Using asexual vertebrates to study genome evolution and animal physiology: Banded (Fundulus diaphanus) x Common Killifish (F. heteroclitus) hybrid lineages as a model system
Abstract Wild, asexual, vertebrate hybrids have many characteristics that make them good model systems for studying how genomes evolve and epigenetic modifications influence animal physiology. In particular, the formation of asexual hybrid lineages is a form of reproductive incompatibility, but we k...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Wiley
2020-07-01
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| Series: | Evolutionary Applications |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1111/eva.12975 |
| _version_ | 1811207086764195840 |
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| author | Anne C. Dalziel Svetlana Tirbhowan Hayley F. Drapeau Claude Power Lauren S. Jonah Yayra A. Gbotsyo Anne‐Marie Dion‐Côté |
| author_facet | Anne C. Dalziel Svetlana Tirbhowan Hayley F. Drapeau Claude Power Lauren S. Jonah Yayra A. Gbotsyo Anne‐Marie Dion‐Côté |
| author_sort | Anne C. Dalziel |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Wild, asexual, vertebrate hybrids have many characteristics that make them good model systems for studying how genomes evolve and epigenetic modifications influence animal physiology. In particular, the formation of asexual hybrid lineages is a form of reproductive incompatibility, but we know little about the genetic and genomic mechanisms by which this mode of reproductive isolation proceeds in animals. Asexual lineages also provide researchers with the ability to produce genetically identical individuals, enabling the study of autonomous epigenetic modifications without the confounds of genetic variation. Here, we briefly review the cellular and molecular mechanisms leading to asexual reproduction in vertebrates and the known genetic and epigenetic consequences of the loss of sex. We then specifically discuss what is known about asexual lineages of Fundulus diaphanus x F. heteroclitus to highlight gaps in our knowledge of the biology of these clones. Our preliminary studies of F. diaphanus and F. heteroclitus karyotypes from Porter's Lake (Nova Scotia, Canada) agree with data from other populations, suggesting a conserved interspecific chromosomal arrangement. In addition, genetic analyses suggest that: (a) the same major clonal lineage (Clone A) of F. diaphanus x F. heteroclitus has remained dominant over the past decade, (b) some minor clones have also persisted, (c) new clones may have recently formed, and iv) wild clones still mainly descend from F. diaphanus ♀ x F. heteroclitus ♂ crosses (96% in 2017–2018). These data suggest that clone formation may be a relatively rare, but continuous process, and there are persistent environmental or genetic factors causing a bias in cross direction. We end by describing our current research on the genomic causes and consequences of a transition to asexuality and the potential physiological consequences of epigenetic variation. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-12T03:59:08Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-2029dcee0cf945c1a120e566ff83d828 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1752-4571 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-12T03:59:08Z |
| publishDate | 2020-07-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Evolutionary Applications |
| spelling | doaj.art-2029dcee0cf945c1a120e566ff83d8282022-12-22T03:48:46ZengWileyEvolutionary Applications1752-45712020-07-011361214123910.1111/eva.12975Using asexual vertebrates to study genome evolution and animal physiology: Banded (Fundulus diaphanus) x Common Killifish (F. heteroclitus) hybrid lineages as a model systemAnne C. Dalziel0Svetlana Tirbhowan1Hayley F. Drapeau2Claude Power3Lauren S. Jonah4Yayra A. Gbotsyo5Anne‐Marie Dion‐Côté6Department of Biology Saint Mary's University Halifax NS CanadaDepartment of Biology Saint Mary's University Halifax NS CanadaDepartment of Biology Saint Mary's University Halifax NS CanadaDépartement de biologie Université de Moncton Moncton NB CanadaDepartment of Biology Saint Mary's University Halifax NS CanadaDepartment of Biology Saint Mary's University Halifax NS CanadaDépartement de biologie Université de Moncton Moncton NB CanadaAbstract Wild, asexual, vertebrate hybrids have many characteristics that make them good model systems for studying how genomes evolve and epigenetic modifications influence animal physiology. In particular, the formation of asexual hybrid lineages is a form of reproductive incompatibility, but we know little about the genetic and genomic mechanisms by which this mode of reproductive isolation proceeds in animals. Asexual lineages also provide researchers with the ability to produce genetically identical individuals, enabling the study of autonomous epigenetic modifications without the confounds of genetic variation. Here, we briefly review the cellular and molecular mechanisms leading to asexual reproduction in vertebrates and the known genetic and epigenetic consequences of the loss of sex. We then specifically discuss what is known about asexual lineages of Fundulus diaphanus x F. heteroclitus to highlight gaps in our knowledge of the biology of these clones. Our preliminary studies of F. diaphanus and F. heteroclitus karyotypes from Porter's Lake (Nova Scotia, Canada) agree with data from other populations, suggesting a conserved interspecific chromosomal arrangement. In addition, genetic analyses suggest that: (a) the same major clonal lineage (Clone A) of F. diaphanus x F. heteroclitus has remained dominant over the past decade, (b) some minor clones have also persisted, (c) new clones may have recently formed, and iv) wild clones still mainly descend from F. diaphanus ♀ x F. heteroclitus ♂ crosses (96% in 2017–2018). These data suggest that clone formation may be a relatively rare, but continuous process, and there are persistent environmental or genetic factors causing a bias in cross direction. We end by describing our current research on the genomic causes and consequences of a transition to asexuality and the potential physiological consequences of epigenetic variation.https://doi.org/10.1111/eva.12975asexual reproductioncytogeneticsepigeneticsgynogenesisphenotypic plasticity |
| spellingShingle | Anne C. Dalziel Svetlana Tirbhowan Hayley F. Drapeau Claude Power Lauren S. Jonah Yayra A. Gbotsyo Anne‐Marie Dion‐Côté Using asexual vertebrates to study genome evolution and animal physiology: Banded (Fundulus diaphanus) x Common Killifish (F. heteroclitus) hybrid lineages as a model system Evolutionary Applications asexual reproduction cytogenetics epigenetics gynogenesis phenotypic plasticity |
| title | Using asexual vertebrates to study genome evolution and animal physiology: Banded (Fundulus diaphanus) x Common Killifish (F. heteroclitus) hybrid lineages as a model system |
| title_full | Using asexual vertebrates to study genome evolution and animal physiology: Banded (Fundulus diaphanus) x Common Killifish (F. heteroclitus) hybrid lineages as a model system |
| title_fullStr | Using asexual vertebrates to study genome evolution and animal physiology: Banded (Fundulus diaphanus) x Common Killifish (F. heteroclitus) hybrid lineages as a model system |
| title_full_unstemmed | Using asexual vertebrates to study genome evolution and animal physiology: Banded (Fundulus diaphanus) x Common Killifish (F. heteroclitus) hybrid lineages as a model system |
| title_short | Using asexual vertebrates to study genome evolution and animal physiology: Banded (Fundulus diaphanus) x Common Killifish (F. heteroclitus) hybrid lineages as a model system |
| title_sort | using asexual vertebrates to study genome evolution and animal physiology banded fundulus diaphanus x common killifish f heteroclitus hybrid lineages as a model system |
| topic | asexual reproduction cytogenetics epigenetics gynogenesis phenotypic plasticity |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1111/eva.12975 |
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