Modeling the multi-level plumbing system of the Changbaishan caldera from geochemical, mineralogical, Sr-Nd isotopic and integrated geophysical data
Changbaishan, an intraplate volcano, is characterized by an approximately 6 km wide summit caldera and last erupted in 1903. Changbaishan experienced a period of unrest between 2002 and 2006. The activity developed in three main stages, including shield volcano (basalts), cone-construction (trachyan...
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Elsevier
2021-09-01
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| Series: | Geoscience Frontiers |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1674987121000359 |
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| author | Jian Yi Pujun Wang Xuanlong Shan Guido Ventura Chengzhi Wu Jiannan Guo Pencheng Liu Jiahui Li |
| author_facet | Jian Yi Pujun Wang Xuanlong Shan Guido Ventura Chengzhi Wu Jiannan Guo Pencheng Liu Jiahui Li |
| author_sort | Jian Yi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Changbaishan, an intraplate volcano, is characterized by an approximately 6 km wide summit caldera and last erupted in 1903. Changbaishan experienced a period of unrest between 2002 and 2006. The activity developed in three main stages, including shield volcano (basalts), cone-construction (trachyandesites to trachytes with minor basalts), and caldera-forming stages (trachytes to comendites). This last stage is associated with one of the more energetic eruptions of the last millennium on Earth, the 946 CE, VEI 7 Millennium Eruption (ME), which emitted over 100 km3 of pyroclastics. Compared to other active calderas, the plumbing system of Changbaishan and its evolution mechanisms remain poorly constrained. Here, we merge new whole-rock, glass, mineral, isotopic, and geobarometry data with geophysical data and present a model of the plumbing system. The results show that the volcano is characterized by at least three main magma reservoirs at different depths: a basaltic reservoir at the Moho/lower crust depth, an intermediate reservoir at 10–15 km depth, and a shallower reservoir at 0.5–3 km depth. The shallower reservoir was involved in the ME eruption, which was triggered by a fresh trachytic melt entering a shallower reservoir where a comenditic magma was stored. The trachytes and comendites originate from fractional crystallization processes and minor assimilation of upper crust material, while the less evolved melts assimilate lower crust material. Syn-eruptive magma mingling occurred during the ME eruption phase. The magma reservoirs of the caldera-forming stage partly reactivate those of the cone-construction stage. The depth of the magma storage zones is controlled by the layering of the crust. The plumbing system of Changbaishan is vertically extensive, with crystal mush reservoirs renewed by the replenishment of new trachytic to trachyandesitic magma from depth. Unlike other volcanoes, evidence of a basaltic recharge is lacking. The interpretation of the signals preceding possible future eruptions should consider the multi-level nature of the Changbaishan plumbing system. A new arrival of magma may destabilize a part of or the entire system, thus triggering eruptions of different sizes and styles. The reference model proposed here for Changbaishan represents a prerequisite to properly understand periods of unrest to potentially anticipate future volcanic eruptions and to identify the mechanisms controlling the evolution of the crust below volcanoes. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-12T10:56:11Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-20349d128100442cbd981fcda2cded9b |
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| issn | 1674-9871 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-12T10:56:11Z |
| publishDate | 2021-09-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
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| spelling | doaj.art-20349d128100442cbd981fcda2cded9b2023-09-02T06:19:31ZengElsevierGeoscience Frontiers1674-98712021-09-01125101171Modeling the multi-level plumbing system of the Changbaishan caldera from geochemical, mineralogical, Sr-Nd isotopic and integrated geophysical dataJian Yi0Pujun Wang1Xuanlong Shan2Guido Ventura3Chengzhi Wu4Jiannan Guo5Pencheng Liu6Jiahui Li7College of Earth Science, Jilin University, Jianshe Street 2199, Changchun 130061, China; Key Laboratory for Evolution of Past Life and Environment in Northeast Asia (Jilin University), Ministry of Education, Changchun 130026, ChinaCollege of Earth Science, Jilin University, Jianshe Street 2199, Changchun 130061, China; Key Laboratory for Evolution of Past Life and Environment in Northeast Asia (Jilin University), Ministry of Education, Changchun 130026, ChinaCollege of Earth Science, Jilin University, Jianshe Street 2199, Changchun 130061, China; Key Laboratory for Evolution of Past Life and Environment in Northeast Asia (Jilin University), Ministry of Education, Changchun 130026, China; Corresponding author at: College of Earth Science, Jilin University, Jianshe Str. 2199, 130061 Changchun, China.Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Via di Vigna Murata, 605, Roma 00143, Italy; Istituto per lo Studio degli impatti Antropici e Sostenibilità in ambiente marino (IAS), Capo Granitola (TP) 91021, ItalyChangbai Mountain Tianchi Volcano Observatory, Chibei District, Antu 133613, ChinaCollege of Earth Science, Jilin University, Jianshe Street 2199, Changchun 130061, China; Key Laboratory for Evolution of Past Life and Environment in Northeast Asia (Jilin University), Ministry of Education, Changchun 130026, ChinaCollege of Earth Science, Jilin University, Jianshe Street 2199, Changchun 130061, China; Key Laboratory for Evolution of Past Life and Environment in Northeast Asia (Jilin University), Ministry of Education, Changchun 130026, ChinaCollege of Earth Science, Jilin University, Jianshe Street 2199, Changchun 130061, China; Key Laboratory for Evolution of Past Life and Environment in Northeast Asia (Jilin University), Ministry of Education, Changchun 130026, ChinaChangbaishan, an intraplate volcano, is characterized by an approximately 6 km wide summit caldera and last erupted in 1903. Changbaishan experienced a period of unrest between 2002 and 2006. The activity developed in three main stages, including shield volcano (basalts), cone-construction (trachyandesites to trachytes with minor basalts), and caldera-forming stages (trachytes to comendites). This last stage is associated with one of the more energetic eruptions of the last millennium on Earth, the 946 CE, VEI 7 Millennium Eruption (ME), which emitted over 100 km3 of pyroclastics. Compared to other active calderas, the plumbing system of Changbaishan and its evolution mechanisms remain poorly constrained. Here, we merge new whole-rock, glass, mineral, isotopic, and geobarometry data with geophysical data and present a model of the plumbing system. The results show that the volcano is characterized by at least three main magma reservoirs at different depths: a basaltic reservoir at the Moho/lower crust depth, an intermediate reservoir at 10–15 km depth, and a shallower reservoir at 0.5–3 km depth. The shallower reservoir was involved in the ME eruption, which was triggered by a fresh trachytic melt entering a shallower reservoir where a comenditic magma was stored. The trachytes and comendites originate from fractional crystallization processes and minor assimilation of upper crust material, while the less evolved melts assimilate lower crust material. Syn-eruptive magma mingling occurred during the ME eruption phase. The magma reservoirs of the caldera-forming stage partly reactivate those of the cone-construction stage. The depth of the magma storage zones is controlled by the layering of the crust. The plumbing system of Changbaishan is vertically extensive, with crystal mush reservoirs renewed by the replenishment of new trachytic to trachyandesitic magma from depth. Unlike other volcanoes, evidence of a basaltic recharge is lacking. The interpretation of the signals preceding possible future eruptions should consider the multi-level nature of the Changbaishan plumbing system. A new arrival of magma may destabilize a part of or the entire system, thus triggering eruptions of different sizes and styles. The reference model proposed here for Changbaishan represents a prerequisite to properly understand periods of unrest to potentially anticipate future volcanic eruptions and to identify the mechanisms controlling the evolution of the crust below volcanoes.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1674987121000359Changbaishan volcanoCalderaPlumbing systemTriggering mechanismStorage depth |
| spellingShingle | Jian Yi Pujun Wang Xuanlong Shan Guido Ventura Chengzhi Wu Jiannan Guo Pencheng Liu Jiahui Li Modeling the multi-level plumbing system of the Changbaishan caldera from geochemical, mineralogical, Sr-Nd isotopic and integrated geophysical data Geoscience Frontiers Changbaishan volcano Caldera Plumbing system Triggering mechanism Storage depth |
| title | Modeling the multi-level plumbing system of the Changbaishan caldera from geochemical, mineralogical, Sr-Nd isotopic and integrated geophysical data |
| title_full | Modeling the multi-level plumbing system of the Changbaishan caldera from geochemical, mineralogical, Sr-Nd isotopic and integrated geophysical data |
| title_fullStr | Modeling the multi-level plumbing system of the Changbaishan caldera from geochemical, mineralogical, Sr-Nd isotopic and integrated geophysical data |
| title_full_unstemmed | Modeling the multi-level plumbing system of the Changbaishan caldera from geochemical, mineralogical, Sr-Nd isotopic and integrated geophysical data |
| title_short | Modeling the multi-level plumbing system of the Changbaishan caldera from geochemical, mineralogical, Sr-Nd isotopic and integrated geophysical data |
| title_sort | modeling the multi level plumbing system of the changbaishan caldera from geochemical mineralogical sr nd isotopic and integrated geophysical data |
| topic | Changbaishan volcano Caldera Plumbing system Triggering mechanism Storage depth |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1674987121000359 |
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