Cultural Influences on Saccadic Patterns in Facial Perception: A Comparative Study of American and Japanese Real and Animated Faces
This study investigated the influence of saccadic eye movements and emotions on real and animated faces to enhance a detailed perception of facial information. Considering the cross-cultural differences in facial features, animated faces also influence visual preferences due to their unique visual a...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-10-01
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| Series: | Applied Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/13/19/11018 |
| _version_ | 1797576161380794368 |
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| author | Zhi-Lin Chen Kang-Ming Chang |
| author_facet | Zhi-Lin Chen Kang-Ming Chang |
| author_sort | Zhi-Lin Chen |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This study investigated the influence of saccadic eye movements and emotions on real and animated faces to enhance a detailed perception of facial information. Considering the cross-cultural differences in facial features, animated faces also influence visual preferences due to their unique visual appeal. Since there are differences in facial features across cultures, animated faces can also impact visual preferences due to their unique visual appeal. This study involved 60 participants and utilized four stimulus conditions, including real and animated faces from America and Japan. A five-point Likert scale was employed to measure participants’ subjective emotional pleasure and arousal levels, while eye-tracking equipment was used to analyze participants’ saccadic eye movements. The results revealed that, in comparison to Japanese real faces (JT), American real faces (AT) exhibited significantly greater average saccadic distances (AT: 113.03 ± 46.26, JT: 110.78 ± 45.55, <i>p</i> < 0.05). However, there was no statistically significant difference in the average saccadic distance between Japanese and American animated faces (109.88 ± 45.73 and 110.85 ± 45.31, respectively). Additionally, evaluating the mediating role of pleasure and arousal levels among these facial stimuli did not impact saccadic behavior. Our observations suggest that cultural factors wield a pronounced impact on saccadic behavior within real-life scenarios. However, these cultural nuances appear to attenuate in virtual and abstract animated environments. This study’s findings shed new light on the dynamic relationship between saccadic eye movements, emotions, and cultural dimensions, unraveling complexities in facial perception across diverse cultural landscapes. The implications of our research extend to animation, serving as a catalyst for further exploration in this burgeoning field. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T21:48:19Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-20270ae5300e4f019e3302c76d03ec2d |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-3417 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T21:48:19Z |
| publishDate | 2023-10-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Applied Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-20270ae5300e4f019e3302c76d03ec2d2023-11-19T14:07:28ZengMDPI AGApplied Sciences2076-34172023-10-0113191101810.3390/app131911018Cultural Influences on Saccadic Patterns in Facial Perception: A Comparative Study of American and Japanese Real and Animated FacesZhi-Lin Chen0Kang-Ming Chang1Department of Digital Media Design, Asia University, Taichung 41354, TaiwanDepartment of Computer and Communication Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung 824005, TaiwanThis study investigated the influence of saccadic eye movements and emotions on real and animated faces to enhance a detailed perception of facial information. Considering the cross-cultural differences in facial features, animated faces also influence visual preferences due to their unique visual appeal. Since there are differences in facial features across cultures, animated faces can also impact visual preferences due to their unique visual appeal. This study involved 60 participants and utilized four stimulus conditions, including real and animated faces from America and Japan. A five-point Likert scale was employed to measure participants’ subjective emotional pleasure and arousal levels, while eye-tracking equipment was used to analyze participants’ saccadic eye movements. The results revealed that, in comparison to Japanese real faces (JT), American real faces (AT) exhibited significantly greater average saccadic distances (AT: 113.03 ± 46.26, JT: 110.78 ± 45.55, <i>p</i> < 0.05). However, there was no statistically significant difference in the average saccadic distance between Japanese and American animated faces (109.88 ± 45.73 and 110.85 ± 45.31, respectively). Additionally, evaluating the mediating role of pleasure and arousal levels among these facial stimuli did not impact saccadic behavior. Our observations suggest that cultural factors wield a pronounced impact on saccadic behavior within real-life scenarios. However, these cultural nuances appear to attenuate in virtual and abstract animated environments. This study’s findings shed new light on the dynamic relationship between saccadic eye movements, emotions, and cultural dimensions, unraveling complexities in facial perception across diverse cultural landscapes. The implications of our research extend to animation, serving as a catalyst for further exploration in this burgeoning field.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/13/19/11018animated faceseye trackersaccade distanceself-assessment manikin |
| spellingShingle | Zhi-Lin Chen Kang-Ming Chang Cultural Influences on Saccadic Patterns in Facial Perception: A Comparative Study of American and Japanese Real and Animated Faces Applied Sciences animated faces eye tracker saccade distance self-assessment manikin |
| title | Cultural Influences on Saccadic Patterns in Facial Perception: A Comparative Study of American and Japanese Real and Animated Faces |
| title_full | Cultural Influences on Saccadic Patterns in Facial Perception: A Comparative Study of American and Japanese Real and Animated Faces |
| title_fullStr | Cultural Influences on Saccadic Patterns in Facial Perception: A Comparative Study of American and Japanese Real and Animated Faces |
| title_full_unstemmed | Cultural Influences on Saccadic Patterns in Facial Perception: A Comparative Study of American and Japanese Real and Animated Faces |
| title_short | Cultural Influences on Saccadic Patterns in Facial Perception: A Comparative Study of American and Japanese Real and Animated Faces |
| title_sort | cultural influences on saccadic patterns in facial perception a comparative study of american and japanese real and animated faces |
| topic | animated faces eye tracker saccade distance self-assessment manikin |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/13/19/11018 |
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