility of outbreaks caused by serogroups not covered by the vaccine or emerging hyper-virulent strains, mean that the disease remains a serious public health threat during these events. Continuous surveillance of carriage state and the epidemiology of the disease in the Kingdom and globally and the introduction of preventative measures that provide broad and long-lasting immunity and impact carriage are warranted. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-13T07:15:15Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-2017806b8e7342bb9591be875014e58b |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1201-9712 1878-3511 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-13T07:15:15Z |
| publishDate | 2016-06-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | International Journal of Infectious Diseases |
| spelling | doaj.art-2017806b8e7342bb9591be875014e58b2022-12-21T23:55:35ZengElsevierInternational Journal of Infectious Diseases1201-97121878-35112016-06-0147C606410.1016/j.ijid.2016.04.007Meningococcal disease during the Hajj and Umrah mass gatheringsSaber Yezli0Abdullah M. Assiri1Rafat F. Alhakeem2Abdulhafiz M. Turkistani3Badriah Alotaibi4The Global Centre for Mass Gatherings Medicine, Public Health Directorate, Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Saudi ArabiaPublic Health Directorate, Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Saudi ArabiaPublic Health Directorate, Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Saudi ArabiaMakkah Regional Health Affairs, Ministry of Health, Jeddah, Saudi ArabiaThe Global Centre for Mass Gatherings Medicine, Public Health Directorate, Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Saudi ArabiaThe Hajj and Umrah religious mass gatherings hosted by the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia can facilitate the transmission of infectious diseases. The pilgrimages have been associated with a number of local and international outbreaks of meningococcal disease. These include serogroup A disease outbreaks in 1987 and throughout the 1990s and two international serogroup W135 outbreaks in 2000 and 2001. The implementation of strict preventative measures including mandatory quadrivalent meningococcal vaccination and antibiotic chemoprophylaxis for pilgrims from the African meningitis belt has prevented pilgrimage-associated meningococcal outbreaks since 2001. However, the fluid epidemiology of the disease and the possibility of outbreaks caused by serogroups not covered by the vaccine or emerging hyper-virulent strains, mean that the disease remains a serious public health threat during these events. Continuous surveillance of carriage state and the epidemiology of the disease in the Kingdom and globally and the introduction of preventative measures that provide broad and long-lasting immunity and impact carriage are warranted.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1201971216310207HajjUmrahMass gatheringMeningococcal diseaseMeningitisOutbreak |
| spellingShingle | Saber Yezli Abdullah M. Assiri Rafat F. Alhakeem Abdulhafiz M. Turkistani Badriah Alotaibi Meningococcal disease during the Hajj and Umrah mass gatherings International Journal of Infectious Diseases Hajj Umrah Mass gathering Meningococcal disease Meningitis Outbreak |
| title | Meningococcal disease during the Hajj and Umrah mass gatherings |
| title_full | Meningococcal disease during the Hajj and Umrah mass gatherings |
| title_fullStr | Meningococcal disease during the Hajj and Umrah mass gatherings |
| title_full_unstemmed | Meningococcal disease during the Hajj and Umrah mass gatherings |
| title_short | Meningococcal disease during the Hajj and Umrah mass gatherings |
| title_sort | meningococcal disease during the hajj and umrah mass gatherings |
| topic | Hajj Umrah Mass gathering Meningococcal disease Meningitis Outbreak |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1201971216310207 |
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