Part A: Biodegradable Bio-Composite Film Reinforced with Cellulose Nanocrystals from <i>Chaetomorpha linum</i> into Thermoplastic Starch Matrices
In recent years, macroalgae and microalgae have played a significant role in the production of organic matter, fiber, and minerals on Earth. They contribute to both technical and medicinal applications as well as being a healthy and nutritious food for humans and animals. The theme of this work conc...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-03-01
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| Series: | Polymers |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/15/6/1542 |
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| author | Taghreed Alsufyani Nour Houda M’sakni |
| author_facet | Taghreed Alsufyani Nour Houda M’sakni |
| author_sort | Taghreed Alsufyani |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In recent years, macroalgae and microalgae have played a significant role in the production of organic matter, fiber, and minerals on Earth. They contribute to both technical and medicinal applications as well as being a healthy and nutritious food for humans and animals. The theme of this work concerns the development and exploitation of <i>Chaetomorpha linum (C. <i>linum)</i></i> biomass, through the elaboration of a new starch-based composite film reinforced by cellulose nanocrystals (CL-CNC) derived from C. linum. The first step involves the chemical extraction of CL-CNC from dry <i>C. linum</i> algae biomass. To achieve this, three types of cyclic treatment were adopted: alkalinization (sodium hydroxide) followed by bleaching (sodium hypochlorite) and acid hydrolysis (hydrochloric acid). We then studied the optimization of the development of bio-composite films based on corn starch (CS) reinforced by CL-CNC. These polymeric films were produced using the solution-casting technique followed by the thermal evaporation process. Structure and interactions were modified by using different amounts of glycerol plasticizers (20% and 50%) and different CS:CNC ratios (7:3 and 8:2). These materials were characterized by UV visible (UV/Vis), Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) spectroscopy to understand structure-property relationships. The result revealed that the best matrix composition is 7:3 (CS: CL-CNC) with 50% glycerol, which reflects that the reinforcing effect of <i>CL-CNC</i> was greater in bio-composites prepared with a 50% plasticizer, revealing the formation of hydrogen bonds between CL-CNC and CS. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T05:58:55Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-2023cf2e21a542d58fae1d423668102c |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4360 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T05:58:55Z |
| publishDate | 2023-03-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Polymers |
| spelling | doaj.art-2023cf2e21a542d58fae1d423668102c2023-11-17T13:26:59ZengMDPI AGPolymers2073-43602023-03-01156154210.3390/polym15061542Part A: Biodegradable Bio-Composite Film Reinforced with Cellulose Nanocrystals from <i>Chaetomorpha linum</i> into Thermoplastic Starch MatricesTaghreed Alsufyani0Nour Houda M’sakni1Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Chemistry, College of Science, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi ArabiaIn recent years, macroalgae and microalgae have played a significant role in the production of organic matter, fiber, and minerals on Earth. They contribute to both technical and medicinal applications as well as being a healthy and nutritious food for humans and animals. The theme of this work concerns the development and exploitation of <i>Chaetomorpha linum (C. <i>linum)</i></i> biomass, through the elaboration of a new starch-based composite film reinforced by cellulose nanocrystals (CL-CNC) derived from C. linum. The first step involves the chemical extraction of CL-CNC from dry <i>C. linum</i> algae biomass. To achieve this, three types of cyclic treatment were adopted: alkalinization (sodium hydroxide) followed by bleaching (sodium hypochlorite) and acid hydrolysis (hydrochloric acid). We then studied the optimization of the development of bio-composite films based on corn starch (CS) reinforced by CL-CNC. These polymeric films were produced using the solution-casting technique followed by the thermal evaporation process. Structure and interactions were modified by using different amounts of glycerol plasticizers (20% and 50%) and different CS:CNC ratios (7:3 and 8:2). These materials were characterized by UV visible (UV/Vis), Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) spectroscopy to understand structure-property relationships. The result revealed that the best matrix composition is 7:3 (CS: CL-CNC) with 50% glycerol, which reflects that the reinforcing effect of <i>CL-CNC</i> was greater in bio-composites prepared with a 50% plasticizer, revealing the formation of hydrogen bonds between CL-CNC and CS.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/15/6/1542green macroalga<i>Chaetomorpha linum</i>Red Seacellulose nanocrystalsthermoplastic starchbio-composite films |
| spellingShingle | Taghreed Alsufyani Nour Houda M’sakni Part A: Biodegradable Bio-Composite Film Reinforced with Cellulose Nanocrystals from <i>Chaetomorpha linum</i> into Thermoplastic Starch Matrices Polymers green macroalga <i>Chaetomorpha linum</i> Red Sea cellulose nanocrystals thermoplastic starch bio-composite films |
| title | Part A: Biodegradable Bio-Composite Film Reinforced with Cellulose Nanocrystals from <i>Chaetomorpha linum</i> into Thermoplastic Starch Matrices |
| title_full | Part A: Biodegradable Bio-Composite Film Reinforced with Cellulose Nanocrystals from <i>Chaetomorpha linum</i> into Thermoplastic Starch Matrices |
| title_fullStr | Part A: Biodegradable Bio-Composite Film Reinforced with Cellulose Nanocrystals from <i>Chaetomorpha linum</i> into Thermoplastic Starch Matrices |
| title_full_unstemmed | Part A: Biodegradable Bio-Composite Film Reinforced with Cellulose Nanocrystals from <i>Chaetomorpha linum</i> into Thermoplastic Starch Matrices |
| title_short | Part A: Biodegradable Bio-Composite Film Reinforced with Cellulose Nanocrystals from <i>Chaetomorpha linum</i> into Thermoplastic Starch Matrices |
| title_sort | part a biodegradable bio composite film reinforced with cellulose nanocrystals from i chaetomorpha linum i into thermoplastic starch matrices |
| topic | green macroalga <i>Chaetomorpha linum</i> Red Sea cellulose nanocrystals thermoplastic starch bio-composite films |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/15/6/1542 |
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